无法调用'com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest.info(String)”，因为'extentlisteners.ExtentListeners.test”为空

在PHP开发中，我们经常会遇到各种问题和错误提示。其中一个常见的问题是“无法调用‘com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest.info(String)’，因为‘extentlisteners.ExtentListeners.test’为空”。这个错误提示可能让人感到困惑，不知道如何解决。在本文中，php小编百草将为大家解析这个问题的原因，并提供解决方法，帮助大家顺利解决这个错误。

问题内容

我正在学习 selenium，主题是范围报告。现在，当我在框架中实现以前的代码时，我收到此错误。这段代码在重新启动 ide 后可以工作，但现在不再工作了。 这是我的代码。

基础测试文件：

package base;

import java.io.fileinputstream;
import java.io.filenotfoundexception;
import java.io.ioexception;
import java.sql.sqlexception;
import java.time.duration;
import java.util.properties;

import org.apache.log4j.propertyconfigurator;
import org.openqa.selenium.by;
import org.openqa.selenium.webdriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.chromedriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.firefoxdriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.webdriverwait;
import org.testng.annotations.aftersuite;
import org.testng.annotations.beforesuite;
import org.testng.log4testng.logger;

import extentlisteners.extentlisteners;
import utilities.dbmanager;
import utilities.excelreader;
import utilities.monitoringmail;

public class basetest {
    
    public static webdriver driver;
    public static properties or = new properties();
    public static properties config = new properties();
    public static fileinputstream fis;
    public static excelreader excel = new excelreader("./src/test/resources/excel/testdata.xlsx");
    public static logger log = logger.getlogger(basetest.class);
    public static monitoringmail mail = new monitoringmail();
    public static webdriverwait wait;
    
    
    //findele finds the element based on the select type and enters the value : id/xpath/css
    public void type(string key, string value) {
        
        if(key.endswith("id")) {
            driver.findelement(by.id(or.getproperty(key))).sendkeys(value);;
        }else if(key.endswith("xpath")) {
            driver.findelement(by.xpath(or.getproperty(key))).sendkeys(value);
        }else if(key.endswith("css")) {
            driver.findelement(by.cssselector(or.getproperty(key))).sendkeys(value);
        }
        log.info("typing in an element : " + key + " , entered the values as : " + value);

        extentlisteners.test.info("typing in an element : " + key + " , entered the values as : " + value); //getting error on this line
        
    }
    
    //clickele clicks on the element based on the select type : id/xpath/css
    public void click(string key) {
        
        if(key.endswith("id")) {
            driver.findelement(by.xpath(or.getproperty(key))).click();
        }else if(key.endswith("xpath")) {
            driver.findelement(by.xpath(or.getproperty(key))).click();
        }else if(key.endswith("css")) {
            driver.findelement(by.xpath(or.getproperty(key))).click();
        }
        log.info("clicking on element : " + key);
        extentlisteners.test.info("clicking on element : " + key);
        
    }
    
    
    @beforesuite
    public void setup() {
        
        if(driver == null) {
            
            propertyconfigurator.configure("./src/test/resources/properties/log4j.properties"); //configuring log4j
            log.info("test execution started");
            
            
            try {
                fis = new fileinputstream("./src/test/resources/properties/config.properties"); //loading config file into fis
            } catch (filenotfoundexception e) {
                e.printstacktrace();
            } 
            try {
                config.load(fis); //loading fis to config properties
                log.info("config.properties file loaded");
            } catch (ioexception e) {
                e.printstacktrace();
            }
            
            
            try {
                fis = new fileinputstream("./src/test/resources/properties/or.properties"); //loading or file into fis
            } catch (filenotfoundexception e) {
                e.printstacktrace();
            } 
            try {
                or.load(fis); //loading fis to or properties
                log.info("config.properties file loaded");
            } catch (ioexception e) {
                e.printstacktrace();
            }
            
            
            //launching browser by checking which browser to launch from config file
            if(config.getproperty("browser").equals("chrome")){
                driver = new chromedriver();
                log.info("chrome browser launched");
            }
            else if(config.getproperty("browser").equals("firefox")){
                driver = new firefoxdriver();
                log.info("firefox browser launched");
            }
            
            
            //navigating to url provided in config file
            driver.get(config.getproperty("testsiteurl"));
            log.info("navigating to test site : " + config.getproperty("testsiteurl"));
            
            
            //maximizing browser window
            driver.manage().window().maximize();
            
            //applying implicit wait
            driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlywait(duration.ofseconds(integer.parseint(config.getproperty("implicit.wait"))));
            
            //applying explicit wait
            wait = new webdriverwait(driver, duration.ofseconds(integer.parseint(config.getproperty("explicit.wait"))));
            
            
            //jdbc connection
            try {
                dbmanager.setmysqldbconnection();
                log.info("database connection established");
            } catch (classnotfoundexception e) {
                // todo auto-generated catch block
                e.printstacktrace();
            } catch (sqlexception e) {
                // todo auto-generated catch block
                e.printstacktrace();
            }
        }
        
    }
    
    @aftersuite
    public void teardown() {
        driver.quit();
        log.info("test execution completed");
    }

