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Spring之WEB模块配置详解

小云云
小云云原创
2017-12-05 11:34:352124浏览

Spring是一个开放源代码的设计层面框架,他解决的是业务逻辑层和其他各层的松耦合问题,因此它将面向接口的编程思想贯穿整个系统应用。Spring是于2003 年兴起的一个轻量级的Java 开发框架,由Rod Johnson创建。简单来说,Spring是一个分层的JavaSE/EEfull-stack(一站式) 轻量级开源框架。本文主要介绍Spring之WEB模块配置详解,简单介绍了其继承方式,代理方式,以及相关详细配置代码,具有一定借鉴价值,需要的朋友可以了解下。

Spring框架七大模块简单介绍

Spring中MVC模块代码详解

Spring的WEB模块用于整合Web框架,例如Struts1、Struts2、JSF等

整合Struts1

继承方式

Spring框架提供了ActionSupport类支持Struts1的Action。继承了ActionSupport后就能获取Spring的BeanFactory,从而获得各种Spring容器内的各种资源

import org.springframework.web.struts.ActionSupport; 
  
public class CatAction extends ActionSupport{ 
   public ICatService getCarService(){ 
       return (ICatService) getWebApplicationContext().getBean("catService"); 
   } 
   public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ 
       CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; 
       if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){ 
          returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); 
       } 
   } 
  
   public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ 
       CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; 
       ICatService catService =getCatService(); 
       List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats(); 
       request.setAttribute("carList",catList); 
  
       return mapping.find("list"); 
   } 
}

Spring在web.xml中的配置

<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> 
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
   <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> 
</context-param> 
  
<listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件--> 
   <listener-class> 
       org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener 
   </listener-class> 
</listener> 
  
<filter><!-- 使用Spring自带的字符过滤器--> 
   <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> 
   <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 
   <init-param> 
       <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
       <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 
   </init-param> 
   <init-param> 
       <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> 
       <param-value>true</param-value> 
   </init-param> 
</filter> 
<filter-mapping> 
   <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> 
   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
</filter-mapping>

如果与Hibernate结合使用,需要在web.xml中添加OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器,将session范围扩大到JSP层,防止抛出延迟加载异常

<filter> 
   <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> 
   <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> 
</filter> 
<filter-mapping> 
   <filter-name> hibernateFilter</filter-name> 
   <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!-- 对Struts 1的Action启用--> 
</filter-mapping>

代理方式

继承方式融入Spring非常简单,但是缺点是代码与Spring发生了耦合,并且Action并没有交给Spring管理,因此不能使用Spring的AOP、IoC特性,使用代理方式则可以避免这些缺陷

public class CatAction extends Action{ //此处继承的Struts 1的Action 
   private ICatService catService; 
   //setter、getter略 
  
   public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ 
       CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; 
       if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){ 
          returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response); 
       } 
   } 
  
   public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){ 
       CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form; 
       ICatService catService =getCatService(); 
       List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats(); 
       request.setAttribute("carList",catList); 
  
       return mapping.find("list"); 
   } 
}

这个Action没有与Spring发生耦合,只是定义了一个ICatService属性,然后由Spring负责注入

struts-congfig.xml配置

<form-beans> 
   <form-bean name="catForm" type="com.clf.spring.CatForm"> 
</form-beans> 
  
<action-mappings> 
   <action name=" catForm" path="/cat" type="com.clf.spring.CatAction"> 
       <forward name="list" path="/jsp/listCat.jsp"></forward> 
   </action> 
</action-mappings> 
  
<!-- 最核心的配置,该配置把Struts的Action交给Spring代理--> 
<controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor" /> 
  
<!-- controller配置生效后,Action的type属性就是去作用了,Struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建CatAction,而是到Spring配置中寻找,因此Spring中必须配置CatAction --> 
<!-- Spring中配置Action使用的是name属性而不是id,Spring会截获"/cat.do"的请求,将catService通过setter方法注入到CatAction中,并调用execute()方法--> 
<bean name="/cat" class=" com.clf.spring.CatAction"> 
   <property name="catService" ref="catService" /> 
</bean>

web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式相同

使用代理方式的Action可以配置拦截器等Spring特性,例如给CatAction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器

<bean id="catBeforeInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor"> 
   <property name="advice"> 
       <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodBeforeInterceptor" /> 
   </property> 
   <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property> 
</bean> 
  
<bean id="catAfterInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor"> 
   <property name="advice"> 
       <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodAfterInterceptor" /> 
   </property> 
   <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property> 
</bean> 
  
<bean name="/cat" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"> 
   <property name="interceptorNames"> 
       <list> 
          <value> catBeforeInterceptor</value> 
          <value> catAfterInterceptor</value> 
       </list> 
   </property> 
   <property name="target"> 
       <bean class="com.clf.spring.CatAction"> 
          <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property> 
       </bean> 
   </property> 
</bean>

整合Struts 2

Spring整合Struts 2需要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包

public class CatAction{ 
   private ICatService catService; 
   private Cat cat; 
   //setter、getter略 
  
   public String list(){ 
       catService.listCats(); 
       return "list"; 
   } 
    
   public String add(){ 
       catService.createCat(cat); 
       return list(); 
   } 
}

struts.xml配置

除了正常的配置之外,还需要e2ee6256a76186d77aee2f05762f1a1d添加名为struts.objectFactory的常量,把值设为spring,表示该Action由Spring产生。然后把7e799be3545522a0b5d454493d321d80的class属性改为catAction,Struts2将会到Spring中寻找名为catAction的bean

<constant name=" struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> 
  
<packagenamepackagename="cat" extends="struts-default"> 
<action name="*_cat" method="{1}" class="catAction"> 
   <param name="action" >{1}</param> 
   <result>/list.jsp</result> 
   <result name="list">/list.jsp</result> 
</action> 
</package>

Spring配置

<bean id="catAction" scope="prototype" class="com.clf.spring.CatAction"> 
   <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property> 
</bean>

web.xml配置

<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置--> 
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
   <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> 
</context-param> 
  
<listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件--> 
   <listener-class> 
       org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener 
   </listener-class> 
</listener> 
  
<filter> 
   <filter-name>Struts2</filter-name> 
   <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> 
</filter> 
<filter-mapping> 
   <filter-name> Struts2</filter-name> 
   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
</filter-mapping>

以上内容就是Spring之WEB模块配置的详解,希望能帮助到大家。

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