在运行时修改注释参数值
想象一下,遇到一个带有用特定参数值修饰的注释的类,并且您希望更改它运行时的值。在已经加载到JVM中的编译类中更改注释参数值是否可行?
解决方案:
是的,可以修改注释参数运行时的值。可以采用以下方法:
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static Object changeAnnotationValue(Annotation annotation, String key, Object newValue) { Object handler = Proxy.getInvocationHandler(annotation); Field f; try { f = handler.getClass().getDeclaredField("memberValues"); } catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException e) { throw new IllegalStateException(e); } f.setAccessible(true); Map<String, Object> memberValues; try { memberValues = (Map<String, Object>) f.get(handler); } catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException e) { throw new IllegalStateException(e); } Object oldValue = memberValues.get(key); if (oldValue == null || oldValue.getClass() != newValue.getClass()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(); } memberValues.put(key, newValue); return oldValue; }
用法:
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target(ElementType.TYPE) public @interface ClassAnnotation { String value() default ""; } @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target(ElementType.FIELD) public @interface FieldAnnotation { String value() default ""; } @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target(ElementType.METHOD) public @interface MethodAnnotation { String value() default ""; } @ClassAnnotation("class test") public static class TestClass { @FieldAnnotation("field test") public Object field; @MethodAnnotation("method test") public void method() {} } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { final ClassAnnotation classAnnotation = TestClass.class.getAnnotation(ClassAnnotation.class); System.out.println("old ClassAnnotation = " + classAnnotation.value()); changeAnnotationValue(classAnnotation, "value", "another class annotation value"); System.out.println("modified ClassAnnotation = " + classAnnotation.value()); Field field = TestClass.class.getField("field"); final FieldAnnotation fieldAnnotation = field.getAnnotation(FieldAnnotation.class); System.out.println("old FieldAnnotation = " + fieldAnnotation.value()); changeAnnotationValue(fieldAnnotation, "value", "another field annotation value"); System.out.println("modified FieldAnnotation = " + fieldAnnotation.value()); Method method = TestClass.class.getMethod("method"); final MethodAnnotation methodAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(MethodAnnotation.class); System.out.println("old MethodAnnotation = " + methodAnnotation.value()); changeAnnotationValue(methodAnnotation, "value", "another method annotation value"); System.out.println("modified MethodAnnotation = " + methodAnnotation.value()); }
此方法通过直接修改注释的内部表示来操作。因此,后续反射调用将检索更改后的参数值。它的优点是不需要创建新的注释实例,从而消除了对特定注释类的先验知识的需要。此外,通过保持原始注释实例不变,可以最大限度地减少副作用。
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