CSS中7个你必须知道属性

学习CSS是构建好看网页的一种方式。 但是，在学习过程中，我们倾向于（大部分时间）限制自己，一遍又一遍地使用相同的属性。 毕竟，我们是一种习惯性的动物，我们会使用自己习惯且熟悉的东西。

因此，在这篇文章中，向你介绍7个 比较少见且好用的 CSS 属性，希望对你有所帮助。

1. vertical-align

CSS 的属性 vertical-align 用来指定行内元素（inline）或表格单元格（table-cell）元素的垂直对齐方式。

就像定义说的，这个属性允许你垂直对齐文本。它对于顺序指示器(st, nd等)、需要的输入星号(*)或没有正确居中的图标特别有用。vertical-align取其中一个值:super | top | middle | bottom | baseline (default) | sub | text-top | text-bottom，或从基线开始的长度(px，%， em, rem等等)。

baseline: 使元素的基线与父元素的基线对齐。HTML规范没有详细说明部分可替换元素的基线，如 ，这意味着这些元素使用此值的表现因浏览器而异。</p> <p>**sub：**使元素的基线与父元素的下标基线对齐。</p> <p>**super：**使元素的基线与父元素的上标基线对齐。</p> <p>**text-top：**使元素的基线与父元素的上标基线对齐。</p> <p>**text-bottom：**使元素的底部与父元素的字体底部对齐。</p> <p>**middle：**使元素的中部与父元素的基线加上父元素x-height（译注：x高度）的一半对齐。</p> <p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/image/146/506/911/1588313455263284.gif" class="lazy" title="1588313455263284.gif" alt="171c33d6115acd15.gif"></p> <blockquote><p>注意 vertical-align 只对行内元素、表格单元格元素生效：不能用它垂直对齐块级元素。</p></blockquote> <p><strong>2. writing-mode</strong></p> <p>writing-mode 属性定义了文本水平或垂直排布以及在块级元素中文本的行进方向。为整个文档设置书时，应在根元素上设置它（对于 HTML 文档应该在 html 元素上设置）。 它采用以下值之一horizontal-tb (default) | vertical-rl | vertical-lr。</p> <p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/image/541/281/203/1588313520750121.jpg" class="lazy" title="1588313520750121.jpg" alt="171c33d8ef3c975d.jpg"></p> <p>**horizontal-tb：**对于左对齐(ltr)脚本，内容从左到右水平流动。对于右对齐(rtr)脚本，内容从右到左水平流动。下一水平行位于上一行下方。</p> <p>**vertical-rl：**对于左对齐(ltr)脚本，内容从上到下垂直流动，下一垂直行位于上一行左侧。对于右对齐(rtr)脚本，内容从下到上垂直流动，下一垂直行位于上一行右侧。</p> <p>**vertical-lr：**对于左对齐(ltr)脚本，内容从上到下垂直流动，下一垂直行位于上一行右侧。对于右对齐(rtr)脚本，内容从下到上垂直流动，下一垂直行位于上一行左侧。</p> <p><strong>3. font-variant-numeric</strong></p> <p>font-variant-numeric CSS属性控制数字，分数和序号标记的替代字形的使用。</p> <p>它采用以下这些值之一： normal | ordinal | slashed-zero | lining-nums | oldstyle-nums | proportional-nums | tabular-nums | diagonal-fractions | stacked-fractions。</p> <p>此属性对于设置数字样式很有用。 根据情况，你可能希望显示老式的数字或带有斜杠的零，对于这些情况，font-feature-settings很有用。</p> <p>请注意，font-variant-numeric是font-feature-settings组属性的一部分。 诸如font-variant-caps或font-variant-ligatures之类的属性也属于该组。</p> <p><strong>4. user-select</strong></p> <p>每当我们有不想让用户选择的文本，或者相反，如果发生了双击或上下文单击，希望选择所有文本时，user-select属性将非常有用。</p> <p>此属性采用以下值之一：none | auto | text | all。</p> <p>**none：**元素及其子元素的文本不可选中。 请注意这个Selection 对象可以包含这些元素。 从Firefox 21开始， none 表现的像 -moz-none，因此可以使用 -moz-user-select: text 在子元素上重新启用选择。</p> <p>auto</p> <p>auto 的具体取值取决于一系列条件，具体如下：</p> <p>在 ::before 和 ::after 伪元素上，采用的属性值是 none</p> <p>如果元素是可编辑元素，则采用的属性值是 contain</p> <p>否则，如果此元素的父元素的 user-select 采用的属性值为 all，则该元素采用的属性值也为 all</p> <p>否则，如果此元素的父元素的 user-select 采用的属性值为none，则该元素采用的属性值也为 none</p> <p>否则，采用的属性值为text</p> <p>**text：**用户可以选择文本。