}

登录测试文件：

package testcases;

import org.testng.annotations.dataprovider;
import org.testng.annotations.test;

import base.basetest;

public class logintest extends basetest {
    
    @test(dataprovider = "data")
    public void dologin(string username, string password) {
        
        type("username_id",username);
        type("password_id",password);
        click("loginbtn_xpath");
        
    }
    
    @dataprovider(name="data")
    public object[][] getdata() {
        
        string sheetname = "logintest";
        int rownum = excel.getrowcount(sheetname);
        int colnum = excel.getcolumncount(sheetname);
        
        excel.getcelldata(sheetname, colnum, rownum);
        
        object[][] data = new object[rownum-1][colnum];
        int row,col;
        for(row=2;row<=rownum;row++){
            for(col=0;col<colnum;col++){
                data[row-2][col]=excel.getcelldata(sheetname, col, row);
            }
        }
        return data;
        
    }

}

范围监听器：

package extentlisteners;

import java.util.date;

import org.testng.isuite;
import org.testng.isuitelistener;
import org.testng.itestcontext;
import org.testng.itestlistener;
import org.testng.itestresult;

import com.aventstack.extentreports.extentreports;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.extenttest;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.status;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.markuputils.extentcolor;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.markuputils.markup;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.markuputils.markuphelper;



public class extentlisteners implements itestlistener, isuitelistener {

    static date d = new date();
    static string filename = "extent_" + d.tostring().replace(":", "_").replace(" ", "_") + ".html";

    private static extentreports extent = extentmanager
            .createinstance(".\\reports\\" + filename);

    public static extenttest test;
    
    

    public void onteststart(itestresult result) {

        test = extent
                .createtest(result.gettestclass().getname() + "     @testcase : " + result.getmethod().getmethodname());
    

    }

    public void ontestsuccess(itestresult result) {

        string methodname = result.getmethod().getmethodname();
        string logtext = "<b>" + "test case:- " + methodname.touppercase() + " passed" + "</b>";
        markup m = markuphelper.createlabel(logtext, extentcolor.green);
        test.pass(m);

    }

    public void ontestfailure(itestresult result) {
        

        ///test.fail(result.getthrowable().getmessage());
        /*try {
            extentmanager.capturescreenshot();
        } catch (ioexception e) {
            // todo auto-generated catch block
            e.printstacktrace();
        }*/
        string methodname=result.getmethod().getmethodname();
        string logtext="<b>"+"test case:- "+ methodname.touppercase()+ " failed"+"</b>";        
    
    

        //test.fail("<b><font color=red>" + "screenshot of failure" + "</font></b><br>",mediaentitybuilder.createscreencapturefrompath(extentmanager.filename)
        //      .build());
    
        
        markup m = markuphelper.createlabel(logtext, extentcolor.red);
        test.log(status.fail, m);
        
    }

    public void ontestskipped(itestresult result) {
        string methodname = result.getmethod().getmethodname();
        string logtext = "<b>" + "test case:- " + methodname + " skipped" + "</b>";
        markup m = markuphelper.createlabel(logtext, extentcolor.amber);
        test.skip(m);

    }

    public void ontestfailedbutwithinsuccesspercentage(itestresult result) {
        // todo auto-generated method stub

    }

    public void onstart(itestcontext context) {

    }

    public void onfinish(itestcontext context) {

        if (extent != null) {

            extent.flush();
        }

    }

    public void onstart(isuite suite) {
        // todo auto-generated method stub
        
    }

    public void onfinish(isuite suite) {
        // todo auto-generated method stub
        
    }

}

我尝试注释 extentlistener 行，它工作正常，因此提取数据或将数据插入到元素中没有问题。这段代码工作过一次，所以我很困惑为什么它不工作并抛出这个错误。

错误消息：

FAILED: testCases.LoginTest.doLogin("[email protected]", "kjsdfnvjndklsv")
java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest.info(String)" because "extentlisteners.ExtentListeners.test" is null
at base.BaseTest.type(BaseTest.java:64)
at testCases.LoginTest.doLogin(LoginTest.java:13)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:139)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker.invokeMethod(TestInvoker.java:664)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethod(TestInvoker.java:227)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.MethodRunner.runInSequence(MethodRunner.java:50)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker$MethodInvocationAgent.invoke(TestInvoker.java:957)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestInvoker.invokeTestMethods(TestInvoker.java:200)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:148)
at org.testng.internal.invokers.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:128)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:848)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:621)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:443)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:437)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:397)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:336)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:95)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1280)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1200)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1114)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1082)
at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:115)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)

解决方法

看来你的代码没有任何问题。

“extentlisteners.test”为 null 的原因可能仅与 onteststart 在测试之前没有运行有关。

确保您的侦听器已添加到 testng xml 中：

<!doctype suite system "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="mytestsuite">
    <listeners>
        <listener class-name="extentlisteners.extentlisteners"/>
    </listeners>
    <test name="mytest">
        <packages>
            <package name="testcases"/>
        </packages>
    </test>
</suite>

或者，如果您以编程方式创建套件，请不要忘记在其中添加侦听器：

TestNG testng = new TestNG();
    testng.setTestClasses(new Class[] { LoginTest.class });
    testng.addListener(new ExtentListener());
    testng.run();

此外，您可以在 onteststart 方法中的测试初始化​​行上设置断点，并在调试模式下执行测试以检查为其设置的值。

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