使用 Python 的基本端口扫描器
- Linda Hamilton原创
- 2024-10-23 13:31:30255浏览
源代码请点击这里
这是基本的端口扫描工具，允许用户扫描主机以查找开放端口以及该端口上运行的服务...
首先让我们看一下代码，然后将其分解为几部分来分析......
import socket
from datetime import datetime
import sys
import os
def usage():
"""Prints the usage information for this script."""
usage_info = """
Tool Name: SimplePortScanner
Developed by : Bharath Kumar
Usage:
python3 port_scanner.py [options]
Options:
-h, --help Show this help message and exit.
-t, --target <ip> Specify the target hostname or IP address (required).
-p, --port <port> Specify a port (or) range of ports to scan (e.g. -p 80 (or) -p 1-1024).
Description:
This script performs a port scan on a specified hostname or IP address
for a specific port or a range of ports, checking which ports are open.
Examples:
python3 port_scanner.py -t example.com (or) 192.0.0.1
python3 port_scanner.py -t example.com (or) 192.168.1.1 -p 80
python3 port_scanner.py -t example.com (or) 192.168.1.1 --ports 1-1024
"""
print(usage_info)
start_time = datetime.now()
def scan_port(ip, port):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.settimeout(1)
try:
result = s.connect_ex((ip, port))
service = socket.getservbyport(int(port))
except:
service = "None"
if result == 0:
print(" Port: {}\t State: Open\t Service: {}".format(port, service))
else:
pass
s.close()
def host(target):
try:
ip = socket.gethostbyname(target)
print('_'*51)
print("[#] Resolved {} to {}".format(target,ip))
return ip
except:
print('_'*51)
print("[#] Error: Unable to resolve hostname {}".format(target))
sys.exit(1)
def check_host_up(ip):
ping = os.system("ping {} -c 1 > /dev/null".format(ip))
if ping == 0:
print("[#] {} host is up and running".format(ip))
return True
else:
print("[#] {} host is down".format(ip))
print("Exiting...")
exit()
return False
if __name__ == "__main__":
target_ip = None
start_port = 1
end_port = 65535
try:
for i, arg in enumerate(sys.argv):
if arg in ("-t", "--target"):
target_ip = sys.argv[i + 1]
elif arg in ("-p", "--ports"):
port_range = sys.argv[i + 1]
if "-" in port_range:
start_port, end_port = map(int, port_range.split('-'))
else:
start_port = end_port = int(port_range)
if target_ip is None:
print("[#] Error: Target hostname or IP address is required.")
usage()
sys.exit(1)
if start_port is None or end_port is None:
print("[#] Error: Port range is required.")
usage()
sys.exit(1)
target_ip = host(target_ip)
if not check_host_up(target_ip):
sys.exit(1)
print(f"[#] Scanning {target_ip} from port {start_port} to {end_port}...")
print("[#] Scanning started at: {}".format(start_time))
print('_'*51)
for port in range(start_port, end_port + 1):
scan_port(target_ip, port)
except (IndexError, ValueError):
print("[#] Error: Invalid arguments provided.")
usage()
sys.exit(1)
start_time = start_time.now() - start_time
print('_'*51)
print("Scanning is completed in ",start_time)
导入套接字：两个节点（服务器、客户端）相互通信的方式。
from datetime import datetime: 用于扫描所用的计算时间。
Import sys: 是对系统特定参数（argv）的访问。
导入os:用于执行ping命令。
def_usage(): 打印此脚本的使用信息。
start_time = datetime.now(): 用于获取当前时间和日期，以计算扫描所花费的时间。
def scan_port(ip, port):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.settimeout(1)
try:
result = s.connect_ex((ip, port))
service = socket.getservbyport(int(port))
except:
service = "None"
if result == 0:
print(" Port: {}\t State: Open\t Service: {}".format(port, service))
else:
pass
s.close()
此代码块定义函数 scan_port(ip, port)，用于检查给定 ip 地址上的特定端口是否使用套接字打开。
套接字创建： socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) 使用 TCP 为 IPv4 创建新套接字。
超时： s.settimeout(1) 将套接字时间设置为 1 秒，如果在该时间内连接未成功，它将停止尝试。
连接测试：s.connect_ex((ip, port))它尝试连接特定的ip和端口。如果成功，结果将为0；否则，它将是不同的值。
服务检测： socket.getservbyport(int(port))尝试检测指定端口上运行的服务。例如端口 80 的 HTTP。
错误处理：如果发生错误（例如，端口上没有服务）， except 块将服务设置为“None”。
输出：如果端口打开（结果== 0），则打印端口号、状态（“打开”）和服务名称。
连接关闭： s.close() 关闭套接字以释放资源。
def host(target):
try:
ip = socket.gethostbyname(target)
print('_'*51)
print("[#] Resolved {} to {}".format(target,ip))
return ip
except:
print('_'*51)
print("[#] Error: Unable to resolve hostname {}".format(target))
sys.exit(1)
此代码块定义了函数 host(target)，它使用 socket.gethostname() 将给定的目标（主机名）解析为其相应的 IP 地址
def check_host_up(ip):
ping = os.system("ping {} -c 1 > /dev/null".format(ip))
if ping == 0:
print("[#] {} host is up and running".format(ip))
return True
else:
print("[#] {} host is down".format(ip))
print("Exiting...")
