有没有想过你的 Python 协程如何能够在不造成交通拥堵的情况下很好地协同工作?让我们深入了解异步事件和条件的异想天开的世界 - 阻止您的异步代码变成马戏团的无名英雄(除非您愿意)。
活动:大家都在等待的绿灯
将 asyncio.Event 视为代码中的红绿灯。协程排队并耐心(或不那么耐心)等待灯变绿,然后再缩小。
想象一下你和一群人(协程)在人行横道上。行人信号灯是红色的(事件未设置),所以每个人都在等待。当它变成绿色的那一刻(event.set()),整个团队一致前进。没有人愿意成为那个因为闯红灯而躲避汽车的人。
import asyncio async def pedestrian(event): print("Pedestrian is waiting for the signal.") await event.wait() print("Pedestrian crosses the street.") async def traffic_light(event): print("Traffic light is red.") await asyncio.sleep(2) event.set() print("Traffic light turns green.") async def main(): event = asyncio.Event() await asyncio.gather(pedestrian(event), traffic_light(event)) asyncio.run(main())
输出:
Pedestrian is waiting for the signal. Traffic light is red. Traffic light turns green. Pedestrian crosses the street.
条件:俱乐部 VIP 通行证
asyncio.Condition 就像高级俱乐部的保镖。你不仅需要俱乐部开放(有条件),还需要满足一定的条件(await condition.wait())。
尝试进入时尚夜店的照片。俱乐部(条件)容量有限,只有当其他人离开(满足条件)时,保镖才允许您进入。您可能会在外面等待,练习您最好的舞蹈动作(或尴尬地查看手机),直到获得认可。
import asyncio async def clubber(condition, name): async with condition: print(f"{name} wants to enter the club.") await condition.wait() print(f"{name} enters the club.") async def bouncer(condition): await asyncio.sleep(2) async with condition: print("Bouncer signals someone can enter.") condition.notify() async def main(): condition = asyncio.Condition() await asyncio.gather( clubber(condition, "Alice"), clubber(condition, "Bob"), bouncer(condition) ) asyncio.run(main())
输出:
Alice wants to enter the club. Bob wants to enter the club. Bouncer signals someone can enter. Alice enters the club.
在此示例中,只有一名俱乐部成员可以进入俱乐部,因为保镖只向一个人发出信号 (condition.notify())。另一名俱乐部成员仍在无限期地等待。如果你想让每个人都进来(聚会时间!),你可以使用condition.notify_all()。
import asyncio async def clubber(condition, name): async with condition: print(f"{name} wants to enter the club.") await condition.wait() print(f"{name} enters the club.") async def bouncer(condition): await asyncio.sleep(2) async with condition: print("Bouncer signals everyone can enter.") condition.notify_all() async def main(): condition = asyncio.Condition() await asyncio.gather( clubber(condition, "Alice"), clubber(condition, "Bob"), bouncer(condition) ) asyncio.run(main())
输出:
Alice wants to enter the club. Bob wants to enter the club. Bouncer signals everyone can enter. Alice enters the club. Bob enters the club.
聚会结束
现在,您应该对 asyncio events 和 conditions 的工作原理有了更清晰的了解。他们是幕后协调员,确保一切顺利进行。
所以,下次当你的异步代码不再像高速公路上的撞车事故时,你就知道该感谢谁了!
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