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如何使用存储过程在 MySQL 中生成两个日期之间的日期列表?

Patricia Arquette
Patricia Arquette原创
2025-01-22 04:49:09196浏览

How Can I Generate a List of Dates Between Two Dates in MySQL Using a Stored Procedure?

生成两个日期之间的日期列表

在各种数据处理场景中,获取两个日期之间的日期列表是一个常见需求。标准的MySQL函数对此功能的选项有限。

生成日期列表的一种有效方法是利用存储过程填充临时表。这是一个可用的详细过程:

<code class="language-sql">CREATE PROCEDURE make_intervals(startdate timestamp, enddate timestamp, intval integer, unitval varchar(10))
BEGIN
    DECLARE thisDate timestamp;
    DECLARE nextDate timestamp;
    SET thisDate = startdate;

    DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS time_intervals;
    CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS time_intervals
        (
        interval_start timestamp,
        interval_end timestamp
        );

    REPEAT
        CASE unitval
            WHEN 'MICROSECOND' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(MICROSECOND, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'SECOND' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(SECOND, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'MINUTE' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(MINUTE, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'HOUR' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'DAY' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'WEEK' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(WEEK, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'MONTH' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'QUARTER' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(QUARTER, intval, thisDate)
            WHEN 'YEAR' THEN SET nextDate = TIMESTAMPADD(YEAR, intval, thisDate)
        END;

        INSERT INTO time_intervals SELECT thisDate, TIMESTAMPADD(MICROSECOND, -1, nextDate);
        SET thisDate = nextDate;
    UNTIL thisDate >= enddate
    END REPEAT;

END;</code>

使用方法:

  1. 使用起始日期、结束日期、间隔长度和间隔单位调用make_intervals存储过程。例如,要生成'2009-01-01 00:00:00'和'2009-01-10 00:00:00'之间的每日间隔,请调用:
<code class="language-sql">CALL make_intervals('2009-01-01 00:00:00', '2009-01-10 00:00:00', 1, 'DAY');</code>
  1. 将您的数据表与time_intervals表连接,以根据日期间隔聚合数据。例如:
<code class="language-sql">SELECT
    aggregate_function(your_data_table.column_name) AS aggregated_value,
    time_intervals.interval_start AS date
FROM your_data_table
LEFT JOIN time_intervals ON (your_data_table.date_column BETWEEN time_intervals.interval_start AND time_intervals.interval_end)
GROUP BY time_intervals.interval_start;</code>

示例输出:

<code>+----------------------------+----------+
| aggregated_value | date       |
+----------------------------+----------+
| 值1                  | 2009-01-01 |
| 值2                  | 2009-01-02 |
| 值3                  | 2009-01-03 |
| 值4                  | 2009-01-04 |
| 值5                  | 2009-01-05 |
| 值6                  | 2009-01-06 |
| 值7                  | 2009-01-07 |
| 值8                  | 2009-01-08 |
| 值9                  | 2009-01-09 |
+----------------------------+----------+</code>

这种方法提供了一种灵活的方式来生成两个指定日期之间的日期列表,从而能够根据日期间隔方便有效地进行数据聚合。

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