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SpringMvc+AngularJs应如何使用

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Mar 06, 2018 pm 04:23 PM

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这次给大家带来SpringMvc+AngularJs应如何使用，SpringMvc+AngularJs使用的注意事项有哪些，下面就是实战案例，一起来看一下。

前端框架分段繁杂，框架本身也是日新月异，但是不免还是有很多好的框架，例如jQuery，但是jQuery本身的很多类库有比较杂乱，AngularJs和jQuery都作为前端框架，都有自己适合的场景，本文主要讲解AngularJs和SpringMvc的整合，代码来自于GitHub，自己下载下来看了一下，写点自己对于整合的理解。

1.为什么使用AngularJs

2.SpringMvc和AngularJs整合使用

3.总结

一、为什么要使用AngulaJs

AngularJS通过为开发者呈现一个更高层次的抽象来简化应用的开发。如同其他的抽象技术一样，这也会损失一部分灵活性。换句话说，并不是所有的应用都适合用AngularJS来做。AngularJS主要考虑的是构建CRUD应用。幸运的是，至少90%的WEB应用都是CRUD应用。

二、SpringMvc和AngularJs整合使用

项目结构

使用JavaConfig配置Spring

使用thymeleaf作为模板代替JSP

使用BootStrap

使用AngularJs

使用JavaConfig配置Spring

public class AppInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer { 
        public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {    
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        rootContext.register(AppConfig.class);
        servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext dispatcherContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        dispatcherContext.register(WebMvcConfig.class);        
 ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher = servletContext.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(dispatcherContext));
        dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        dispatcher.addMapping("/");
    } 
}

这个配置类是用来代替web.xml文件的，主要是注册监听器，Web的相关配置

包含了AppConfig和WebMvcConfig两个类

@Configuration@EnableWebMvc@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.xvitcoder.springmvcangularjs")@Import({ThymeleafConfig.class})public class WebMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(final ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addResourceHandler("/resources/**").addResourceLocations("/resources/");
    }    @Override
    public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
        converters.add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter());        super.configureMessageConverters(converters);
    }
}

继承了WebMvcConfigurerAdapter

重写了三个方法，分别配置了Handler，资源拦截和Converter

@Configurationpublic class ThymeleafConfig {    @Bean
    public ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver() {
        ServletContextTemplateResolver resolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver();
        resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/html/");
        resolver.setSuffix(".html");
        resolver.setTemplateMode("HTML5");
        resolver.setCacheable(false);        return resolver;
    }    @Bean
    public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine() {
        SpringTemplateEngine engine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
        engine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver());        return engine;
    }    @Bean
    public ThymeleafViewResolver thymeleafViewResolver() {
        ThymeleafViewResolver resolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
        resolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine());        return resolver;
    }
}

这里配置Thymeleaf模板

AngularJs的使用

项目结构

重点解释下这里面的东西，在IndexController中默认会将页面跳转到index.html页面，index.html页面时这样的：

<!doctype html><html lang="en" ng-app="AngularSpringApp"><head>
    <meta charset="utf-8"/>
    <title>Service App</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="resources/css/app.css"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="resources/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" /></head><body><div id="wrapper">
    <ul class="menu">
        <li><a href="#/cars">Cars</a></li>
        <li><a href="#/trains">Trains</a></li>
        <li><a href="#/railwaystations">Railway Station</a></li>
    </ul>
    <hr class="" />
    <div ng-view=""></div></div><script src="resources/js/lib/angular/angular.js"></script><script src="resources/js/app.js"></script><script src="resources/js/services.js"></script><script src="resources/js/controllers/RailwayStationController.js"></script><script src="resources/js/controllers/CarController.js"></script><script src="resources/js/controllers/TrainController.js"></script><script src="resources/js/filters.js"></script><script src="resources/js/directives.js"></script></body>

这里引入了很多js文件

注意cf5f2fd5eb6c8203012bece6f3538ed5

这是AngularJs的执行流程：从index.html开始，找到app.js文件，从app.js文件中根据路径找到相应的controller.js文件，controller.js文件将从后台获得数据返回到相应的html页面进行展示

模块是angularJs很重要的概念

var AngularSpringApp = {};
var App = angular.module(&#39;AngularSpringApp&#39;, [&#39;AngularSpringApp.filters&#39;, &#39;AngularSpringApp.services&#39;, &#39;AngularSpringApp.directives&#39;]);// Declare app level module which depends on filters, and servicesApp.config([&#39;$routeProvider&#39;, function ($routeProvider) {
    $routeProvider.when(&#39;/cars&#39;, {        templateUrl: &#39;cars/layout&#39;,        controller: CarController
    });
    $routeProvider.when(&#39;/trains&#39;, {        templateUrl: &#39;trains/layout&#39;,        controller: TrainController
    });  
    $routeProvider.when(&#39;/railwaystations&#39;, {        templateUrl: &#39;railwaystations/layout&#39;,        controller: RailwayStationController
    });
    $routeProvider.otherwise({redirectTo: &#39;/cars&#39;});
}]);

根据路径找到相应的controller和template模板

var CarController = function($scope, $http) {
    $scope.fetchCarsList = function() {
        $http.get(&#39;cars/carlist.json&#39;).success(function(carList){
            $scope.cars = carList;
        });
    };
    $scope.addNewCar = function(newCar) {
        $http.post(&#39;cars/addCar/&#39; + newCar).success(function() {
            $scope.fetchCarsList();
        });
        $scope.carName = &#39;&#39;;
    };
    $scope.removeCar = function(car) {
        $http.delete(&#39;cars/removeCar/&#39; + car).success(function() {
            $scope.fetchCarsList();
        });
    };
    $scope.removeAllCars = function() {
        $http.delete(&#39;cars/removeAllCars&#39;).success(function() {
            $scope.fetchCarsList();
        });
    };
    $scope.fetchCarsList();
};

使用$http服务向后台发送ajax请求，获取数据

<div class="input-append">
    <input style="width:358px; margin-left: 100px;" class="span2" type="text" ng-model="carName" required="required" min="1" />
    <button class="btn btn-primary" ng-disabled="!carName" ng-click="addNewCar(carName)">Add Car</button></div><h3 style="margin-left:100px;">Car List</h3><div class="alert alert-info" style="width:400px;margin-left:100px;" ng-show="cars.length == 0">
    No cars found</div><table class="table table-bordered table-striped" style="width:450px; margin-left: 100px;" ng-show="cars.length > 0">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th style="text-align: center; width: 25px;">Action</th>
            <th style="text-align: center;">Car Name</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        <tr ng-repeat="car in cars">
            <td  style="width:70px;text-align:center;"><button class="btn btn-mini btn-danger" ng-click="removeCar(car)">Remove</button></td>
            <td>{{car}}</td>
        </tr>
    </tbody></table><button style="margin-left:100px;" class="btn btn-danger"  ng-show="cars.length > 1" ng-click="removeAllCars()">Remove All Cars</button>

使用相应的标签接收数据和控制显示等操作