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Mysql8断电崩溃怎么解决

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2023-05-29 13:20:041959浏览

一、概述

单机Mysql8数据库服务器运行过程中突然断电,导致数据库崩溃,无法重启。

二、查找原因

查看mysql运行错误日志:WIN-SOTMI68HRV6.err (在Data目录下)

InnoDB: End of page dump
InnoDB: Page may be a system page
2023-02-01T09:31:02.878917Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010915] [Server] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2023-02-01T09:31:02.882631Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.23) starting as process 3496
2023-02-01T09:31:02.923391Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2023-02-01T09:31:05.964384Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-011971] [InnoDB] Tablespace 'innodb_system' Page [page id: space=0, page number=5] log sequence number 3275776865 is in the future! Current system log sequence number 3197057036.
2023-02-01T09:31:05.966225Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-011972] [InnoDB] Your database may be corrupt or you may have copied the InnoDB tablespace but not the InnoDB log files. Please refer to http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html for information about forcing recovery.
2023-02-01T09:31:05.98

InnoDB: End of page dump
InnoDB: Page may be a system page
2023-02-01T11:03:39.767939Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-011906] [InnoDB] Database page corruption on disk or a failed file read of page [page id: space=4294967278, page number=101]. You may have to recover from a backup.
 len 16384; hex 4359822100000065000000000000000000000000c340647700060000000000000000ffffffeefffffffe0000000000000000ffffffff0000ffffffff0000ffffffee000000580932000000d600000154fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff

很明显[ERROR] ,找不到磁盘文件。通过上述日志可以得知:数据库出现错误,无法重启。

InnoDB采用校验和以保护数据,将其与页一起存储。InnoDB在从磁盘读取时,会对每个页计算校验和,然后与磁盘上加载的校验和进行比较。如果值是不同的,可能真的发生了一些错误。为了防止进一步的逻辑或物理损坏,MySQL服务器将关闭InnoDB。

三、解决方案

1.如何找出损坏发生的原因

没有通用的解决方案。一些常见的硬件问题包括物理磁盘或内存故障、损坏的驱动器/控制器,以及操作系统内核的错误。下面是一些建议:

在Linux平台上,有时会重置页缓存能解决这个问题:

echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

检查系统日志有没有可能的硬件故障。
如果InnoDB每次在特定页崩溃,最典型的是物理磁盘发生故障:运行对于你的OS /硬件的详细磁盘诊断。
如果崩溃是随机的且不在相同查询重复,可能是RAM故障:运行详细的RAM诊断。
在MySQL关闭时,用innochecksum工具检查InnoDB文件是有帮助的。

作者这里故障原因是断电导致数据出现问题,只能重装Mysql。

2.如何从损坏中恢复

最重要的是执行详细的硬件诊断,以消除问题扩散的机会。如果操作系统I / O缓存是磁盘读损坏的原因,重置缓存或重新启动操作系统应有助于消除当前的问题,数据库可能会重新运作。
有时唯一的解决办法是在有效恢复模式下备份数据。

笔者后面尝试强制启动,可以启动Mysql,但是数据库只能读不能写,通过日志又找不到损坏的数据表,无奈,只能先备份数据库,然后重装Mysql。

修改数据库,一直报错:

running in read_only mode 1836

将mysql改为强制启动:

在my.ini中【mysqld】节点下加上

innodb_force_recovery=0

然后对数据库进行备份。
备份方式:

一、数据库备份

第一种:(cmd窗口使用)
在命令提示符用mysqldump命令行备份数据库。
命令格式
mysqldump -u用户名 -p 数据库名 > 保存名.sql
范例:

mysqldump -uroot -p dataname > d:\data.sql

(导出数据库dataname到data.sql文件)
提示输入密码时,输入该数据库用户名的密码。

第二种:指定导出备份编码

mysqldump -u root -p密码 --default-character-set=数据编码 数据库名称> data.sql

案例:

mysqldump -u root -p123456 --default-character-set=utf8 discuss_chi>d:/data.sql

mySQL数据库在windows环境下备份与恢复:

二,恢复数据库,一共二种方式。

第一种;定义还原编码类型(cmd窗使用)
定义编码导入:

mysql -u root -p --default-character-set=utf8 -f dataname<d:/dis.sql

如果乱码使用二进导入

mysql -u root -p --default-character-set=binary -f dataname<d:/dis.sql

第二种:
source 命令(mysql控制台窗口使用)
进入mysql数据库控制台,

如在运行中输入:mysql -u root -p

mysql>use databasename;

1、确定数据库默认编码,比如编码为gbk,将读入途径编码同样设为gbk,命令为:
set names gbk;(导入数据出现乱码的时候用平常不用)
2、然后使用source命令,后面参数为脚本文件(如这里用到的.sql)

mysql>source d:\data.sql;

备份后,重装Mysql,恢复数据库。

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