使用 HttpClient 记录 HTTP 请求和响应消息
当您需要使用 HttpClient 捕获 HTTP 通信过程中的请求和响应消息时,日志记录变得至关重要。考虑以下代码片段:
var response = await client.PostAsJsonAsync(url, entity); if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode) { return await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<T>(); }
现在,让我们探讨如何获取“实体”对象中发送的 JSON 负载,而无需手动序列化它。
解决方案:自定义日志记录Handler
要拦截并记录请求和响应消息,您可以创建一个自定义日志记录处理程序来包装HttpClientHandler。该处理程序将在 HttpClientHandler 处理请求之前拦截请求。示例实现可以是:
public class LoggingHandler : DelegatingHandler { public LoggingHandler(HttpMessageHandler innerHandler) : base(innerHandler) { } protected override async Task<HttpResponseMessage> SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { Console.WriteLine("Request:"); Console.WriteLine(request.ToString()); if (request.Content != null) { Console.WriteLine(await request.Content.ReadAsStringAsync()); } Console.WriteLine(); HttpResponseMessage response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken); Console.WriteLine("Response:"); Console.WriteLine(response.ToString()); if (response.Content != null) { Console.WriteLine(await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync()); } Console.WriteLine(); return response; } }
在此处理程序中:
将日志处理程序与 HttpClient 链接
要使用日志处理程序,您需要将其链接到您的HttpClient:
HttpClient client = new HttpClient(new LoggingHandler(new HttpClientHandler())); HttpResponseMessage response = client.PostAsJsonAsync(baseAddress + "/api/values", "Hello, World!").Result;
示例输出
上述代码的输出如下所示:
Request: Method: POST, RequestUri: 'http://kirandesktop:9095/api/values', Version: 1.1, Content: System.Net.Http.ObjectContent`1[[System.String, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]], Headers: { Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 } "Hello, World!" Response: StatusCode: 200, ReasonPhrase: 'OK', Version: 1.1, Content: System.Net.Http.StreamContent, Headers: { Date: Fri, 20 Sep 2013 20:21:26 GMT Server: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0 Content-Length: 15 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 } "Hello, World!"
通过利用这种方法,您可以在使用 HttpClient 进行 HTTP 调用期间有效地记录请求和响应 JSON 消息,为调试和故障排除提供有价值的见解。
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