需求: 演示 Spring-Boot 通过表单注册用户,并支持上传图片
代码实现-文件上传
请创建 templates/upload.html,确保头像只能选择一个,而宠物可上传多个图片
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>upload</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#CED3FE"> <img src="images/1.GIF"/> <hr/> <div > <h2>注册用户~</h2> <form action="#" th:action="@{/upload}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 用户名:<input type="text" name="name"/><br/><br/> 电 邮:<input type="text" name="email"/><br/><br/> 年 龄:<input type="text" name="age"/><br/><br/> 职 位:<input type="text" name="job"/><br/><br/> 头 像:<input type="file" name="header"><br/><br/> 宠 物:<input type="file" name="photos" multiple><br/><br/> <input type="submit" value="注册"/> <input type="reset" value="重新填写"/> </form> </div> <hr/> </body> </html>
2.创建src\main\java\com\llp\springboot\controller\UploadController.java
@Slf4j @Controller public class UploadController { //处理转发到用户注册-可以完成文件上传页面 @GetMapping("/upload.html") public String uploadPage() { return "upload";// 视图解析,转发到templates/upload.html } @PostMapping("/upload") @ResponseBody public String upload(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("email") String email, @RequestParam("age") Integer age, @RequestParam("job") String job, @RequestParam("header") MultipartFile header, @RequestParam("photos") MultipartFile[] photos) throws IOException { log.info("name:{},email:{},age:{},job:{},header.size:{},photos.length:{}",name,email,age,job,header.getSize(),photos.length); //1.获取源文件名称 String originalFilename = header.getOriginalFilename(); // /E:/IdeaProjects/springboot-sysuser/target/classes/ String path = ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath(); System.out.println(path); File file = new File(path+"static/images/upload/"); if(!file.exists()){ file.mkdirs(); } header.transferTo(new File(path+"static/images/upload/"+originalFilename)); return "注册用户成功/文件上传成功"; } }
1.文件覆盖问题
上面的示例中实现了文件的上传,但当两个不同的文件文件名相同时会存在文件覆盖的问题,如何解决呢?
@PostMapping("/upload") @ResponseBody public String upload(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("email") String email, @RequestParam("age") Integer age, @RequestParam("job") String job, @RequestParam("header") MultipartFile header, @RequestParam("photos") MultipartFile[] photos) throws IOException { log.info("name:{},email:{},age:{},job:{},header.size:{},photos.length:{}",name,email,age,job,header.getSize(),photos.length); //1.获取源文件名称 String originalFilename = header.getOriginalFilename(); originalFilename = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-","")+System.nanoTime()+originalFilename; //2.获取文件上传的路径 // /E:/IdeaProjects/springboot-sysuser/target/classes/ String path = ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath(); System.out.println(path); //3.动态的创建文件上传目录 File file = new File(path+"static/images/upload/"); if(!file.exists()){ file.mkdirs(); } //4.将文件传输到目标目录 header.transferTo(new File(path+"static/images/upload/"+originalFilename)); return "注册用户成功/文件上传成功"; }
originalFilename = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-","")+System.nanoTime()+originalFilename;
,实现思路就是给上传的文件重新指定一个不重复的文件名
2.将文件都上传到一个目录下,当上传文件很多时,会造成访问文件速度变慢
解决思路:将文件上传到不同目录 比如 一天上传的文件,统一放到 一个文件夹 年/月/日, 比如 2022/11/11 目录
public class WebUtils { //定义一个文件上传的路径 public static String UPLOAD_FILE_DIRECTORY = "static/images/upload/"; //编写方法,生成一个目录-根据当前日期 年/月/日 public static String getUploadFileDirectory() { return UPLOAD_FILE_DIRECTORY + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd").format(new Date()); } }
@PostMapping("/upload") @ResponseBody public String upload(@RequestParam("name") String name, @RequestParam("email") String email, @RequestParam("age") Integer age, @RequestParam("job") String job, @RequestParam("header") MultipartFile header, @RequestParam("photos") MultipartFile[] photos) throws IOException { //输出获取到的信息 log.info("上传的信息 name={} email={} age={} job={} header={} photos={} ", name, email, age, job, header.getSize(), photos.length); //得到类路径(运行的时候) String path = ResourceUtils.getURL("classpath:").getPath(); //log.info("path={}", path); //动态创建指定目录 File file = new File(path + WebUtils.getUploadFileDirectory()); if (!file.exists()) {//如果目录不存在,我们就创建, 在java io file.mkdirs(); } if (!header.isEmpty()) {//处理头像 //获取上传文件的名字 String originalFilename = header.getOriginalFilename(); String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "_" + originalFilename; //保存到动态创建的目录 header.transferTo(new File(file.getAbsolutePath() + "/" + fileName)); } //处理多个文件 if (photos.length > 0) { for (MultipartFile photo : photos) {//遍历 if (!photo.isEmpty()) { String originalFilename = photo.getOriginalFilename(); String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "_" + originalFilename; //保存到动态创建的目录 photo.transferTo(new File(file.getAbsolutePath() + "/" + fileName)); } } } return "注册用户成功/文件上传成功"; }
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