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教你在laravel中如何使用elaticsearch（步骤分明）

藏色散人
藏色散人转载
2021-10-15 15:24:562511浏览

下面由Laravel教程栏目带大家介绍在laravel中如何使用elaticsearch（步骤分明），希望对大家有所帮助！

安装相关扩展包

  • guzzlehttp/guzzle
  • elasticsearch/elasticsearch
  • laravel/scout
  • babenkoivan/scout-elasticsearch-driver
  • predis/predis  数据量大需要使用队列同步、拉取数据时安装

1.安装 guzzlehttp/guzzle

composer require guzzlehttp/guzzle

在 app/Services 目录下编写 Http 服务类

<?php

namespace App\Services;use GuzzleHttp\Client;use GuzzleHttp\Cookie\CookieJar;class HttpService{

    protected $client;

    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->client = new Client(['verify' => false, 'timeout' => 0,]);
    }

    /**
     * 发送 get 请求
     * @param $url
     * @param array $aQueryParam
     * @param string $isDecode
     * [@return](https://learnku.com/users/31554) mixed
     * @throws \GuzzleHttp\Exception\GuzzleException
     */
    public function get($url, $aQueryParam = [], $isDecode = true)
    {
        $response = $this->client->request('GET',
            $url,
            [
                'query' => $aQueryParam            ]);
        if($isDecode){
            return \GuzzleHttp\json_decode($response->getbody()->getContents(), true);
        }
        return $response->getbody()->getContents();
    }

    /**
     *  发送 post 请求
     * @param $url
     * @param array $aParam
     * @param string $type
     * @param string $isDecode
     * [@return](https://learnku.com/users/31554) mixed
     * @throws \GuzzleHttp\Exception\GuzzleException
     */
    public function post($url, $aParam = [], $type = 'form_params', $isDecode = true)
    {
        $aOptions = [];
        // Sending application/x-www-form-urlencoded POST
        if ($type == 'form_params') {
            $aOptions['form_params'] = $aParam;
        }
        //  upload JSON data
        if ($type == 'json') {
            $aOptions['json'] = $aParam;
        }
        $response = $this->client->request('POST', $url, $aOptions);

        if($isDecode){
            return \GuzzleHttp\json_decode($response->getbody()->getContents(), true);
        }
        return $response->getbody()->getContents();
    }

    /**
     *  发送 put 请求
     * @param $url
     * @param array $aParam
     * @param string $type
     * @param string $isDecode
     * [@return](https://learnku.com/users/31554) mixed
     * @throws \GuzzleHttp\Exception\GuzzleException
     */
    public function put($url, $aParam = [], $type = 'form_params', $isDecode = true)
    {
        $aOptions = [];
        // Sending application/x-www-form-urlencoded POST
        if ($type == 'form_params') {
            $aOptions['form_params'] = $aParam;
        }
        //  upload JSON data
        if ($type == 'json') {
            $aOptions['json'] = $aParam;
        }
        $response = $this->client->request('PUT', $url, $aOptions);

        if($isDecode){
            return \GuzzleHttp\json_decode($response->getbody()->getContents(), true);
        }
        return $response->getbody()->getContents();
    }

    /**
     * 保存远程文件到本地
     * 跟随第三方服务器url重定向
     * @param $url
     * [@return](https://learnku.com/users/31554) bool|string
     */
    public function getRemoteFile($url)
    {
        $jar = new CookieJar();
        $aOptions = ['cookies' => $jar];
        $response = $this->client->request('GET', $url, $aOptions);
        return $response->getBody()->getContents();
    }}

2.安装 elasticsearch/elasticsearch

composer require elasticsearch/elasticsearch

3.安装 laravel/scout

composer require laravel/scout

php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Laravel\Scout\ScoutServiceProvider"

4.安装 scout 第三方驱动 babenkoivan/scout-elasticsearch-driver

composer require babenkoivan/scout-elasticsearch-driver

php artisan vendor:publish --provider="ScoutElastic\ScoutElasticServiceProvider"

scout 服务配置，在 env 中增加配置项

// 驱动的host，若需账密：http://es_username:password@127.0.0.1:9200SCOUT_ELASTIC_HOST=elasticsearch:9200// 驱动SCOUT_DRIVER=elastic// 队列配置,数据量大时建议开启SCOUT_QUEUE=true

5.安装 predis/predis

composer require predis/predis

初始化 elatic Template

  • 这里以 artisan 命令的方式配置 生成命令文件

    php artisan make:command EsInit
    <?php
namespace App\Console\Commands;use App\Services\HttpService;use Illuminate\Console\Command;class EsInit extends Command{
  /**
   * The name and signature of the console command.
   *
   * @var string
   */
  protected $signature = &#39;es:init&#39;;

