linux及git记录

清空Github上某个文件的历史

git filter-branch --force --index-filter 'git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch app/img/*' --prune-empty --tag-name-filter cat -- --all

git push origin master --force

rm -rf .git/refs/original/

git reflog expire --expire=now --all

git gc --prune=now

git gc --aggressive --prune=now

使用 iconv 对大文件编码转换 GB2312 - UTF8

iconv -f gb2312 -t utf-8//IGNORE av-ed2k-合集.data > 日语教学.txtwc -l 日语教学.txt av-ed2k-合集.data

Nginx 上限制单 IP 单位时间的请求数，以及单 IP 的并发连接数

http {

limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=8r/s;

server {
    location /search/ {
        limit_req zone=one burst=5;
    }

使用 Nginx 限制页面访问权限

sudo apt-get install apache2-utils
sudo htpasswd -c /etc/nginx/.htpasswd myusername
server {
  listen       80;
  server_name  ip_address;

  location /backend {
      root   /var/www/sunzhongwei.com;
      index  index.html index.htm;

      auth_basic "Restricted";                                
      auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;  
  }
}

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload

命令行登陆github

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "邮件"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/MZero/.ssh/id_rsa):

登陆github。点击右上角的 Account Settings—>SSH and GPG keys —> new SSH key
$ ssh -T git@github.com
若有You’ve successfully authenticated提示,说明成功了

git pull/push项目的时候总是提示要输入用户名密码的解决方案

git config --global credential.helper store

服务器设置允许mysql远程登录

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
service iptables restart
grant all on aaa.* to "root"@xx .yy.zz.cc identified by "123";
flush privileges;
grant all on aaa.* to "root"@"%" identified by "123";

ssh 配置秘钥登录

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "you@homestead"

$ sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AuthorizeKeyFile ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
service sshd restart
将公钥文件的内容追加到 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 文件中,并且将文件权限置成 600
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

$ vim .bash_profile
alias c14='ssh [username]@[server_ip] (-i ~/.ssh/[私钥文件])'
$ source .bash_profile
$ c14

Nginx 报 502 的解决思路

nginx报错，查看nginx日志排错
nginx报502 bad gate way一般是因为没有配置好php-fpm
修改nginx或者php-fpm配置文件之后重启生效

nginx 添加 https 和 http2 模块支持

curl https://nginx.org/download/ng... |\
tar xzf - && cd nginx-* # get latest nginx & extract it
./configure [old_config_arguments] --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module # 前面 [old_config_arguments] 可以从 nginx -V 里 copy
make
sudo make install
listen 443 ssl http2;
ssl_certificate /home/brook/ssl/chained.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /home/brook/ssl/domain.key;
ssl_dhparam /home/brook/ssl/dhparams.pem;
ssl_ciphers EECDH+CHACHA20:EECDH+CHACHA20-draft:EECDH+AES128:RSA+AES128:EECDH+AES256:RSA+AES256:EECDH+3DES:RSA+ 3DES:!MD5;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
ssl_session_timeout 1d;
ssl_session_tickets on;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=31536000;
service reload nginx

pphpmyadmin 缺少 mcrypt 扩展

sudo apt-get install php-mcrypt libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel
sudo ln -s /etc/php5/mods-available/mcrypt.ini 20-mcrypt.ini
sudo service apache2 restart

curl命令查看请求响应时间方法

curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{time_namelookup}::%{time_connect}::%{time_starttransfer}::%{time_total}::%{speed_download}"n" http://www.36nu.com

0.014::0.015::0.018::0.019::1516256.00

用github来展示你的前端页面

创建项目新建gh-pages分支 通过 http://(user_name|org_name).g... 访问
一种更加简便的方式来实现：将代码上传至仓库后在settings里配置下GitHub Pages为你想展示的分支就行了