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PHP怎么读写xml文件?

PHPz
PHPz原创
2016-06-01 12:18:371413浏览

PHP怎么读写xml文件?

PHP读写XML的方法:

PHP对XML文件进行读写操作的方法一共有四种,分别是:字符串方式直接读写、DOMDocument读写、XMLWrite写和XMLReader读、SimpleXML读写,本文将依次对这四种方法进行介绍。

介绍之前首先对本文例子使用的数据和文件进行说明。本文写XML文件的例子都是从MySQL中读取数据然后写入到XML文件中,读XML文件的例子都是从XML文件中读取数据后组装成数组的格式,数组中每个元素对应数据库中的一条记录。

MySQL中的数据:

1 (1).png

XML文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8"?>
<studentcareer>
  <period>
    <starttime>2000</starttime>
    <endtime>2002</endtime>
    <school>培新小学</school>
  </period>
  <period>
    <starttime>2002</starttime>
    <endtime>2006</endtime>
    <school>览表东阳学校</school>
  </period>
  <period>
    <starttime>2006</starttime>
    <endtime>2009</endtime>
    <school>惠来慈云实验中学</school>
  </period>
  <period>
    <starttime>2009</starttime>
    <endtime>2012</endtime>
    <school>惠来一中</school>
  </period>
  <period>
    <starttime>2012</starttime>
    <endtime>2016</endtime>
    <school>华南师范大学</school>
  </period>
</studentcareer>

读取XML文件后组装成的数据格式:

2 (1).png

下面的例子使用的数据、文件都是以上所列数据、文件,介绍各个方法时不再赘述,直接贴代码。

一、PHP字符串方式读写XML文件:

1、字符串方式写XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:使用字符串方式写XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
$mysqli = mysqli_connect(&#39;localhost&#39;, &#39;root&#39;, &#39;123456&#39;, &#39;wjt&#39;);
if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die(&#39;database connect fail:&#39; . mysqli_connect_error());
 
$sql = &#39;select * from study order by starttime&#39;;
$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);
$study = array();
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) {
    $study[] = $row;
}
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
 
$str = "<studentcareer>\n";
foreach($study as $v) {
    $str .= "\t<period>\n";
    foreach($xmlTag as $x) {
        $str .= "\t\t<".$x.">" . $v[$x] . "</".$x.">\n";
    }
    $str .= "\t</period>\n";
}
$str .= &#39;</studentcareer>&#39;;
 
$file = &#39;./write_str.xml&#39;;
file_put_contents($file, $str);

2、字符串方式读XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:使用字符串方式读XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
$file = &#39;./write_str.xml&#39;;
$con = file_get_contents($file);
 
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
 
$arr = array();
foreach($xmlTag as $x) {
    preg_match_all("/<".$x.">.*<\/".$x.">/", $con, $temp);
    $arr[] = $temp[0];
}
//去除XML标签并组装数据
$data = array();
foreach($arr as $key => $value) {
    foreach($value as $k => $v) {
        $a = explode($xmlTag[$key].&#39;>&#39;, $v);
        $v = substr($a[1], 0, strlen($a[1])-2);
        $data[$k][$xmlTag[$key]] = $v;
    }
}
echo &#39;<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&#39;;
print_r($data);

二、DOMDocument读写XML文件

1、DOMDocument写XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:DOMDocument写XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
$mysqli = mysqli_connect(&#39;localhost&#39;, &#39;root&#39;, &#39;123456&#39;, &#39;wjt&#39;);
if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die(&#39;database connect fail:&#39; . mysqli_connect_error());
 
$sql = &#39;select * from study order by starttime&#39;;
$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);
$study = array();
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) {
    $study[] = $row;
}
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
 
$dom = new DOMDocument(&#39;1.0&#39;, &#39;utf8&#39;);
$dom->formatOutput = true;
$studentcareer = $dom->createElement(&#39;studentcareer&#39;);
$dom->appendChild($studentcareer);
foreach($study as $s) {
    $period = $dom->createElement(&#39;period&#39;);
    $studentcareer->appendChild($period);
    foreach($xmlTag as $x) {
        $element = $dom->createElement($x);
        $period->appendChild($element);
        $text = $dom->createTextNode($s[$x]);
        $element->appendChild($text);
    }
}
$dom->save(&#39;./write_dom.xml&#39;);