  /**
   * The console command description.
   *
   * @var string
   */
  protected $description = &#39;init laravel es for article&#39;;

  /**
   * Create a new command instance.
   *
   * [@return](https://learnku.com/users/31554) void
   */
  protected  $http;
  public function __construct()
  {
      parent::__construct();
      parent::__construct();
      $this->http = new HttpService();
  }

  /**
   * Execute the console command.
   *
   * [@return](https://learnku.com/users/31554) mixed
   */
  public function handle()
  {
      $this->createTemplate();
  }
  protected function createTemplate()
  {
      $aData = [
          /*
          * 这句是取在scout.php（scout是驱动）里我们配置好elasticsearch引擎的index项。
          * PS：其实都是取数组项，scout本身就是return一个数组，
          * scout.elasticsearch.index就是取
          * scout[elasticsearch][index]
          * */
          'template'=>config('scout.elasticsearch.index'),
          'mappings'=>[
              'articles' => [
                  'properties' => [
                      'title' => [
                          'type' => 'text'
                      ],
                      'content' => [
                          'type' => 'text'
                      ],
                      'created_at' => [
                          'format' => 'yy-MM-dd HHss',
                          'type' => 'date'
                      ],
                      'updated_at' => [
                          'format' => 'yy-MM-dd HHss',
                          'type' => 'date'
                      ]
                  ]
              ]
          ],
      ];
      $url = config('scout.elasticsearch.hosts')[0] . '/' . '_template/rtf';
      $this->http->put($url,$aData,'json');
  }}

    生成检索 model

    php artisan make:model Models/Article

创建 model 索引配置文件

  • Elasticsearch\ArticleIndexConfigurator.php
    <?php
namespace App\Elasticsearch;use ScoutElastic\IndexConfigurator;use ScoutElastic\Migratable;class ArticleIndexConfigurator extends IndexConfigurator{
  use Migratable;
  protected $name = &#39;articles&#39;;
  /**
   * @var array
   */
  protected $settings = [
      &#39;analysis&#39; => [
          'analyzer' => [
              'es_std' => [
                  'type' => 'standard',
                  'stopwords' => '_spanish_'
              ]
          ]
      ]
  ];}

创建 model 检索规则文件

  • Elasticsearch\SearchRules\ArticleRule.php

    <?php
namespace App\Elasticsearch\SearchRules;use ScoutElastic\SearchRule;class ArticleRule extends SearchRule{
  /*
   * @inheritdoc
   */
  public function buildHighlightPayload()
  {
      return [
          &#39;fields&#39; => [
              'title' => [
                  'type' => 'unified',
              ],
              'content' => [
                  'type' => 'unified',
              ],
          ]
      ];
  }

  //进行 match 搜索，会分词
  public function buildQueryPayload()
  {
      $query = $this->builder->query;
      return [
          'must' => [
              'query_string' => [
                  'query' => $query,
              ],
          ],
      ];
  }}

设置 model  Mapping 及检索字段

class Article extends Model{
    protected $indexConfigurator = ArticleIndexConfigurator::class;
    use Searchable;

    /**
     * 检索规则
     * @var string[]
     */
    protected $searchRules = [
        ArticleRule::class
    ];

    // 设置模型字段的映射关系
    protected $mapping = [
        'properties' => [
            'id' => [
                'type' => 'integer',
            ],
            'title' => [
                'type' => 'text',
                'analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
                'search_analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
                'index_options' => 'offsets',
                'store' => true
            ],
            'content' => [
                'type' => 'text',
                'analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
                'search_analyzer' => 'ik_max_word',
                'index_options' => 'offsets',
                'store' => true
            ],
            'number' => [
                'type' => 'integer',
            ],
        ],
    ];

    /**
     * 设置 es 检索返回的字段
     * [@return](https://learnku.com/users/31554) array
     */
    public function toSearchableArray() {
        return [
            'id' => $this->id,
            'title' => $this->title,
            'content' => $this->content,
        ];
    }}

使用步骤

  • 生成 elatic Template 类似 mysql 表结构

    php artisan es:init

  • 更新 elatic 类型映射

    php artisan elastic:update-mapping "App\Models\Article"

  • 数据库数据导入 elatic

    php artisan scout:import "App\Models\Article"

  • PS: 其他命令

  • 清空 elatic 数据

    php artisan scout:flush "App\Models\Article"

使用检索

 $query = Article::search('二胡')
            ->paginateRaw(3,'article',1);
        dd($query->items()['hits']);

其他使用请自行查看文档

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