如何在 C/C 编译时可靠地检测 CPU 架构？

编译时检测 CPU 架构：综合指南

开发 C 或 C 代码时，确定编​​译时的目标 CPU 架构是对于确保最佳性能和兼容性至关重要。然而，不同的编译器使用自己的一组预处理器定义，这使得建立通用方法变得具有挑战性。

幸运的是，存在一种综合方法可以在编译时检测 CPU 架构，从而无需依赖非- 标准定义。这是一个可靠的解决方案：

extern "C" {
    const char *getBuild() {
        #if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)
        return "x86_64";
        #elif defined(i386) || defined(__i386__) || defined(__i386) || defined(_M_IX86)
        return "x86_32";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_2__)
        return "ARM2";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_3__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_3M__)
        return "ARM3";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_4T__) || defined(__TARGET_ARM_4T)
        return "ARM4T";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_5_) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_5E_)
        return "ARM5";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6T2_) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6T2_)
        return "ARM6T2";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6J__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6K__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6Z__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6ZK__)
        return "ARM6";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7A";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7R";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__)
        return "ARM7M";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7S";
        #elif defined(__aarch64__) || defined(_M_ARM64)
        return "ARM64";
        #elif defined(mips) || defined(__mips__) || defined(__mips)
        return "MIPS";
        #elif defined(__sh__)
        return "SUPERH";
        #elif defined(__powerpc) || defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__POWERPC__) || defined(__ppc__) || defined(__PPC__) || defined(_ARCH_PPC)
        return "POWERPC";
        #elif defined(__PPC64__) || defined(__ppc64__) || defined(_ARCH_PPC64)
        return "POWERPC64";
        #elif defined(__sparc__) || defined(__sparc)
        return "SPARC";
        #elif defined(__m68k__)
        return "M68K";
        #else
        return "UNKNOWN";
        #endif
    }
}

此代码可检测各种 CPU 架构，涵盖现代和传统平台。它依赖于标准预处理器定义，确保与各种编译器的兼容性。通过将此功能合并到您的代码中，您可以在编译过程中准确确定目标架构，从而使您能够相应地优化代码并避免特定于平台的问题。

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