UNION 和 UNION ALL 是用于组合两个或多个 SELECT 语句结果的 SQL 运算符。虽然它们的用途相似,但处理重复行的方式有所不同。
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1 UNION SELECT column1, column2 FROM table2;
CustomerID | Name |
---|---|
1 | Alice |
2 | Bob |
CustomerID | Name |
---|---|
2 | Bob |
3 | Charlie |
查询:
SELECT Name FROM Customers_USA UNION SELECT Name FROM Customers_UK;
Name |
---|
Alice |
Bob |
Charlie |
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1 UNION ALL SELECT column1, column2 FROM table2;
使用相同的表 Customers_USA 和 Customers_UK:
查询:
SELECT Name FROM Customers_USA UNION ALL SELECT Name FROM Customers_UK;
Name |
---|
Alice |
Bob |
Bob |
Charlie |
Feature | UNION | UNION ALL |
---|---|---|
Duplicates | Removes duplicate rows. | Retains all rows, including duplicates. |
Performance | Slower due to duplicate removal. | Faster since no duplicate-checking. |
Use Case | When duplicates must be eliminated. | When duplicates are acceptable or necessary. |
Sorting | Implicit sorting (deduplication). | No implicit sorting. |
何时使用?
当您想要从组合查询中获得一组唯一的记录时。 示例:合并来自不同地区的客户列表,同时确保不重复。
结论
以上是SQL UNION 与 UNION ALL:主要差异解释的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章!