在 Go 中执行 main 函数测试时出现问题

php小编西瓜在进行 Go 语言的开发时，经常会遇到在执行 main 函数进行测试时出现问题的情况。这种情况可能会导致程序无法正常运行或者出现意料之外的结果。为了解决这个问题，我们需要仔细排查可能的原因，并采取相应的措施来修复代码。本文将介绍一些常见的问题和解决方法，帮助开发者更好地应对这类情况。

问题内容

我几个月前编写了这个测试，它运行成功，没有任何错误，并且从未执行过 init() 函数，因为我只从测试中调用了处理程序函数，但现在它失败并出现以下错误：

/usr/local/opt/go/libexec/bin/go tool test2json -t /private/var/folders/wt/fc27nzn51rdbvwvjzkl05hlc0000gs/T/GoLand/___TestHandleRequest_in_next_api_cmd_getAllRawTransportOrders.test -test.v -test.paniconexit0 -test.run ^\QTestHandleRequest\E$
{"level":"fatal","msg":"no configuration found:  not set","time":"2023-08-27T22:48:03+05:30"}

Process finished with the exit code 1

我知道测试正在调用 init() 函数，但为什么不更早呢。我在这里缺少一些需要理解的东西吗？

init.go

//go:build !test
// +build !test

package main

import (
    "crypto/tls"
    "encoding/json"
    log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
    "os"

    "lib/storage/ssm"

    "next-api/aws/dynamodb"
    "next-api/cmd/utils"
    "next-api/config"
    "next-api/http"
)

func init() {
    // Log as JSON instead of the default ASCII formatter.
    log.SetFormatter(&log.JSONFormatter{})

    // Output to stdout instead of the default stderr
    // Can be any io.Writer, see below for File example
    log.SetOutput(os.Stdout)

    // Only log the warning severity or above.
    log.SetLevel(log.InfoLevel)

    var err error
    paramsRepo := ssm.NewRepository()

    configID, err := utils.GetEnv("CONFIG_ID")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("no configuration found: ", err)
    }

    cfg, err = config.Load(configID, paramsRepo)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("could not load config: ", err)
    }

    urls := http.URLs{}
    json.Unmarshal([]byte(cfg.MABES.URLs), &urls)

    // configure mTLS
    cert, err := tls.X509KeyPair([]byte(cfg.MABES.Certificate), []byte(cfg.MABES.PrivateKey))
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("could not create MABES certificate: ", err)
    }

    MABES, err = http.NewMABESClient(urls, http.WithTLS(cert))
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("could not create sofaClient client.", err)
    }

    NEXT = dynamodb.NewRepository(cfg.NEXT.Table)
}

ma​​in.go

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/events"
    "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/lambda"
    log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
    gohttp "net/http"

    "next-api/api"
    "next-api/config"
    "next-api/errors"
    "next-api/http"
    "next-api/http/problem"
    "next-api/mabes"
    "next-api/next"
)

var (
    cfg   config.Config
    MABES mabes.Client
    NEXT  next.Repository
)

func main() {
    lambda.Start(handler)
}

func handler(request events.APIGatewayProxyRequest) (events.APIGatewayProxyResponse, error) {
    facilityID := request.PathParameters["facilityID"]
    if facilityID == "" {
        return events.APIGatewayProxyResponse{
            StatusCode: gohttp.StatusBadRequest,
            Headers:    http.Headers("application/problem+json"),
            Body:       problem.ServerError(fmt.Errorf("missing facilityID parameter")).ToJSONResponse(),
        }, nil
    }

    transportOrders, err := api.GetAllRawTransportOrders(facilityID, request.QueryStringParameters, MABES, NEXT)
    b, err := json.Marshal(transportOrders)
    if err != nil {
        log.Errorln(err)

        if errors.Is(errors.NEXTRead, err) {
            return events.APIGatewayProxyResponse{
                StatusCode: gohttp.StatusOK,
                Headers:    http.Headers("application/json"),
                Body:       fmt.Sprintf(`{"data":%s}`, string(b)),
            }, nil
        }

        return events.APIGatewayProxyResponse{
            StatusCode: gohttp.StatusInternalServerError,
            Headers:    http.Headers("application/problem+json"),
            Body:       problem.ServerError(err).ToJSONResponse(),
        }, nil
    }

    return events.APIGatewayProxyResponse{
        StatusCode: gohttp.StatusOK,
        Headers:    http.Headers("application/json"),
        Body:       fmt.Sprintf(`{"data":%s}`, string(b)),
    }, nil
}

ma​​in_test.go

package main

import (
    "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/events"
    "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
    "net/http"
    "strings"
    "testing"
    "time"

    "next-api/api"
    "next-api/mabes"
    "next-api/next"
)

func TestHandleRequest(t *testing.T) {
    t.Run("should return the TransportOrders", func(t *testing.T) {
        req := events.APIGatewayProxyRequest{
            PathParameters: map[string]string{
                "facility": "11",
            },
        }
        timeStamp, _ := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339))
        sofa1 := next.SofaTransferModel{}
        sofa1.Phase = "1"
        sofa1.PartKey.PartCode = "abcd"
        sofa1.PartKey.DispatcherFacility = "11"
        sofa1.PartKey.UsageCode = "01"
        sofa1.Storage.Number = "00315"
        sofa1.Shipment.RequestedArrivalDate = timeStamp.String()
        transportOrders := make([]next.SofaTransferModel, 0)
        transportOrders = append(transportOrders, sofa1)

        getAllRawTransportOrdersCalls := 0
        api.GetAllRawTransportOrders = func(facilityID string, params map[string]string, MABES mabes.Client, NEXT next.Repository) (next.SofaTransferObjects, error) {
            getAllRawTransportOrdersCalls++
            return transportOrders, nil
        }

        // when
        res, err := handler(req)
        // then
        assert.Equal(t, 1, getAllRawTransportOrdersCalls)

        assert.NoError(t, err)
        assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, res.StatusCode)

        assert.True(t, strings.Contains(res.Body, transportOrders[0].PartKey.PartCode))
        assert.True(t, strings.Contains(res.Body, transportOrders[0].Storage.Number))
    })

}

解决方法

名为 init（全部小写）的顶级函数总是，并且总是在测试之前执行。 init 现在失败的原因，即使以前没有，现在看来，是环境的变化；即在 CONFIG_ID 设置之前，但现在没有设置，至少在执行测试的 shell 中没有设置。

https://www.php.cn/link/905d8fc4ffb4275a428a84589810f8f4

如果您使用 -tags test 运行 go test 命令，则将遵守 init.go 文件顶部的构建约束，即 //go:build !test，并且该文件将从测试中省略建造。但默认情况下，没有“test”构建标签，因此如果没有 -tags test 参数，这些构建约束将被忽略，并且 init.go 文件将包含在测试构建中。 p>

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