Java 中的数学函数

Java 是最有用的编程语言之一。它具有多种应用，例如架构构建、解决科学计算、构建地图等。为了使这些任务变得简单，Java 提供了 java.lang.Math 类或 Java 中的数学函数，可以执行多种运算，例如平方、指数、ceil、对数、立方、abs、三角函数、平方根、floor 等

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本课程提供两个领域，这是数学课程的基础知识。他们是，

• ‘e’是自然对数的底数(718281828459045)
• ‘pi’，即圆的周长与其直径的比值(141592653589793)

Java 中的各种数学函数

Java 提供了大量的数学方法。它们可以分类如下：

• 基本数学方法
• 三角数学方法
• 对数数学方法
• 双曲数学方法
• 角度数学方法

现在，让我们详细了解一下它们。

1.基本数学方法

为了更好的理解，我们可以在Java程序中实现上述方法，如下所示：

表示

方法	返回值	参数	示例
abs()	参数的绝对值。即正值	长整型、整数、浮点数、双精度	int n1 = Math.abs (80)  //n1=80 int n2 =Math.abs (-60) //n2=60
sqrt()	参数的平方根	双	double n= Math.sqrt (36.0) // n=6.0
cbrt()	参数的立方根	双	double n= Math.cbrt (8.0) // n=2.0
max()	参数中传递的两个值的最大值	长整型、整数、浮点数、双精度	int n=Math.max(15,80) //n=80
分钟()	参数中传递的两个值中的最小值	长整型、整数、浮点数、双精度	int n=Math.min(15,80) //n=15
ceil()	将浮点值向上舍入为整数值	双	double n=Math.ceil(6.34) //n=7.0
地板()	将浮点值向下舍入为整数值	双	double n=Math.floor(6.34) //n=6.0
圆形()	将浮点或双精度值向上或向下舍入为整数值	双精度、浮动	double n = Math.round(22.445);//n=22.0 double n2 = Math.round(22.545); //n=23.0
战俘()	第一个参数的值提升到第二个参数	双	double n= Math.pow(2.0, 3.0) //n=8.0
随机()	0 到 1 之间的随机数	双	double n= Math.random() //n= 0.2594036953954201
signum()	传递参数的符号。 如果为正，将显示 1。 如果为负数，将显示-1。 如果为0，则显示0	双精度、浮动	double n = 数学。 Signum (22.4);//n=1.0 double n2 = Math.符号 (-22.5);//n=-1.0
addExact()	参数的总和。如果获取的结果超出了 long 或 int 值，则会抛出异常。	整数，长	int n= Math.addExact(35, 21)//n=56
incrementExact()	参数加1。如果获取的结果超出int值，则抛出异常。	整数，长	int n=数学。 incrementExact(36) //n=37
subtractExact()	参数的差异。如果获取的结果超出int值，则抛出异常。	整数，长	int n= Math.subtractExact(36, 11) //n=25
multiplyExact()	参数的总和。如果获取的结果超出了 long 或 int 值，则会抛出异常。	整数，长	int n= Math.multiplyExact(5, 5) //n=25
decrementExact()	参数减1。如果获取的结果超出int或long值，则抛出异常。	整数，长	int n=数学。 decrementExact (36) //n=35
negateExact()	参数的否定。如果获取的结果溢出 int 或 long 值，则会抛出异常。	整数，长	int n=数学。 negateExact(36) //n=-36
copySign()	第一个参数的绝对值以及第二个参数中指定的符号	双精度、浮动	double d= Math.copySign(29.3,-17.0) //n=-29.3
floorDiv()	将第一个参数除以第二个参数，并执行向下取整操作。	长整型	int n= Math.floorDiv(25, 3) //n=8
hypot()	参数的平方和并进行平方根运算。中间不应该存在溢出或下溢。	双	double n=Math.hypot(4,3) //n=5.0
getExponent()	无偏指数。该指数以 double 或 float	int	double n=Math.getExponent(50.45) //n=5

代码：

//Java program to implement basic math functions
public class JavaMathFunctions {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n1 = Math.abs(80);
System.out.println("absolute value of 80 is: "+n1);
int n2 = Math.abs(-60);
System.out.println("absolute value of -60 is: "+n2);
double n3 = Math.sqrt(36.0);
System.out.println("Square root of 36.0 is: "+n3);
double n4 = Math.cbrt(8.0);
System.out.println("cube root 0f 8.0 is: "+n4);
int n5= Math.max(15,80);
System.out.println("max value is: "+n5);
int n6 =Math.min(15,80);
System.out.println("min value is: "+n6);
double n7 = Math.ceil(6.34);
System.out.println("ceil value of 6.34 is "+n7);
double n8 = Math.floor(6.34);
System.out.println("floor value of 6.34 is: "+n8);
double n9 = Math.round(22.445);
System.out.println("round value of 22.445 is: "+n9);
double n10 = Math.round(22.545);
System.out.println("round value of 22.545 is: "+n10);
double n11= Math.pow(2.0, 3.0);
System.out.println("power value is: "+n11);
double n12= Math.random();
System.out.println("random value is: "+n12);
double n13 = Math. signum (22.4);
System.out.println("signum value of 22.4 is: "+n13);
double n14 = Math. signum (-22.5);
System.out.println("signum value of 22.5 is: "+n14);
int n15= Math.addExact(35, 21);
System.out.println("added value is: "+n15);
int n16=Math. incrementExact(36);
System.out.println("increment of 36 is: "+n16);
int n17 = Math.subtractExact(36, 11);
System.out.println("difference is: "+n17);
int n18 = Math.multiplyExact(5, 5);
System.out.println("product is: "+n18);
int n19 =Math. decrementExact (36);
System.out.println("decrement of 36 is: "+n19);
int n20 =Math. negateExact(36);
System.out.println("negation value of 36 is: "+n20);
}
}

