PHP的Hash算法：Times33
- WBOY原创
- 2016-06-06 20:09:51881浏览
最近看书，里面提到了一些Hash算法。比较有印象的是Times33，当时理解不是很透测，今天写了段程序来验证了一下。 先上代码： ?php /***CRC32Hash函数*@param$str *@returnint*/ function hash32 ( $str ) { return crc32 ( $str ) 16 0x7FFFFFFF ; }
最近看书，里面提到了一些Hash算法。比较有印象的是Times33，当时理解不是很透测，今天写了段程序来验证了一下。
先上代码：<span style="color: #000000;">
<span style="color: #0000BB;"><?php
<br />
<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000;">/**<br /> * CRC32 哈希函数
<br /> * @param $str
<br /> * @return int
<br /> */
<br /></span><span style="color: #007700;">function </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">hash32</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str</span><span style="color: #007700;">)
<br />{
<br /> return </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">crc32</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str</span><span style="color: #007700;">) >> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">16 </span><span style="color: #007700;">& </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0x7FFFFFFF</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br>}
<br>
<br></span><span style="color: #FF8000;">/**<br> * Times33 哈希函数
<br> * @param $str
<br> * @return int
<br> */
<br></span><span style="color: #007700;">function </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">hash33</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str</span><span style="color: #007700;">)
<br>{
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$hash </span><span style="color: #007700;">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br> for(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;">=</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0</span><span style="color: #007700;">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">strlen</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str</span><span style="color: #007700;">); </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;"> ) {
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$hash </span><span style="color: #007700;"> = </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">33 </span><span style="color: #007700;">* </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$hash </span><span style="color: #007700;"> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">ord</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str</span><span style="color: #007700;">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;">});
<br> }
<br> return </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$hash </span><span style="color: #007700;">& </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0x7FFFFFFF</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br>}
<br>
<br>
<br></span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$n </span><span style="color: #007700;">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">10</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br>
<br></span><span style="color: #FF8000;">// Test Case 1
<br></span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat </span><span style="color: #007700;">= array();
<br>for(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;">=</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0</span><span style="color: #007700;">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;"><</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">10000</span><span style="color: #007700;">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;"> ){
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str </span><span style="color: #007700;">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">substr</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">md5</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">microtime</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">true</span><span style="color: #007700;">)), </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0</span><span style="color: #007700;">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">8</span><span style="color: #007700;">);
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p </span><span style="color: #007700;">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">hash32</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str</span><span style="color: #007700;">) % </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$n</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br> if(isset(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p</span><span style="color: #007700;">])){
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p</span><span style="color: #007700;">] ;
<br> }其他{
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p</span><span style="color: #007700;">] = </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">1</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br> }
<br>}
<br></span><span style="color: #0000BB;">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">);
<br>
<br></span><span style="color: #FF8000;">//测试用例 2
<br></span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat </span><span style="color: #007700;">= array();
<br>for(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;">=</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0</span><span style="color: #007700;">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;">< </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">10000</span><span style="color: #007700;">; </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$i</span><span style="color: #007700;"> ){
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str </span><span style="color: #007700;">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">substr</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">md5</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">微时间</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">true</span><span style="color: #007700;">)), </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">0</span><span style="color: #007700;">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">8</span> <span style="color: #007700;">）；
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p </span><span style="color: #007700;">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">hash33</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$str</span><span style="color: #007700;">) % </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$n</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br> if(isset(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p</span><span style="color: #007700;">])){
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p</span><span style="color: #007700;">] ;
<br> }其他{
<br> </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$p</span><span style="color: #007700;">] = </span><span style="color: #0000BB;">1</span><span style="color: #007700;">;
<br> }
<br>}
<br></span><span style="color: #0000BB;">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700;">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB;">$stat</span><span style="color: #007700;">);</span>
</span>
以上有两个测试例子。第一个，用CRC32的方法；第二个是Times33的算法实现。
效果：
结果分布，矩阵算法不相贯（估计是数据源的问题，md5只有0-f）。也有文章说CRC32的分布更均匀（参考链接：）
但运载时间，CRC32比Times33快近一倍。
为什么是33？
即是素数（质数），也是奇数。除了33，还有131, 1313, 5381等。PHP内置的Hash函数用的是5381，在“鸟哥”的一篇博文中也有提到：
译文地址：PHP的哈希算法：Times33，感谢原作者分享。