在 HttpClient 中记录请求/响应消息
本文解决了使用 HttpClient 时记录请求和响应消息的需要。它重点介绍通过 HttpClient 的 PostAsJsonAsync 方法记录实际 JSON 内容的实用方法。
解决方案:
为了记录 JSON 内容,我们使用名为 LoggingHandler 的 DelegatingHandler 。拦截发生在请求到达 HttpClientHandler 之前,从而能够访问 JSON 数据。 ObjectContent 的内部格式化程序生成 LoggingHandler 的 ReadAsStringAsync 方法捕获的 JSON 表示形式。
LoggingHandler 类的实现如下:
public class LoggingHandler : DelegatingHandler { public LoggingHandler(HttpMessageHandler innerHandler) : base(innerHandler) { } protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { Console.WriteLine("Request:"); Console.WriteLine(request.ToString()); if (request.Content != null) { Console.WriteLine(await request.Content.ReadAsStringAsync()); } Console.WriteLine(); HttpResponseMessage response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken); Console.WriteLine("Response:"); Console.WriteLine(response.ToString()); if (response.Content != null) { Console.WriteLine(await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync()); } Console.WriteLine(); return response; } }
此 LoggingHandler 必须与 HttpClient 链接:
HttpClient client = new HttpClient(new LoggingHandler(new HttpClientHandler())); HttpResponseMessage response = client.PostAsJsonAsync(baseAddress + "/api/values", "Hello, World!").Result;
结果输出演示了请求和响应消息的日志记录,包括 JSON 内容发布:
Request: Method: POST, RequestUri: 'http://kirandesktop:9095/api/values', Version: 1.1, Content: System.Net.Http.ObjectContent`1[ [System.String, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]], Headers: { Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 } "Hello, World!" Response: StatusCode: 200, ReasonPhrase: 'OK', Version: 1.1, Content: System.Net.Http.StreamContent, Headers: { Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2013 20:21:26 GMT Server: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0 Content-Length: 15 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 } "Hello, World!"
该技术为 HttpClient 请求和响应提供了详细的日志记录机制,有助于调试和监控 HTTP 通信。
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