生成两个日期之间的日期列表
在各种数据处理场景中,获取两个日期之间的日期列表是一个常见需求。标准的MySQL函数对此功能的选项有限。
生成日期列表的一种有效方法是利用存储过程填充临时表。这是一个可用的详细过程:
<code class="language-sql">CREATE PROCEDURE make_intervals(startdate timestamp, enddate timestamp, intval integer, unitval varchar(10)) BEGIN DECLARE thisDate timestamp; DECLARE nextDate timestamp; SET thisDate = startdate; DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS time_intervals; CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS time_intervals ( interval_start timestamp, interval_end timestamp ); REPEAT CASE unitval WHEN 'MICROSECOND' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(MICROSECOND, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'SECOND' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(SECOND, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'MINUTE' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(MINUTE, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'HOUR' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'DAY' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'WEEK' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(WEEK, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'MONTH' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'QUARTER' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(QUARTER, intval, thisDate) WHEN 'YEAR' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(YEAR, intval, thisDate) END; INSERT INTO time_intervals SELECT thisDate, TIMESTAMPADD(MICROSECOND, -1, nextDate); SET thisDate = nextDate; UNTIL thisDate >= enddate END REPEAT; END;</code>
使用方法:
make_intervals
存储过程。例如,要生成'2009-01-01 00:00:00'和'2009-01-10 00:00:00'之间的每日间隔,请调用:<code class="language-sql">CALL make_intervals('2009-01-01 00:00:00', '2009-01-10 00:00:00', 1, 'DAY');</code>
time_intervals
表连接,以根据日期间隔聚合数据。例如:<code class="language-sql">SELECT aggregate_function(your_data_table.column_name) AS aggregated_value, time_intervals.interval_start AS date FROM your_data_table LEFT JOIN time_intervals ON (your_data_table.date_column BETWEEN time_intervals.interval_start AND time_intervals.interval_end) GROUP BY time_intervals.interval_start;</code>
示例输出:
<code>+----------------------------+----------+ | aggregated_value | date | +----------------------------+----------+ | 值1 | 2009-01-01 | | 值2 | 2009-01-02 | | 值3 | 2009-01-03 | | 值4 | 2009-01-04 | | 值5 | 2009-01-05 | | 值6 | 2009-01-06 | | 值7 | 2009-01-07 | | 值8 | 2009-01-08 | | 值9 | 2009-01-09 | +----------------------------+----------+</code>
这种方法提供了一种灵活的方式来生成两个指定日期之间的日期列表,从而能够根据日期间隔方便有效地进行数据聚合。
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