ApplicationContextAware接口:
public interface ApplicationContextAware extends Aware { void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException; }
首先Aware接口就知道这是springboot扩展给用户使用的,这里提供了方法setApplicationContext,参数就是传递spring容器上下文对象进来,我们可以接收这个上下文对象,我们要想知道获取spring容器上下文ApplicationContext具体有什么作用,这才是扩展接口的目的所在,获取上下文根据上下文的特性做一些事情。
我们来看ApplicationContext对象的方法:
来看看AbstractApplicationContext实现类的方法:
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().getBean(name);} public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().getBean(name, requiredType);} public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().getBean(name, args);} public <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().getBean(requiredType);} public <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType, Object... args) throws BeansException {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().getBean(requiredType, args);} public <T> ObjectProvider<T> getBeanProvider(Class<T> requiredType) {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().getBeanProvider(requiredType);} public <T> ObjectProvider<T> getBeanProvider(ResolvableType requiredType) {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().getBeanProvider(requiredType);} public boolean containsBean(String name) {return this.getBeanFactory().containsBean(name);} public boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().isSingleton(name);} public boolean isPrototype(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {this.assertBeanFactoryActive();return this.getBeanFactory().isPrototype(name);}
这里我们可以发现 getBean()方法很眼熟,因为在最最开始学习spring时没有用spring的脚手架创建项目,我们获取bean的方法通常是classPathContextLoader扫描bean的xml文件解析组成ApplicationCOntext对象,再调用它的getBean方法获取实例bean。
由此可以发现我们主要的应用途径就是使用这个getBean的方法,那么动态的注入bean我们通过很多方法就能实现,所以这里不难想到,静态方法中无法使用注入的bean的问题。
其次我们来复现这个问题,大家来看如下的代码:
public class JsonGetter { @Resource private UuidGetter uuidGetter; public static string Test(){ return uuidGetter.getUuid(); } public static JsONobject set0bjectToJsonObject(object data){ return JsoNobject.parseObject(String.valueof(JsONObject.toJSON(data))); } public static JsONObject setStringTO3son0bject(String data) { return JsONObject.parseObject(data); }
我们发现在静态的Test方法中调用注入的bean直接报错,这里解释一下:归功于类的加载机制与加载顺序,静态属性与静态代码块最先加载(static静态优先),这里加载静态方法是没有bean实例给你用的,自然会报错。
如何解决?我们可以采取Spring获取bean对象时调用getBean方法的思路,在容器加载时将spring容器的上下文进行静态存储:
@Component @Lazy(value = false) public class SpringContextHolder implements ApplicationContextAware, DisposableBean { /** * 将上下文静态设置,在初始化组件时就进行静态上下文的覆盖(这个覆盖是将远spring容器的上下文对象引用加到我们预定设置) */ private static ApplicationContext applicationContext = null; public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { assertContextInjected(); return applicationContext; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static <T> T getBean(String name) { assertContextInjected(); return (T) applicationContext.getBean(name); } public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> beanType) { assertContextInjected(); return applicationContext.getBean(beanType); } @Override public void setApplicationContext(@NotNull ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { SpringContextHolder.applicationContext = applicationContext; } @Override public void destroy() { applicationContext = null; } private static void assertContextInjected() { Assert.notNull(applicationContext, "applicationContext属性未注入, 请在applicationContext.xml中定义SpringContextHolder."); } public static void pushEvent(ApplicationEvent event){ assertContextInjected(); applicationContext.publishEvent(event); } }
这里只需要关注的是静态成员变量ApplicationContext的定义、赋值与验证:
/** * 将上下文静态设置,在初始化组件时就进行静态上下文的覆盖(这个覆盖是将远spring容器的上下文对象引用加到我们预定设置) */ private static ApplicationContext applicationContext = null;
重写扩展接口的方法,实现静态上下文的覆盖:
@Override public void setApplicationContext(@NotNull ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { SpringContextHolder.applicationContext = applicationContext; }
将获取它的方法公有修饰,便于共享:
public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { assertContextInjected(); return applicationContext; }
写到这里还是不明白,这么定义一个组件,将spring上下文对象静态覆盖到底有何作用?
不要慌,我们来看看这个类的这个方法:
public class AppContext { static transient ThreadLocal<Map<String, String>> contextMap = new ThreadLocal<>(); ......省略n行业务代码 public static void fillLoginContext() { DingAppInfo appInfo = SpringContextHolder.getBean(DingAppInfoService.class).findAppInfo(APP_CODE); setDingVerifyInfo(appInfo); CloudChatAppInfo cloudChatAppInfo = SpringContextHolder.getBean(CloudChatAppInfoService.class).findAppInfo(APP_CODE); setCloudChatInfo(cloudChatAppInfo); } public static void clear() { contextMap.remove(); //本地线程的remove方法极其重要,注意每次给它使用之后一定要调用remove清理,防止内存泄露。 } }
我们发现上例代码中进行了查库的操作:
DingAppInfo appInfo = SpringContextHolder.getBean(DingAppInfoService.class).findAppInfo(APP_CODE);
以上是SpringBoot ApplicationContextAware拓展接口如何使用的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章!