</p> <p>**all：**在一个HTML编辑器中，当双击子元素或者上下文时，那么包含该子元素的最顶层元素也会被选中。</p> <p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/image/324/514/503/1588313617642103.gif" class="lazy" title="1588313617642103.gif" alt="171c47658a571a47.gif"></p> <p><strong>5. clip-path</strong></p> <p>clip-path CSS 属性可以创建一个只有元素的部分区域可以显示的剪切区域。区域内的部分显示，区域外的隐藏。剪切区域是被引用内嵌的URL定义的路径或者外部svg的路径，或者作为一个形状例如circle()。clip-path属性代替了现在已经弃用的剪切 clip属性。</p> <p>此属性采用以下值之一:circle() | ellipse() | polygon() | path() | url()。</p> <p>由于这是对该属性的介绍，因此，这里不会深入研究每个值。</p> <p>我使用最多的两个值是circle和polygon。circle(radius at pair)值有两个参数，第一个参数是圆的半径，第二个参数是表示圆心的点。polygon(pair, pair, pair ...)值取3个或更多的点，表示一个三角形、一个矩形等等。</p> <p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/image/673/562/977/1588313658911424.jpg" class="lazy" title="1588313658911424.jpg" alt="171c33e7b5c92979.jpg"></p> <p><strong>6. shape-outside</strong></p> <p>shape-outside的CSS 属性定义了一个可以是非矩形的形状，相邻的内联内容应围绕该形状进行包装。 默认情况下，内联内容包围其边距框; shape-outside提供了一种自定义此包装的方法，可以将文本包装在复杂对象周围而不是简单的框中。它采用与clip-path相同的值。</p> <p>clip-path定义用户如何查看元素，shape-outside定义其他HTML元素如何查看元素。</p> <p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/image/415/746/643/1588313691303409.jpg" class="lazy" title="1588313691303409.jpg" alt="171c33e9ea5dbe32.jpg"></p> <p><strong>7. background-clip</strong></p> <p>最后，backgroundclip CSS属性设置元素的背景是否扩展到其border 、padding 或content 框之下。</p> <p>此属性采用以下值之一：border-box (default) | padding-box | content-box | text</p> <p><img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/image/993/101/898/1588313725687360.gif" class="lazy" title="1588313725687360.gif" alt="171c34077e562347.gif"></p> <p>推荐教程：《<a href="https://www.php.cn/css-tutorial.html" target="_blank">CSS教程</a>》</p><p>以上是CSS中7个你必须知道属性的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章！</p></div><div class="wzconShengming_sp"><div class="bzsmdiv_sp">声明</div><div>本文转载于：juejin。如有侵权，请联系admin@php.cn删除</div></div></div><div class="phpgenera_Details_mainL4"><div class="phpmain1_2_top"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="phpmain1_2_top_title">相关文章<img class="lazy" data-src="/static/imghwm/index2_title2.png" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="" /></a></div><div class="phpgenera_Details_mainL4_info"><div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"><a href="https://m.php.cn/zh/faq/1796793483.html" title="滑动页脚" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"><img onerror="this.onerror=''; 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