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Java程序设计实现局域网聊天小应用的步骤

PHPz
PHPz转载
2023-04-23 13:10:091636浏览

开发环境:

IDEA 2018.2 集成开发工具。

实现功能:

1、用户上线,向服务器通知并注册。

2、同局域网下,所有注册用户可以进行群聊。

3、同局域网下,所有用户可与任意已注册用户进行私聊。

4、用户下线,通知服务器,服务器更新信息。

实现原理:

1、服务器端实例化一个ServerSocket对象,调用accept方法等待客户端连接到服务器。

2、客户端实例化 Socket 对象,并使用构造方法与服务器建立链接。

3、服务器端根据客户端输入信息,辨别客户端请求的功能从而做出相应响应。

实用技术:

为了能够高效的处理客户端的请求,在服务器端使用多线程处理客户端请求。并且使用 ConcurrentHashMap 来存储所有注册过的客户端。

项目源码(解释写在代码的注释当中):

服务器端:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ManyThreadServer {
    //存储所有注册的客户端
    private static Map<String, Socket> clientMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<String,Socket>();
    //具体的处理每个客户端的请求
    private static class ExcuteClient implements Runnable{
        private Socket client;
        public ExcuteClient(Socket client) {
            this.client = client;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                //获取客户端的输出流,读取客户端消息,并处理
                Scanner in = new Scanner(client.getInputStream());
                String strFromClient;
                while(true){
                    if(in.hasNextLine()){
                        strFromClient = in.nextLine();
                        //在Windows下默认换行是:\r\n,所以把\r要转换为空字符串
                        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\r");
                        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(strFromClient);
                        strFromClient = matcher.replaceAll("");
                        //注册流程
                        if(strFromClient.startsWith("useName")){
                            String useName = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1];
                            registerUser(useName,client);
                            continue;
                        }
                        //群聊功能
                        if(strFromClient.startsWith("G")){
                            String msg = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1];
                            groupChat(msg,client);
                            continue;
                        }
                        //私聊功能
                        if(strFromClient.startsWith("P")){
                            String userName = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1].split("-")[0];
                            String msg = strFromClient.split("\\:")[1].split("-")[1];
                            privateChat(userName,msg,client);
                            continue;
                        }
                        //用户退出
                        if(strFromClient.startsWith("B")){
                            String userName = null;
                            //根据Socket找到UserName
                            for(String keyName : clientMap.keySet()){
                                if(clientMap.get(keyName).equals(client)){
                                    userName = keyName;
                                }
                            }
                            System.out.println("用户" + userName + "下线了。。。");
                            clientMap.remove(userName);
                            System.out.println("当前共有用户" + clientMap.size() + "人");
                            continue;
                        }
                        else{
                            PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8");
                            out.println("输入错误。。。");
                        }
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        private void registerUser(String name,Socket client){
            System.out.println("用户:" + name + "已上线!");
            clientMap.put(name,client);
            System.out.println("当前在线人数:" + clientMap.size() + "人!");
            //既然是用户在注册,所以这里服务器通知用户注册结果
            try {
                PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8");
                out.println("用户注册成功!");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        private void groupChat(String msg,Socket client){
            //取出clientMap中所有的Entry对象,遍历每个用户,并且发送消息
            Set<Map.Entry<String,Socket>> clientSet = clientMap.entrySet();
            for(Map.Entry<String,Socket> entry:clientSet){
                try {
                    Socket socket = entry.getValue();
                    //取得输出流,向客户端发送消息
                    PrintStream out = new PrintStream(socket.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8");
                    out.println("由端口号为"+ client.getPort() + "发来的群聊消息:" + msg);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        private void privateChat(String userName,String msg,Socket client){
            Socket privateSocket = clientMap.get(userName);
            try {
                PrintStream out = new PrintStream(privateSocket.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8");
                out.println("由端口号为:" + client.getPort() + "发来的消息:" + msg);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception{
        //为了提高效率,这里使用多线程进行处理
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(30);
        //实例化ServerSocket对象,并指定IP为本地主机,端口号为6666
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6666);
        for(int i = 0; i < 30;i++){
            System.out.println("等待用户连接。。。");
            //等待客户端连接服务器
            Socket client = serverSocket.accept();
            System.out.println("有客户端连接,端口号为:" + client.getPort());
            //启动线程,并处理客户端请求
            executorService.submit(new ExcuteClient(client));
        }
        //关闭线程,关闭服务器
        executorService.shutdown();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

客户端:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;
 
/**
 *  接收服务端发来的消息
 */
class FromServer implements Runnable{
    Socket client;
    public FromServer(Socket client){
        this.client = client;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Scanner in = new Scanner(client.getInputStream());
            while (true) {
                if (in.hasNextLine()) {
                    System.out.println("服务器:" + in.nextLine());
                }
                //判断客户端是否退出,如果推出,跳出循环,并关闭流
                if (client.isClosed()) {
                    System.out.println("客户端关闭。。。");
                    break;
                }
            }
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
 
/**
 *  向服务端发出消息
 */
class ToServer  implements Runnable{
    Socket client;
    public ToServer(Socket client){
        this.client = client;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            PrintStream out = new PrintStream(client.getOutputStream(),true,"UTF-8");
            while (true) {
                System.out.println("请输入信息:");
                String strToserver;
                if(scanner.hasNextLine()){
                    strToserver = scanner.nextLine().trim();
                    out.println(strToserver);
                    //客户端退出标志:B
                    if(strToserver.startsWith("B")){
                        System.out.println("客户端退出。。。");
                        scanner.close();
                        out.close();
                        client.close();
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
public class ManyThreadClient {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        try {
            //实例化Socket对象,与服务器建立连接
            Socket client = new Socket("127.0.0.1",6666);
            //为了发送消息和接收消息可以同时进行,使用多线程进行处理
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(new FromServer(client));
            Thread thread2 = new Thread(new ToServer(client));
            thread1.start();
            thread2.start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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