本教程介绍了如何将 SQLite 集成到使用独立组件和信号的 Angular 18 应用程序中。我们将使用 @capacitor-community/sqlite 插件为 Android 和 iOS 平台启用 SQLite 功能。
确保您已安装以下软件:
运行以下命令来安装必要的依赖项:
npm install @capacitor-community/sqlite npx cap sync
这些命令安装 SQLite 插件并将更改与本机平台同步。
数据库逻辑将封装在服务中,以提高可维护性。
// src/app/services/database.service.ts import { Injectable } from '@angular/core'; import { CapacitorSQLite, SQLiteConnection, SQLiteDBConnection } from '@capacitor-community/sqlite'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root', }) export class DatabaseService { private sqlite: SQLiteConnection; private db: SQLiteDBConnection | null = null; constructor() { this.sqlite = new SQLiteConnection(CapacitorSQLite); } async initializeDatabase(): Promise<void> { try { // Check connection consistency const retCC = (await this.sqlite.checkConnectionsConsistency()).result; // Check is connected const isConnection = (await this.sqlite.isConnection('appDB', false)).result; if (!isConnection && !retCC) { // Create a new connection this.db = await this.sqlite.createConnection('appDB', false, 'no-encryption', 1, false); await this.db.open(); await this.createTables(); } else { // Retrieve existing connection this.db = await this.sqlite.retrieveConnection('appDB', false); await this.db.open(); } } catch (error) { console.error('Error initializing the database:', error); } } private async createTables(): Promise<void> { if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database connection is not open'); const createTableQuery = ` CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, name TEXT NOT NULL, age INTEGER NOT NULL ); `; await this.db.execute(createTableQuery); } async addUser(name: string, age: number): Promise<void> { if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database connection is not open'); const insertQuery = `INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (?, ?);`; await this.db.run(insertQuery, [name, age]); } async getUsers(): Promise<any[]> { if (!this.db) throw new Error('Database connection is not open'); const result = await this.db.query('SELECT * FROM users;'); return result.values || []; } async closeDatabase(): Promise<void> { if (this.db) { await this.sqlite.closeConnection('appDB'); this.db = null; } } }
在应用程序的根组件中,初始化 DatabaseService。
// src/app/app.component.ts import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; import { DatabaseService } from './services/database.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-root', templateUrl: './app.component.html', }) export class AppComponent implements OnDestroy, AfterViewInit { constructor(private databaseService: DatabaseService) {} // Important: Initialize the database connection when the component is created async ngAfterViewInit() { await this.databaseService.initializeDatabase(); } // Important: Close the database connection when the component is destroyed async ngOnDestroy() { await this.databaseService.closeDatabase(); } }
您现在可以在任何组件中使用DatabaseService来执行CRUD操作。
// src/app/components/user-list/user-list.component.ts import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; import { DatabaseService } from '../../services/database.service'; @Component({ selector: 'app-user-list', templateUrl: './user-list.component.html', }) export class UserListComponent implements OnInit { users: any[] = []; constructor(private databaseService: DatabaseService) {} async ngOnInit() { await this.databaseService.addUser('Max Mustermann', 25); await this.databaseService.addUser('Erika Musterfrau', 30); this.users = await this.databaseService.getUsers(); } }
通过这些步骤,您已成功使用 CapacitorJS 将 SQLite 集成到 Angular 18 独立应用程序中。此实现确保连接一致性并将数据库操作封装在可重用服务中。
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