如何在 Java 中使用轴和标签注释 PNG 文件
向现有 PNG 图像添加轴和标签可能具有挑战性。建议在图表创建过程中集成注释,而不是尝试可能导致错误和不一致的修改。
使用 JFreeChart 自定义轴和标签
JFreeChart 提供用于自定义图表外观(包括轴和标签)的综合 API。以下示例说明了如何使用定制注释创建自定义图表:
<code class="java">import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.EventQueue; import java.awt.Shape; import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random; import javax.swing.JFrame; import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory; import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel; import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart; import org.jfree.chart.axis.ValueAxis; import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation; import org.jfree.chart.plot.XYPlot; import org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYLineAndShapeRenderer; import org.jfree.data.xy.XYDataset; import org.jfree.data.xy.XYSeries; import org.jfree.data.xy.XYSeriesCollection; public class ResponseTime { private static final int N = 600; private static final String title = "ResponseTime"; private static final Random random = new Random(); private static final Shape circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(-3, -3, 6, 6); private static final Color line = Color.gray; private ChartPanel createPanel() { JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createXYLineChart( title, "Elapsed Time (secs)", "Response Time (secs)", createDataset(), PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, false); XYPlot plot = chart.getXYPlot(); MyRenderer renderer = new MyRenderer(true, true, N); plot.setRenderer(renderer); renderer.setSeriesShape(0, circle); renderer.setSeriesPaint(0, line); renderer.setUseFillPaint(true); renderer.setSeriesShapesFilled(0, true); renderer.setSeriesShapesVisible(0, true); renderer.setUseOutlinePaint(true); renderer.setSeriesOutlinePaint(0, line); ValueAxis range = plot.getRangeAxis(); range.setLowerBound(0.5); return new ChartPanel(chart); } private static class MyRenderer extends XYLineAndShapeRenderer { private List<Color> clut; public MyRenderer(boolean lines, boolean shapes, int n) { super(lines, shapes); clut = new ArrayList<>(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { clut.add(Color.getHSBColor((float) i / n, 1, 1)); } } @Override public Paint getItemFillPaint(int row, int column) { return clut.get(column); } } private XYDataset createDataset() { XYSeriesCollection result = new XYSeriesCollection(); XYSeries series = new XYSeries("Series 1"); for (double x = 0; x < N - 1; x++) { series.add(x, f(x)); } series.add(25, 1.75); // outlier result.addSeries(series); return result; } private double f(double x) { double y = 0.004 * x + .75; return y + random.nextGaussian() * y / 10; } private void display() { JFrame f = new JFrame(title); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.add(createPanel()); f.pack(); f.setLocationRelativeTo(null); f.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { new ResponseTime().display(); } }); } }</code>
此方法允许您控制图表的各个方面,包括轴、标签和绘图元素的样式和位置。
对单个项目进行颜色编码
为了对单个项目进行颜色编码,JFreeChart 在 XYLineAndShapeRenderer 类中提供了 getItemFillPaint() 方法。使用方法如下:
<code class="java">private static class MyRenderer extends XYLineAndShapeRenderer { private List<Color> clut; public MyRenderer(boolean lines, boolean shapes, int n) { super(lines, shapes); clut = new ArrayList<>(n); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { clut.add(Color.getHSBColor((float) i / n, 1, 1)); } } @Override public Paint getItemFillPaint(int row, int column) { return clut.get(column); } }</code>
通过重写此方法,您可以为图表中的每个项目指定自定义颜色。 Color.getHSBColor() 方法用于生成全光谱。
通过遵循这些技术,您可以创建带有注释的自定义图表,以满足您的特定要求。
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