我正在处理两个组件之间的通信(使用Vue 2),其中一个是按钮,可以具有初始、加载和完成(成功或失败)等状态,对于按钮的每个状态,我可能会显示不同的文本,不同的图标(加载:旋转图标,成功完成:勾号,错误完成:x),我还有一个表单,将使用按钮组件。我不确定如何根据表单提交的当前状态来更改按钮的状态。请查看下面的代码。
我的按钮组件:
<template> <button class="ui-button" @click="clicked" :data-status-type="status_type" :disabled="is_disabled" :type="type" > <i :class="icon" v-if="is_disabled || concluded"></i> {{ title }} </button> </template> <script> export default { props: { title: { type: String, }, type: { default: "button", type: String, }, }, data() { return { concluded: false, icon: "fa fa-spin ", is_disabled: false, status_type: "success", }; }, methods: { clicked() { if (!this.is_disabled) { this.$emit( "clicked", () => { this.is_disabled = true; this.icon = "fa fa-spin fas fa-spinner"; }, (succeeded) => { this.is_disabled = false; this.concluded = true; this.icon = succeeded ? "fas fa-check" : "fas fa-xmark"; this.status_type = succeeded ? "success" : "error"; setTimeout(() => { this.concluded = false; this.icon = ""; this.status_type = ""; }, 1500); } ); } }, }, }; </script>
我的表单组件:
<template> <div> <ThePages :parents="accompaniments"> <!-- ... some reactive stuff --> <template #extra_button> <TheButton @clicked="sendItemToCart" :title="button_text" :disabled="button_disabled" /> </template> </ThePages> </div> </template> <script> import axios from 'axios' import FormatHelper from '../helpers/FormatHelper' import SwalHelper from '../helpers/SwalHelper' import TheButton from './TheButton.vue' import ThePages from './ThePages.vue' import TheQuantityPicker from './TheQuantityPicker.vue' export default { props: ['product'], components: { TheButton, ThePages, TheQuantityPicker, }, data() { return { accompaniments: this.product.accompaniment_categories, button_text: '', button_disabled: false, format_helper: FormatHelper.toBRCurrency, observation: '', quantity: 1, success: false, } }, created() { this.addQuantityPropToAccompaniments() this.availability() }, methods: { // ... some other methods async sendItemToCart(startLoading, concludedSuccessfully) { startLoading() // This will change the button state this.button_text = 'Adicionando...' await axios .post(route('cart.add'), { accompaniments: this.buildAccompanimentsArray(), id: this.product.id, quantity: this.quantity, observation: this.observation, }) .then(() => { concludedSuccessfully(true) // This will change the button state this.button_text = 'Adicionado' SwalHelper.productAddedSuccessfully() }) .catch((error) => { concludedSuccessfully(false) // This will change the button state if ( error?.response?.data?.message == 'Este produto atingiu a quantidade máxima para este pedido.' ) { SwalHelper.genericError(error?.response?.data?.message) } else { SwalHelper.genericError() } this.button_text = 'Adicionar ao carrinho' }) }, }, } </script>
在上面的代码中,您可以看到我如何根据表单的状态来更改按钮的状态:我的按钮在点击时发出两个函数(startLoading,concludedSuccessfully),然后我在sendItemToCart中使用这两个函数。
这似乎将两个组件耦合得有点太多了,因为我必须将这些函数作为参数传递给父组件的方法。另外,我对如何做到这一点还有另一个想法,那就是给每个按钮一个ref,然后在父组件中使用ref调用其方法。这个想法听起来有点像面向对象编程中的“组合而非继承”,我只需要求对象/组件做某事,但在这种情况下,没有将函数作为参数。
嗯,上面的两种情况似乎比我可能拥有的每个按钮都创建变量更好,但它们似乎可以改进。所以我正在寻找的是:如何更好地解耦我的组件?
P粉0236500142023-09-15 09:27:59
如果我们讨论的是Vue 3(你没有指定Vue的版本,所以不确定是Vue 2),你可能正在寻找provide/inject
:
https://vuejs.org/guide/components/provide-inject.html
所以,如果你有一个父组件和一堆子组件,这些子组件只能作为父组件的后代出现(例如表单和输入框),你可以provide
表单的状态:
OP评论说按钮也可能出现在其他地方,所以我们应该同时使用props和provide。在没有表单的情况下,我们可以使用props作为默认的注入值。
在表单组件中:
<script setup> import {reactive, provide} from 'vue'; const form = reactive({button_disabled: false, button_text: '', sendItemToCart}); provide('form', form); function sendItemToCart(){ // your logic here } </script> <template> <div> <ThePages :parents="accompaniments"> <!-- ... some reactive stuff --> <template #extra_button> <TheButton /> </template> </ThePages> </div> </template>
在按钮组件中:
<script setup> import {inject} from 'vue'; const props = defineProps('button_disabled button_text'.split(' ')); const form = inject('form', props); // use either provide of props </setup> <template> <button class="ui-button" @click="() => form.sendItemToCart ? form.sendItemToCart() : $emit('clicked')" :data-status-type="status_type" :disabled="form.button_disabled" :type="type" > <i :class="icon" v-if="form.button_disabled || concluded"></i> {{ form.button_text }} </button> </template>
将代码调整为Options API。
使用Vue 2进行更新
OP更正了答案,使用的是Vue 2。所以...
幸运的是,Vue 2也支持provide/inject
!唯一的问题是如何使provide具有响应性,我猜在这里得到了解决:
How do I make Vue 2 Provide / Inject API reactive?