详细介绍Quartz.Net调度框架配置的实例

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了Quartz.Net调度框架的配置方法，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

在平时的工作中，估计大多数都做过轮询调度的任务，比如定时轮询数据库同步，定时邮件通知等等。大家通过windows计划任务，windows服务等都实现过此类任务，甚至实现过自己的配置定制化的框架。那今天就来介绍个开源的调度框架Quartz.Net（主要介绍配置的实现，因为有朋友问过此类问题）。调度的实现代码很简单，在源码中有大量Demo，这里就略过了。

Quartz.Net当前最新版本Quartz.NET 2.0 beta 1 Released

一、基于文件配置

先看一下简单的实现代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Common.Logging;

namespace Demo
{
 class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
   
   // First we must get a reference to a scheduler
   ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
   IScheduler sched = sf.GetScheduler();
   
   sched.Start();   
   sched.Shutdown(true);
   
  }
 }
}

代码很简单，配置文件中的quartz基础配置，以及job,trigger信息是如何加载的？这个过程是发生 IScheduler sched = sf.GetScheduler();过程，主要体现在源码这一段

 public void Initialize()
  {
   // short-circuit if already initialized
   if (cfg != null)
   {
    return;
   }
   if (initException != null)
   {
    throw initException;
   }

   NameValueCollection props = (NameValueCollection) ConfigurationManager.GetSection("quartz");

   string requestedFile = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(PropertiesFile);
   string propFileName = requestedFile != null && requestedFile.Trim().Length > 0 ? requestedFile : "~/quartz.config";

   // check for specials
   propFileName = FileUtil.ResolveFile(propFileName);

   if (props == null && File.Exists(propFileName))
   {
    // file system
    try
    {
     PropertiesParser pp = PropertiesParser.ReadFromFileResource(propFileName);
     props = pp.UnderlyingProperties;
     Log.Info(string.Format("Quartz.NET properties loaded from configuration file '{0}'", propFileName));
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
     Log.Error("Could not load properties for Quartz from file {0}: {1}".FormatInvariant(propFileName, ex.Message), ex);
    }

   }
   if (props == null)
   {
    // read from assembly
    try
    {
     PropertiesParser pp = PropertiesParser.ReadFromEmbeddedAssemblyResource("Quartz.quartz.config");
     props = pp.UnderlyingProperties;
     Log.Info("Default Quartz.NET properties loaded from embedded resource file");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
     Log.Error("Could not load default properties for Quartz from Quartz assembly: {0}".FormatInvariant(ex.Message), ex);
    }
   }
   if (props == null)
   {
    throw new SchedulerConfigException(
     @"Could not find <quartz> configuration section from your application config or load default configuration from assembly.
Please add configuration to your application config file to correctly initialize Quartz.");
   }
   Initialize(OverrideWithSysProps(props));
  }

通过上面代码分析，初始化首先会检查系统config中是否有9b4c701a111f87c1cd1643746af7699b configuration section节点 （config指的app.config,web.config)，如果系统config有quartz节点，则直接加载此处的配置信息。如果系统config没有quartz的基础配置信息，则会继续查找是否有quartz.config/Quartz.quartz.config 这两个配置文件的存在，如果有则加载配置信息，如果没有则扔出初始化配置异常。

而jobs.xml（调度的任务和触发器plugin节点配置文件）

app.config/web.config 中plugin配置

 <quartz>
  <add key="quartz.scheduler.instanceName" value="ExampleDefaultQuartzScheduler"/>
  <add key="quartz.threadPool.type" value="Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz"/>
  <add key="quartz.threadPool.threadCount" value="10"/>
  <add key="quartz.threadPool.threadPriority" value="2"/>
  <add key="quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold" value="60000"/>
  <add key="quartz.jobStore.type" value="Quartz.Simpl.RAMJobStore, Quartz"/>
 <!--******************************Plugin配置********************************************* -->
 <add key="quartz.plugin.xml.type" value="Quartz.Plugin.Xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin, Quartz" />
 <add key="quartz.plugin.xml.fileNames" value="quartz_jobs.xml"/> 
 </quartz>

quartz.config 中plugin配置指向（quartz.plugin.xml.type / quartz.plugin.xml.fileNames）

# You can configure your scheduler in either <quartz> configuration section
# or in quartz properties file
# Configuration section has precedence

quartz.scheduler.instanceName = ServerScheduler

# configure thread pool info
quartz.threadPool.type = Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz
quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10
quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = Normal