exit()
return False
此函数 check_host_up(ip) 使用 os.system() ping 方法检查给定目标 ip 上的特定端口是打开还是关闭。
if __name__ == "__main__":
target_ip = None
start_port = 1
end_port = 65535
try:
for i, arg in enumerate(sys.argv):
if arg in ("-t", "--target"):
target_ip = sys.argv[i + 1]
elif arg in ("-p", "--ports"):
port_range = sys.argv[i + 1]
if "-" in port_range:
start_port, end_port = map(int, port_range.split('-'))
else:
start_port = end_port = int(port_range)
命令行参数解析
sys.argv 数组包含传递给脚本的参数列表。我们循环遍历这些参数来检查目标 IP（-t 或 --target）和端口范围（-p 或 --ports）。
目标IP/主机名存储在target_ip中。
端口范围被解析并分为 start_port 和 end_port。如果不指定范围，则默认扫描1到65535之间的所有端口。
import socket
from datetime import datetime
import sys
import os
def usage():
"""Prints the usage information for this script."""
usage_info = """
Tool Name: SimplePortScanner
Developed by : Bharath Kumar
Usage:
python3 port_scanner.py [options]
Options:
-h, --help Show this help message and exit.
-t, --target <ip> Specify the target hostname or IP address (required).
-p, --port <port> Specify a port (or) range of ports to scan (e.g. -p 80 (or) -p 1-1024).
Description:
This script performs a port scan on a specified hostname or IP address
for a specific port or a range of ports, checking which ports are open.
Examples:
python3 port_scanner.py -t example.com (or) 192.0.0.1
python3 port_scanner.py -t example.com (or) 192.168.1.1 -p 80
python3 port_scanner.py -t example.com (or) 192.168.1.1 --ports 1-1024
"""
print(usage_info)
start_time = datetime.now()
def scan_port(ip, port):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.settimeout(1)
try:
result = s.connect_ex((ip, port))
service = socket.getservbyport(int(port))
except:
service = "None"
if result == 0:
print(" Port: {}\t State: Open\t Service: {}".format(port, service))
else:
pass
s.close()
def host(target):
try:
ip = socket.gethostbyname(target)
print('_'*51)
print("[#] Resolved {} to {}".format(target,ip))
return ip
except:
print('_'*51)
print("[#] Error: Unable to resolve hostname {}".format(target))
sys.exit(1)
def check_host_up(ip):
ping = os.system("ping {} -c 1 > /dev/null".format(ip))
if ping == 0:
print("[#] {} host is up and running".format(ip))
return True
else:
print("[#] {} host is down".format(ip))
print("Exiting...")
exit()
return False
if __name__ == "__main__":
target_ip = None
start_port = 1
end_port = 65535
try:
for i, arg in enumerate(sys.argv):
if arg in ("-t", "--target"):
target_ip = sys.argv[i + 1]
elif arg in ("-p", "--ports"):
port_range = sys.argv[i + 1]
if "-" in port_range:
start_port, end_port = map(int, port_range.split('-'))
else:
start_port = end_port = int(port_range)
if target_ip is None:
print("[#] Error: Target hostname or IP address is required.")
usage()
sys.exit(1)
if start_port is None or end_port is None:
print("[#] Error: Port range is required.")
usage()
sys.exit(1)
target_ip = host(target_ip)
if not check_host_up(target_ip):
sys.exit(1)
print(f"[#] Scanning {target_ip} from port {start_port} to {end_port}...")
print("[#] Scanning started at: {}".format(start_time))
print('_'*51)
for port in range(start_port, end_port + 1):
scan_port(target_ip, port)
except (IndexError, ValueError):
print("[#] Error: Invalid arguments provided.")
usage()
sys.exit(1)
start_time = start_time.now() - start_time
print('_'*51)
print("Scanning is completed in ",start_time)
主机分辨率和可达性
一旦我们有了有效的IP地址，我们就需要检查主机是否可以访问。函数host(target_ip)将主机名解析为其IP地址，check_host_up(target_ip)验证主机是否在线。
def scan_port(ip, port):
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.settimeout(1)
try:
result = s.connect_ex((ip, port))
service = socket.getservbyport(int(port))
except:
service = "None"
if result == 0:
print(" Port: {}\t State: Open\t Service: {}".format(port, service))
else:
pass
s.close()
端口扫描
端口扫描功能的核心发生在循环内：
此循环迭代指定的端口范围，对于每个端口，函数 scan_port(target_ip, port) 探测端口以检查它是打开还是关闭。
结论
通过遵循本指南，您已经学习了如何构建一个简单的 Python 端口扫描器，该扫描器接受命令行参数、验证输入以及扫描给定目标上的一系列端口。虽然这是一个基本实现，但它为线程或服务检测等更高级的功能奠定了基础。
请随意调整和扩展此脚本以满足您的特定需求。祝扫描愉快！
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