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head标签中有什么属性?

Mar 21, 2019 am 11:29 AM
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本篇文章给大家带来的内容是关于head标签中有什么属性?有一定的参考价值,有需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望对你有所帮助。

head 标签里有什么?

每一个 HTML 文档中,都有一个不可或缺的标签: ,它作为一个容器,主要包含了用于描述 HTML 文档自身信息(元数据)的标签,这些标签一般不会在页面中被显示出来,大多情况下是给浏览器和搜索引擎看的。

可以用在  里面的标签有:  , <base> , <link> , <style> , <meta> , <script> , <noscript> 。</p> <p style="white-space: normal;">元信息标签介绍</p> <p style="white-space: normal;"><title></p> <p>定义文档的标题,显示在浏览器的标题栏或标签页上,一般会完整地概括整个网页的内容。</p> <p style="white-space: normal;"><base></p> <p>给页面上所有相对 URL 的提供一个基础。一份文档中只能有一个 <base> 标签。</p> <p>目前我只观察到「淘宝网」使用了这个标签。</p> <p style="white-space: normal;"><link></p> <p>规定外部资源与当前文档的关系,常于链接样式表,如下所示:</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;xxx.css&quot; type=&quot;text/css&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>当然还有很多其他的作用:</p> <ol><li>比如用于 SEO,主要给搜索引擎看的:</li></ol> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;link rel=&quot;canonical&quot; href=&quot;...&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>在网站中常有多个 url 指向同一个页面的情况,上述标签告知搜索引擎页面的主 url 是什么,以便搜索引擎保留主要页面而去除其他重复页面。</p> <ol><li>提供 rss 订阅的:</li></ol> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;link rel=&quot;alternate&quot; type=&quot;application/rss+xml&quot; title=&quot;RSS&quot; href=&quot;...&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>上述标签除搜索引擎可以看懂以外,也能被很多浏览器插件识别。</p> <ol><li>表示页面 icon 的:</li></ol> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;link rel=&quot;icon&quot; href=&quot;https://xxx.png&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>多数浏览器会读取这个 link 的资源并展示在页面上。</p> <ol><li>对页面提供预处理的:</li></ol> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;link rel=&quot;dns-prefetch&quot; href=&quot;//xxx.com&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>提前对一个域名做 dns 查询。强制对域名进行预读取在有的情况下很有用,。</p> <p>比如, 在网站的主页上,强制在整个网站上对频繁引用的域名做预解析处理,即使它们不在主页本身上使用。虽然主页的性能可能不受影响,但是会提高站点整体性能。</p> <p><style></p> <p>包含文档的样式信息。</p> <p><meta></p> <p>一种通用的元数据信息表示标签,一般以键值对出现,如:<meta name="xxx" content="yyy"></p> <p>charset 属性</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;meta charset=&quot;UTF-8&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>从 HTML5 开始,上述写法被推荐使用,用于声明当前文档所使用的字符编码,推荐放在 <head> 中的第一位。</p> <p style="white-space: normal;">http-equiv属性</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;content-type&quot; content=&quot;text/html; charset=UTF-8&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>在 HTML4 中,上述代码用于声明字符集,但是现在已不被推荐。</p> <p>除了 content-type ,还有其他几个值:</p> <p>content-language (已过时)、set-cookie (已过时)、default-style 、refresh 、content-security-policy</p> <p>因为不常用,所以就不一一介绍了,也挺容易理解,感兴趣可以点击 这里 了解。</p> <p style="white-space: normal;">name 属性</p> <p>其实 <meta> 标签可以被自由定义,只要读取和写入的双方约定好 name 和 content 的格式就可以了。来看一个例子:</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&lt;meta name=&quot;viewport&quot; content=&quot;width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no&quot;&gt;</pre> <p>上面这种用法并不在 HTML 标准中,但是却移动端开发的事实标准。这里来解释一下 content 中的内容:</p> <p>width :页面宽度,可以是一个正整数;也可以一个字符串 "device-width" ,表示跟设备宽度相等。height :页面高度,可以是一个正整数;也可以一个字符串 "device-height" ,表示跟设备高度相等。initial-scale :初始缩放比例。minimum-scale : 最小缩放比例。maximum-scale : 最大缩放比例。user-scalable :是否允许用户缩放。</p> <p>name 属性的值除了可以是 viewport 之外,还有相当多的值:</p> <p>application-name 、author 、description 、generator 、keywords 、referrer 、robots 等。</p> <p>同样的,就不一一介绍了,感兴趣可以点击 这里 了解。</p> <p><script></p> <p>用于嵌入或引用可执行脚本。来看几个 script 标签常见的全局属性:</p> <p>async</p> <p>使浏览器使用另一个线程下载脚本,这时不会阻塞页面渲染。当脚本下载完成后,浏览器会暂停渲染,执行脚本,执行完毕后继续渲染页面。</p> <p>async 无法保证脚本的执行顺序,哪个脚本先下载结束就会先执行。</p> <p>defer</p> <p>同样会使浏览器并行下载脚本,但是下载完毕不会立即执行,而是会等到 DOM 加载完成后(即刚刚读取完 </html> 标签)再执行脚本。</p> <p>defer 可以保证脚本的执行顺序就是它们在页面上出现的顺序。</p> <p>src</p> <p>定义引用外部脚本的地址,指定此属性的 script 标签内不应再有嵌入的脚本。如果脚本文件使用了非英语字符,还应该注明字符的编码。如:</p> <p><script charset="utf-8" src="https://www.example.com/script.js"></script><br>type</p> <p>默认值是 text/javascript</p> <p>想了解更多关于 <script>  标签的详细内容可以点击 这里 。</p> <p><noscript></p> <p>如果页面上的脚本类型不受支持或者当前在浏览器中关闭了脚本,则在此中定义脚本未被执行时的替代内容。</p> <p>总结</p> <p>本文到这里就结束了,其实关于 link 和 meta 标签还有很多没有介绍到,很多相关标签都是有特殊的需求,只有在特定情况下才会使用,比如移动端开发就会用许多在 PC 上并不需要的标签。</p> <p>当然平时使用也主要是看需求,就拿我目前来说,只是些许用到过一些与 viewport 和 SEO 相关的标签。</p> <p>鉴于此我推荐一个不错的学习方法,就是去各大网站查看它们的 head 标签里都有什么,遇到没见过的就去搜索一下,熟悉起来会很快。</p> <p>我这边看过的网站有:「淘宝网」、「阿里巴巴」、「京东」、「网易严选」、「起点中文网」等。</p> <p>本篇文章到这里就已经全部结束了,更多其他精彩内容可以关注PHP中文网的<a href="http://www.php.cn/course/list/11.html" target="_blank">HTML教程视频</a>栏目!</p> <p></p><p>以上是head标签中有什么属性?的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章!</p></div><div class="wzconShengming_sp"><div class="bzsmdiv_sp">声明</div><div>本文转载于:segmentfault。如有侵权,请联系admin@php.cn删除</div></div></div><div class="phpgenera_Details_mainL4"><div class="phpmain1_2_top"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="phpmain1_2_top_title">相关文章<img class="lazy" data-src="/static/imghwm/index2_title2.png" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="" /></a></div><div class="phpgenera_Details_mainL4_info"><div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"><a href="https://m.php.cn/zh/faq/1796795191.html" title="从文本到网站:HTML的力量" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"><img onerror="this.onerror=''; 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