在 PHP 中获取所有可能的组合:综合解决方案
从一维数组中检索所有可能的组合可能是一项复杂的任务,尤其是当考虑组合和排列。虽然解决这个问题的方法有很多种,但一种高效的解决方案是实现递归函数。
递归函数 depth_picker() 对数组执行深度优先搜索,探索所有分支并将元素组合起来组合。它维护一个临时字符串,该字符串会随着每个元素的变化而逐渐修改,而收集数组则存储最终的组合。让我们看看这个函数是如何运行的:
实现和执行
要实现这种深度优先搜索和组合检索,可以使用以下 PHP 代码:
<code class="php"><?php $array = array('Alpha', 'Beta', 'Gamma', 'Sigma'); function depth_picker($arr, $temp_string, &$collect) { if ($temp_string != "") $collect []= $temp_string; for ($i=0, $iMax = sizeof($arr); $i < $iMax; $i++) { $arrcopy = $arr; $elem = array_splice($arrcopy, $i, 1); // removes and returns the i'th element if (sizeof($arrcopy) > 0) { depth_picker($arrcopy, $temp_string ." " . $elem[0], $collect); } else { $collect []= $temp_string. " " . $elem[0]; } } } $collect = array(); depth_picker($array, "", $collect); print_r($collect); ?></code>
执行后,此代码输出以下所有可能组合和排列的数组:
Array ( [0] => Alpha [1] => Alpha Beta [2] => Alpha Beta Gamma [3] => Alpha Beta Gamma Sigma [4] => Alpha Beta Sigma [5] => Alpha Beta Sigma Gamma [6] => Alpha Gamma [7] => Alpha Gamma Beta [8] => Alpha Gamma Beta Sigma [9] => Alpha Gamma Sigma [10] => Alpha Gamma Sigma Beta [11] => Alpha Sigma [12] => Alpha Sigma Beta [13] => Alpha Sigma Beta Gamma [14] => Alpha Sigma Gamma [15] => Alpha Sigma Gamma Beta [16] => Beta [17] => Beta Alpha [18] => Beta Alpha Gamma [19] => Beta Alpha Gamma Sigma [20] => Beta Alpha Sigma [21] => Beta Alpha Sigma Gamma [22] => Beta Gamma [23] => Beta Gamma Alpha [24] => Beta Gamma Alpha Sigma [25] => Beta Gamma Sigma [26] => Beta Gamma Sigma Alpha [27] => Beta Sigma [28] => Beta Sigma Alpha [29] => Beta Sigma Alpha Gamma [30] => Beta Sigma Gamma [31] => Beta Sigma Gamma Alpha [32] => Gamma [33] => Gamma Alpha [34] => Gamma Alpha Beta [35] => Gamma Alpha Beta Sigma [36] => Gamma Alpha Sigma [37] => Gamma Alpha Sigma Beta [38] => Gamma Beta [39] => Gamma Beta Alpha [40] => Gamma Beta Alpha Sigma [41] => Gamma Beta Sigma [42] => Gamma Beta Sigma Alpha [43] => Gamma Sigma [44] => Gamma Sigma Alpha [45] => Gamma Sigma Alpha Beta [46] => Gamma Sigma Beta [47] => Gamma Sigma Beta Alpha [48] => Sigma [49] => Sigma Alpha [50] => Sigma Alpha Beta [51] => Sigma Alpha Beta Gamma [52] => Sigma Alpha Gamma [53] => Sigma Alpha Gamma Beta [54] => Sigma Beta [55] => Sigma Beta Alpha [56] => Sigma Beta Alpha Gamma [57] => Sigma Beta Gamma [58] => Sigma Beta Gamma Alpha [59] => Sigma Gamma [60] => Sigma Gamma Alpha [61] => Sigma Gamma Alpha Beta [62] => Sigma Gamma Beta [63] => Sigma Gamma Beta Alpha )
此方法提供了全面且高效的解决方案用于获取数组中元素的所有可能组合,确保输出中包含组合和不同的排列。
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