PHP7和HHVM比较
PHP7的在真实场景的性能确实已经和HHVM相当, 在一些场景甚至超过了HHVM。HHVM的运维复杂, 是多线程模型, 这就代表着如果一个线程导致crash了, 那么整个服务就挂了, 并且它不会自动重启。另外它采用JIT, 那么意味着, 重启以后要预热, 没有预热的情况下, 性能较为糟糕。并且多线程模型调试困难, 这对于追求稳定来说的Web服务来说, 是非常不适合的。
Nginx以及PHP7.0之前的版本可以参考此文:Linux环境Nginx安装与调试以及PHP安装
PHP7.0正式版已经在2015年11月份左右发布,目前是PHP7.0.2版本,本人最早是从2015年8月php7的第一个测试版跟起,现在正式版发布。
linux版本:64位CentOS 6.6
Nginx版本:nginx1.8.0
php版本:php-7.0.2
推荐(免费):PHP7
下载
wget http://php.net/get/php-7.0.2.tar.gz/from/a/mirror
建议安装之前先看看安装帮助文件INSTALL
解压安装
tar zxvf php-7.0.2.tar.gz
cd php-7.0.2
首先查看安装帮助
./configure --help
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php
–with-curl
–with-freetype-dir
–with-gd
–with-gettext
–with-iconv-dir
–with-kerberos
–with-libdir=lib64
–with-libxml-dir
–with-mysqli
–with-openssl
–with-pcre-regex
–with-pdo-mysql
–with-pdo-sqlite
–with-pear
–with-png-dir
–with-xmlrpc
–with-xsl
–with-zlib
–enable-fpm
–enable-bcmath
–enable-libxml
–enable-inline-optimization
–enable-gd-native-ttf
–enable-mbregex
–enable-mbstring
–enable-opcache
–enable-pcntl
–enable-shmop
–enable-soap
–enable-sockets
–enable-sysvsem
–enable-xml
–enable-zip
如果配置错误,需要安装需要的模块,直接yum一并安装依赖库
yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel mysql pcre-devel
注意:安装php7beta3的时候有几处配置不过去,需要yum一下,现在php-7.0.2已经不用这样了。
yum -y install curl-devel
yum -y install libxslt-devel
编译安装
make && make install
配置文件
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
cp -R ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
需要注意的是php7中www.conf这个配置文件配置phpfpm的端口号等信息,如果你修改默认的9000端口号需在这里改,再改nginx的配置
启动
/etc/init.d/php-fpm
查看phpinfo()
php7和php5性能分析比较
生成一个 60 万元素的数组,通过查找key 的方式,来确定key是否存在。
PHP 5.4.44 版
[root@localhost www5.4.44]# time /usr/local/php5.4.44/bin/php search_by_key.php
real 0m0.351s
user 0m0.300s
sys 0m0.050s
PHP 5.5.28 版
[root@localhost www]# time /usr/local/php/bin/php search_by_key.php
real 0m0.361s
user 0m0.304s
sys 0m0.057s
PHP 7.0.0 版
[root@localhost www7]# time /usr/local/php7/bin/php search_by_key.php
real 0m0.114s
user 0m0.097s
sys 0m0.017s
很明显php7的性能是php5的3倍!
配置opcache
官网地址:http://php.net/opcache
使用下列推荐设置来获得较好的 性能:
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
opcache.fast_shutdown=1
opcache.enable_cli=1
你也可以禁用 opcache.save_comments 并且启用 opcache.enable_file_override。 需要提醒的是,在生产环境中使用上述配置之前,必须经过严格测试。 因为上述配置存在一个已知问题,它会引发一些框架和应用的异常, 尤其是在存在文档使用了备注注解的时候。
vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
加入
zend_extension=/usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/opcache.so
重启
killall php-fpm
/etc/init.d/php-fpm
Opcache 状态测试代码(https://gist.github.com/ck-on/4959032)进行演示:
<?php /* OCP - Opcache Control Panel (aka Zend Optimizer+ Control Panel for PHP) Author: _ck_ (with contributions by GK, stasilok) Version: 0.1.6 Free for any kind of use or modification, I am not responsible for anything, please share your improvements * revision history 0.1.6 2013-04-12 moved meta to footer so graphs can be higher and reduce clutter 0.1.5 2013-04-12 added graphs to visualize cache state, please report any browser/style bugs 0.1.4 2013-04-09 added "recheck" to update files when using large revalidate_freq (or validate_timestamps=Off) 0.1.3 2013-03-30 show host and php version, can bookmark with hashtag ie. #statistics - needs new layout asap 0.1.2 2013-03-25 show optimization levels, number formatting, support for start_time in 7.0.2 0.1.1 2013-03-18 today Zend completely renamed Optimizer+ to OPcache, adjusted OCP to keep working 0.1.0 2013-03-17 added group/sort indicators, replaced "accelerator_" functions with "opcache_" 0.0.6 2013-03-16 transition support as Zend renames product and functions for PHP 5.5 (stasilok) 0.0.5 2013-03-10 added refresh button (GK) 0.0.4 2013-02-18 added file grouping and sorting (click on headers) - code needs cleanup but gets the job done 0.0.2 2013-02-14 first public release * known problems/limitations: Unlike APC, the Zend OPcache API - cannot determine when a file was put into the cache - cannot change settings on the fly - cannot protect opcache functions by restricting execution to only specific scripts/paths * todo: Extract variables for prefered ordering and better layout instead of just dumping into tables File list filter */ // ini_set('display_errors',1); error_reporting(-1); if ( count(get_included_files())>1 || php_sapi_name()=='cli' || empty($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ) { die; } // weak block against indirect access $time=time(); define('CACHEPREFIX',function_exists('opcache_reset')?'opcache_':(function_exists('accelerator_reset')?'accelerator_':'')); if ( !empty($_GET['RESET']) ) { if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'reset') ) { call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'reset'); } header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) ); exit; } if ( !empty($_GET['RECHECK']) ) { if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate') ) { $recheck=trim($_GET['RECHECK']); $files=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status'); if (!empty($files['scripts'])) { foreach ($files['scripts'] as $file=>$value) { if ( $recheck==='1' || strpos($file,$recheck)===0 ) call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate',$file); } } header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) ); } else { echo 'Sorry, this feature requires Zend Opcache newer than April 8th 2013'; } exit; } ?>nbsp;html>
<p> </p><h1><a>Opcache Control Panel</a></h1> <p> <a>Details</a> <a>Files</a> <a>Reset</a> <?php if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate') ) { ?> <a>Recheck</a> <?php } ?> <a>Refresh</a> </p> <?php if ( !function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status') ) { echo '<h2>Opcache not detected?'; die; } if ( !empty($_GET['FILES']) ) { echo '<h2>files cached</h2>'; files_display(); echo '
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