1/cookie&session
cookie保存在客户端
setcookie()设置,$_COOKIE[]读取,通过设置setcookie()内的第三个参数为之前的时间来删除cookie
session保存在服务端,更加安全
session_start()开启会话,$_SESSINO[]读取会话,设置$_SESSINO = []来删除会话,session_destroy()来删除服务端会话产生的临时文件,然后通过设置setcookie()内第三个参数为之前时间来删除客户端的cookie=PHPSESSID
2/通过cookie或者session来制作用户登陆的基本思路
1->登陆页面+公共头部和底部
2->登陆验证设计
3->制作自定义公公函数库
4->链接数据库
5->登陆验证
6->退出登陆
7->客户登陆状态判断,添加登陆或者退出链接
cookie
1/index.php
实例
<?php $page_title = '首页'; include ('inc/header.php'); echo '<h3>我是首页</h3>'; if ((isset($_COOKIE['user_id'])) && $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] != 'logout.php'){ echo '<a href="logout.php">退出</a>'; }else{ echo '<a href="login.php">登陆</a>'; } include ('inc/footer.php');
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2/login_page.php
实例
<?php $page_title = '用户登陆'; include ('inc/header.php'); ?> <h3>用户登陆</h3> <form action="login.php" method="post"> <p> <label for="email">邮箱:</label> <input type="email" name="email" id="email" value=""> </p> <p> <label for="password">密码:</label> <input type="password" name="password" id="password" value=""> </p> <p> <button type="submit" name="submit" id="submit">登陆</button> </p> </form> <?php include ('inc/footer.php'); ?>
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3/login.php
实例
<?php //未找出错误的代码 // if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST'){ // require ('inc/function.php'); // require ('inc/connect.php'); // list($check, $data) = check_login($dbc,$_POST['email'], $_POST['password']); // if ($check){ // setcookie('user_id',$data['user_id']); // setcookie('user_name',$data['user_name']); // redirect_user('loggedin.php'); // }else{ // $errors = $data; // } // mysqli_close($dbc); // } // include('login_page.php'); if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') { //加载公共函数库 require ('inc/function.php'); //连接数据库 require ('inc/connect.php'); //验证登录 //$check=true/false; $data=['user_id'=>$user_id, 'user_name'=>$user_name]; list($check, $data) = check_login($dbc, $_POST['email'], $_POST['password']); //验证通过 if ($check) { //设置cookies setcookie('user_id', $data['user_id']); setcookie('user_name', $data['user_name']); //跳转页面 redirect_user('loggedin.php'); } else { //验证失败 $errors = $data; } //关闭数据库连接 mysqli_close($dbc); } //加载 include('login_page.php');
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4/loggedin.php
实例
<?php if (!isset($_COOKIE['user_id'])) { require ('inc/function.php'); //跳转到默认首页 redirect_user(); } //如果已经登录 //设置页面标题 $page_title = '已经登录'; include ('inc/header.php'); //打印欢迎信息,并提供退出功能 echo <<< "WELCOME" <h2 style="color:red">登陆成功</h2> <p>欢迎您: {$_COOKIE['user_name']}</p> <p><a href="logout.php">退出</a></p> WELCOME; //加载底部 include ('inc/footer.php');
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5/logout.php
实例
<?php if (!isset($_COOKIE['user_id'])){ require ('inc/function.php'); redirect_user(); }else { setcookie('user_id','',time()-1); setcookie('user_name','',time()-1); } $page_title = '已经登陆'; include ('inc/header.php'); echo <<< "WELCOME" <h2 style="color:red">退出成功</h2> <p><a href="login.php">登录</a></p> WELCOME; include ('inc/footer.php');
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6/function.php
实例
<?php // 自定义地址跳转 function redirect_user($page = 'index.php') { $url = 'http://'.$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].dirname($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']); $url = rtrim($url,'/\\'); $url .='/'.$page; header('Location:'. $url); exit(); } function check_login($dbc, $email='', $password='') { //初始化错误信息数组 $errors = []; //验证邮箱 if (empty($email)) { $errors[] = '邮箱地址不能为空'; } else { //mysqli_real_escape_string():转义字符串的特殊字符 $e = mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc, trim($email)); } //验证密码 if (empty($password)) { $errors[] = '密码不能为空'; } else { $p = mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc, trim($password)); } //非空验证通过,即$error数组为空 if (empty($errors)) { //根据邮箱与密码来查询用户id与用户名 $sql = "SELECT `user_id`,`user_name` FROM `user` WHERE `email`='$e' AND `password`=sha1('$p') "; //执行查询 $res = mysqli_query($dbc, $sql); //查询成功应该返回唯一一条记录 if (mysqli_num_rows($res) == 1) { //将查询结果解析到数组中 $row = mysqli_fetch_array($res, MYSQLI_ASSOC); //返回查询结果 // print_r($row);exit(); return [true, $row]; } else { //查询失败 $errors[] = '邮箱或密码不正确,请重新输入'; } } return [false, $errors]; } // 验证用户登陆 // function check_login($dbc, $email='', $password='') // { // $errors = []; // if(empty($email)){ // $errors[] = '邮箱不能为空'; // }else { // $e = mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc,trim($email)); // } // if(empty($password)){ // $errors[] = '密码不能为空'; // }else { // $p = mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc,trim($password)); // } // if (empty($errors)){ // $sql = "SELECT `user_id`,`user_name` FROM `user` WHERE `email`='$e' AND `password`=sha1('$p')"; // $res = mysqli_query($dbc, $sql); // if(mysqli_num_row($res) == 1){ // $row = mysqli_fetch_array($res,MYSQLI_ASSOC); // return [true, $row]; // }else{ // $errors[] = '邮箱或密码不正确,请重新输入'; // } // } // return [false, $errors]; // }
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7/connect.php
实例
<?php //因为测试本页有错误,检查多次后直接引用了老师的代码 //创建连接参数: 因为连接参数不会经常变化,所以推荐使用常量 define ('DB_HOST', 'localhost'); define ('DB_USER', 'root'); define ('DB_PASS', 'root'); define ('DB_NAME', 'php'); define ('DB_CHAR', 'utf8'); $dbc = @mysqli_connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS, DB_NAME); //连接失败一定会返回错误编号,可以根据编号判断,也可用 $db是否为false进行判断 if (mysqli_connect_errno($dbc)) { echo '连接失败'.mysqli_connect_error($dbc); } mysqli_select_db($dbc, DB_NAME); //选择要操作的数据库 mysqli_set_charset($dbc, DB_CHAR); //设置客户端默认字符编码集
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8/header.php
实例
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title> <?php echo isset($page_title) ? $page_title : '默认标题'; ?> </title> </head> <body> <h3>我是头部</h3> <hr>
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9/footer.php
session
对index.php login.php loggedin.php logout.php 四个页面的cookie进行了修改