和 Ehcache 一样,如果在 classpath 下存在 Redis 并且 Redis 已经配置好了,此时默认就会使用 RedisCacheManager 作为缓存提供者,Redis 单机缓存使用步骤如下:
创建 Spring Boot 项目,添加 spring-boot-starter-cache 和 Redis 依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.lettuce</groupId> <artifactId>lettuce-core</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
Redis 单机缓存只需要开发者在 application.properties 中进行 Redis 配置及缓存配置即可,代码如下
# 缓存配置
# 配置缓存名称,Redis中的key都有一个前缀,默认前缀是“缓存名::”
spring.cache.cache-names=c1,c2
# 配置缓存有效期,即Redis中的key过期时间
spring.cache.redis.time-to-live=1800s
# Redis 配置
spring.redis.database=0
spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=123456
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-active=8
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle=8
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-wait=-1ms
spring.redis.jedis.pool.min-idle=0
在项目入口类中开启缓存,如下
@SpringBootApplication @EnableCaching public class CacheApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(CacheApplication.class, args); } }
第 4、5 步与SpringBoot浅析缓存机制之Ehcache 2.x应用一样,此处不再做过多的解释
Book
public class Book implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String name; private String author; @Override public String toString() { return "Book{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", author='" + author + '\'' + '}'; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } }
BookDao
@Repository @CacheConfig(cacheNames = "book_cache") public class BookDao { @Cacheable public Book getBookById(Integer id) { System.out.println("getBookById"); Book book = new Book(); book.setId(id); book.setName("三国演义"); book.setAuthor("罗贯中"); return book; } @CachePut(key = "#book.id") public Book updateBookById(Book book) { System.out.println("updateBookById"); book.setName("三国演义2"); return book; } @CacheEvict(key = "#id") public void deleteBookById(Integer id) { System.out.println("deleteBookById"); } }
创建测试类,对 Service 中的方法进行测试
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class CacheApplicationTests { @Autowired BookDao bookDao; @Test public void contextLoads() { bookDao.deleteBookById(1); bookDao.getBookById(1); bookDao.getBookById(1); bookDao.deleteBookById(1); Book b3 = bookDao.getBookById(1); System.out.println("b3:"+b3); Book b = new Book(); b.setName("三国演义"); b.setAuthor("罗贯中"); b.setId(1); bookDao.updateBookById(b); Book b4 = bookDao.getBookById(1); System.out.println("b4:"+b4); } }
执行该方法,控制台打印日志如下:
deleteBookById
getBookById
deleteBookById
getBookById
b3:Book{id=1, name='三国演义', author='罗贯中'}
updateBookById
b4:Book{id=1, name='三国演义2', author='罗贯中'}
为了避免缓存对来回测试的影响,我们首先执行删除操作(这同时也会删除缓存)。然后执行了一次查询,正常打印,接着又执行了一次查询没打印(直接读取的缓存),然后执行删除,接着再执行查询正常打印(删除操作也删除了缓存),再接着执行更新操作(同时更新了缓存),最后再次查询,打印更新后的数据。
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