2、DOMDocument读XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:DOMDocument读XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->load(&#39;./write_dom.xml&#39;);
$periods = $dom->getElementsByTagName(&#39;period&#39;);
$study = array();
foreach($periods as $k => $p) {
    foreach($xmlTag as $x) {
        $node = $p->getElementsByTagName($x);
        $study[$k][$x] = $node->item(0)->nodeValue;
    }
}
echo &#39;<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&#39;;
print_r($study);

三、XMLWriter和XMLReader读写XML文件

1、XMLWriter写XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:XMLWriter写XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
$mysqli = mysqli_connect(&#39;localhost&#39;, &#39;root&#39;, &#39;123456&#39;, &#39;wjt&#39;);
if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die(&#39;database connect fail:&#39; . mysqli_connect_error());
 
$sql = &#39;select * from study order by starttime&#39;;
$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);
$study = array();
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) {
    $study[] = $row;
}
 
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
 
$xml = new XMLWriter();
$xml->openUri(&#39;./write_WR.xml&#39;);
$xml->setIndentString(&#39;  &#39;);//设置缩进格式化使用的符号
$xml->setIndent(true);
$xml->startDocument(&#39;1.0&#39;, &#39;utf8&#39;);
$xml->startElement(&#39;studentcareer&#39;);
foreach($study as $s) {
    $xml->startElement(&#39;period&#39;);
    foreach($xmlTag as $x) {
        $xml->startElement($x);
        $xml->text($s[$x]);
        $xml->endElement();
    }
    $xml->endElement();
}
$xml->endElement();
$xml->endDocument();
$xml->flush();

2、XMLReader读XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:XMLReader读XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
$xml = new XMLReader();
$xml->open(&#39;./write_WR.xml&#39;);
$study = array();
$count = 0;//记录数:方便组装数据
$name = &#39;&#39;;
while($xml->read()) {
    $n = $xml->name;
    if($xml->nodeType == XMLReader::ELEMENT) {
        if($n == &#39;period&#39;) {//开始下一条记录的读取
            $count ++;
        } else if(in_array($n, $xmlTag)) {//记录需要获取文本值的标签名
            $name = $n;
        }
    } else if($xml->nodeType == XMLReader::TEXT) {
        if(in_array($name, $xmlTag)) {
            $study[$count][$name] = $xml->value;
        }
    }
}
$xml->close();
echo &#39;<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&#39;;
print_r($study);

四、SimpleXML读写XML文件

1、SimpleXML写XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:SimpleXML写XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
$mysqli = mysqli_connect(&#39;localhost&#39;, &#39;root&#39;, &#39;123456&#39;, &#39;wjt&#39;);
if(mysqli_connect_errno()) die(&#39;database connect fail:&#39; . mysqli_connect_error());
 
$sql = &#39;select * from study order by starttime&#39;;
$res = mysqli_query($mysqli, $sql);
$study = array();
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($res)) {
    $study[] = $row;
}
 
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement(&#39;<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><studentcareer />&#39;);
foreach($study as $s) {
    $period = $xml->addChild(&#39;period&#39;);
    foreach($xmlTag as $x) {
        $period->addChild($x, $s[$x]);
    }
}
$xml->asXml(&#39;./write_sim.xml&#39;);//输出XML文件(没有格式化)

2、SimpleXML读XML文件:

<?php
/**
* function:SimpleXML读XML文件
* author:JetWu
* date:2016.12.03
**/
//XML标签配置
$xmlTag = array(
    &#39;starttime&#39;,
    &#39;endtime&#39;,
    &#39;school&#39;
);
$study = array();
$xml = simplexml_load_file(&#39;./write_sim.xml&#39;);
foreach($xml->children() as $period) {
    $study[] = get_object_vars($period);//获取对象全部属性,返回数组
}
echo &#39;<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&#39;;
print_r($study);

总结:这四种方法中,字符串的方式是最原始的方法。SimpleXML和DOM扩展是属于基于树的解析器,把整个文档存储为树的数据结构中,需要把整个文档都加载到内存中才能工作,所以当处理大型XML文档的时候,性能会剧减。XMLReader则是属于基于流的解析器,它不会一次把整个文档加载到内存中,而是每次分别读取其中的一个节点并允许实时与之交互,这种方式效率高,而且占内存少。

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