#--------------------------------*************plugin配置------------------------------------
# job initialization plugin handles our xml reading, without it defaults are used
quartz.plugin.xml.type = Quartz.Plugin.Xml.XMLSchedulingDataProcessorPlugin, Quartz
quartz.plugin.xml.fileNames = ~/quartz_jobs.xml

# export this server to remoting context
quartz.scheduler.exporter.type = Quartz.Simpl.RemotingSchedulerExporter, Quartz
quartz.scheduler.exporter.port = 555
quartz.scheduler.exporter.bindName = QuartzScheduler
quartz.scheduler.exporter.channelType = tcp
quartz.scheduler.exporter.channelName = httpQuartz

二、基于代码的方式

这种情况直接通过代码实现的，官方DEMO很多都是如此，我们举个例子

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text; using Quartz;
using Quartz.Impl;
using System.Threading;
using Common.Logging;

namespace Demo
{
 class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
   ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Demo.HelloJob));

   log.Info("------- Initializing ----------------------");

   // First we must get a reference to a scheduler
   ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
   IScheduler sched = sf.GetScheduler();

   log.Info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");


   //---------------------------------------代码添加job和trigger
   // computer a time that is on the next round minute
   DateTimeOffset runTime = DateBuilder.EvenMinuteDate(DateTimeOffset.UtcNow);

   log.Info("------- Scheduling Job -------------------");

   // define the job and tie it to our HelloJob class
   IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<HelloJob>()
    .WithIdentity("job1", "group1")
    .Build();

   // Trigger the job to run on the next round minute
   ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
    .WithIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
    .StartAt(runTime)
    .Build();

   // Tell quartz to schedule the job using our trigger
   sched.ScheduleJob(job, trigger);
   log.Info(string.Format("{0} will run at: {1}", job.Key, runTime.ToString("r")));

   // Start up the scheduler (nothing can actually run until the 
   // scheduler has been started)
   sched.Start();
   log.Info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");

   // wait long enough so that the scheduler as an opportunity to 
   // run the job!
   log.Info("------- Waiting 65 seconds... -------------");

   // wait 65 seconds to show jobs
   Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(65));

   // shut down the scheduler
   log.Info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");
   sched.Shutdown(true);
   log.Info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");
  }
 }
}

其实代码方式已经实现了和配置文件混搭的方式了。但是这种对方式是通过配置关联加载job与trigger配置，我们还有第三种方式，自己加载job与trigger配置文件。

三、手动加载配置文件

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text; 
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Xml;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Quartz.Simpl;
using System.Threading;
using Common.Logging;
using System.IO;

namespace Demo
{
 class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {    
   XMLSchedulingDataProcessor processor = new XMLSchedulingDataProcessor(new SimpleTypeLoadHelper());
   ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
   IScheduler scheduler = sf.GetScheduler();

   Stream s = new StreamReader("~/quartz.xml").BaseStream;
   processor.ProcessStream(s, null);
   processor.ScheduleJobs(scheduler);

   scheduler.Start();
   scheduler.Shutdown();
   
  }
 }
}

亦或者这样 

using System.Text; 
using Quartz;
using Quartz.Xml;
using Quartz.Impl;
using Quartz.Simpl;
using System.Threading;
using Common.Logging;
using System.IO;

namespace Demo
{
 class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {    
   XMLSchedulingDataProcessor processor = new XMLSchedulingDataProcessor(new SimpleTypeLoadHelper());
   ISchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
   IScheduler scheduler = sf.GetScheduler();

   
   processor.ProcessFileAndScheduleJobs("~/quartz.xml",scheduler);
   
   scheduler.Start();
   scheduler.Shutdown();
   
  }
 }
}

目前根据源码分析大致就这几种配置方式，很灵活可以任意组合。 关于quartz的使用源码很详细，并且园子量有大量的学习文章。

记住quartz的配置读取方式首先app.config/web.config ---->quartz.config/Quartz.quartz.config ---->quartz_jobs.xml .

通过代码方式我们可以改变quartz_jobs.xml 的指向即自己新命名的xml文件  

（默认的quartz_jobs.xml是在XMLSchedulingDataProcessor.QuartzXmlFileName = "quartz_jobs.xml"被指定的）

方式一，通过quartz节点/quartz.config指向指定的jobs.xml。

方式二，通过XMLSchedulingDataProcessor 加载指定的jobs.xml 

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