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如何在编译时检测CPU架构？

Barbara Streisand原创: 2024-11-07 11:10:03723浏览

How Can I Detect CPU Architecture at Compile Time?

在编译时确定 CPU 架构

识别 CPU 架构对于代码优化和特定于硬件的操作至关重要。然而，不同的编译器为此目的使用不同的预处理器定义，例如 MSVS 的“_M_X86”和 GCC 的“__i386__”。

是否有架构检测的标准方法？

遗憾的是，在编译过程中没有确定CPU架构的标准方法。编译器实现自己的方法来表示此信息。

架构定义的综合列表

虽然不存在标准化的定义列表，但有多种资源可用于帮助识别与特定编译器相关的定义：

编译器文档：有关支持的预处理器定义的信息，请参阅特定编译器的文档。
在线资源：“Github.com”或“Stack Overflow”等网站通常提供有关特定于编译器的架构定义的见解。

架构检测的综合代码示例

以下代码片段提供了一种在编译期间确定 CPU 架构的综合方法，涵盖了各种架构：

extern "C" {
    const char *getBuild() { //Get current architecture, detectx nearly every architecture. Coded by Freak
        #if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_X64)
        return "x86_64";
        #elif defined(i386) || defined(__i386__) || defined(__i386) || defined(_M_IX86)
        return "x86_32";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_2__)
        return "ARM2";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_3__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_3M__)
        return "ARM3";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_4T__) || defined(__TARGET_ARM_4T)
        return "ARM4T";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_5_) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_5E_)
        return "ARM5"
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6T2_) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6T2_)
        return "ARM6T2";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6J__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6K__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6Z__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6ZK__)
        return "ARM6";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7A";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7R";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__)
        return "ARM7M";
        #elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
        return "ARM7S";
        #elif defined(__aarch64__) || defined(_M_ARM64)
        return "ARM64";
        #elif defined(mips) || defined(__mips__) || defined(__mips)
        return "MIPS";
        #elif defined(__sh__)
        return "SUPERH";
        #elif defined(__powerpc) || defined(__powerpc__) || defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__POWERPC__) || defined(__ppc__) || defined(__PPC__) || defined(_ARCH_PPC)
        return "POWERPC";
        #elif defined(__PPC64__) || defined(__ppc64__) || defined(_ARCH_PPC64)
        return "POWERPC64";
        #elif defined(__sparc__) || defined(__sparc)
        return "SPARC";
        #elif defined(__m68k__)
        return "M68K";
        #else
        return "UNKNOWN";
        #endif
    }
}

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