输出：

2.三角数学方法

以下是实现表中提到的三角数学函数的Java程序：

Method	Return value	Arguments	Example
sin()	Sine value of the parameter	double	double num1 = 60; //Conversion of value to radians double value = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.sine (value) //output is 0.8660254037844386
cos()	Cosine value of the parameter	double	double num1 = 60; //Conversion of value to radians double value = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.cos (value) //output is           0.5000000000000001
tan()	tangent value of the parameter	double	double num1 = 60; //Conversion of value to radians double value = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.tan(value) //output is 1.7320508075688767
asin()	Arc Sine value of the parameter. Or Inverse sine value of the parameter	double	Math.asin(1.0) // 1.5707963267948966
acos()	Arc cosine value of the parameter Or Inverse Cosine value of the parameter	double	Math.acos(1.0) //0.0
atan()	Arctangent value of the parameter Or Inverse tangent value of the parameter	double	Math.atan(6.267) // 1.4125642791467878

方法 返回值 参数 示例

sin()

参数的正弦值 双

双 num1 = 60; //将值转换为弧度

双精度值 = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.sine (value) //输出为0.8660254037844386

cos()

参数的余弦值 双

双 num1 = 60; //将值转换为弧度

双精度值 = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.cos (value) //输出为           0.5000000000000001

tan()

参数的正切值 双

双 num1 = 60; //将值转换为弧度

双精度值 = Math.toRadians(num1); print Math.tan(value) //输出为 1.7320508075688767

asin()

参数的反正弦值。或者参数的反正弦值 双

Math.asin(1.0) // 1.5707963267948966

acos()

参数的反余弦值或参数的反余弦值 双

Math.acos(1.0) //0.0

atan()

参数的反正切值或参数的反正切值 双

Math.atan(6.267) // 1.4125642791467878

表>

Code:

//Java program to implement trigonometric math functions
public class JavaMathFunctions {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double num1 = 60;
// Conversion of value to radians
double value = Math.toRadians(num1);
System.out.println("sine value is : "+Math.sin(value));
System.out.println("cosine value is : "+Math.cos(value));
System.out.println("tangent value is : "+Math.tan(value));
double num2 = 1.0;
System.out.println("acosine value is : "+Math.acos(num2));
System.out.println("asine value is : "+Math.asin(num2));
double num3 = 6.267;
System.out.println("atangent value is : "+Math.atan(num3)); <strong>Output:</strong>

3. Logarithmic Math Methods

Following is the sample program that implements Logarithmic math methods:

Method	Return Value	Arguments	Example
expm1()	Calculate E’s power and minus 1 from it. E is Euler’s number. So here, it is ex-1.	double	double n = Math.expm1(2.0) // n = 6.38905609893065
exp()	E’s power to the given parameter. That is, ex	double	double n=Math.exp(2.0) //n = 7.38905609893065
log()	Natural logarithm of parameter	double	double n=Math.log(38.9) //n=3.6609942506244004
log10()	Base 10 logarithm of parameter	double	double n =  Math.log10(38.9) //n= 1.5899496013257077
log1p()	Natural logarithm of the sum of parameter and one. ln(x+1)	double	double n =   Math.log1p(26) //n= 3.295836866004329

Code:

//Java program to implement logarithmic math functions
public class JavaMathFunctions {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double n1 = Math.expm1(2.0);
double n2 = Math.exp(2.0);
double n3 = Math.log(38.9);
double n4 = Math.log10(38.9);
double n5 = Math.log1p(26);
System.out.println("expm1 value of 2.0 is : "+n1);
System.out.println("exp value of 2.0 is : "+n2);
System.out.println("log of 38.9 is : "+n3);
System.out.println("log10 of 38.9 is : "+n4);
System.out.println("log1p of 26 is : "+n5);
}}

Output:

4. Hyperbolic Math Methods

Following is the Java program to implement hyperbolic math functions mentioned in the table:

Method	Return value	Arguments	Example
sinh()	Hyperbolic Sine value of the parameter. i.e (ex – e -x)/2 Here, E is the Euler’s number.	double	double num1=Math.sinh (30) //output is 5.343237290762231E12
cosh()	Hyperbolic Cosine value of the parameter. i.e. (ex + e -x)/2 Here, E is the Euler’s number.	double	double num1 = Math.cosh (60.0) //output is 5.710036949078421E25
tanh()	Hyperbolic tangent value of the parameter	double	double num1= Math.tanh (60.0) //output is 1.0

Code:

//Java program to implement HYPERBOLIC math functions
public class JavaMathFunctions {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double n1 = Math.sinh (30);
double n2 = Math.cosh (60.0);
double n3 = Math.tanh (60.0);
System.out.println("Hyperbolic sine value of 300 is : "+n1);
System.out.println("Hyperbolic cosine value of 60.0 is : "+n2);
System.out.println("Hyperbolic tangent value of 60.0 is : "+n3);
}
}

Output:

5. Angular Math Methods

Method	Return Value	Arguments	Example
toRadians()	Degree angle converts to radian angle	double	double n = Math.toRadians(180.0) //n= 3.141592653589793
toDegrees()	Radian angle converts to Degree angle	double	double n = Math. toDegrees (Math.PI) //n=180.0

 Now, let us see a sample program to demonstrate Angular Math methods.

Code:

//Java program to implement Angular math functions
public class JavaMathFunctions {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double n1 = Math.toRadians(180.0);
double n2 = Math. toDegrees (Math.PI);
System.out.println("Radian value of 180.0 is : "+n1);
System.out.println("Degree value of pi is : "+n2);
}
}

Output:

Conclusion

Java offers a wide variety of math functions to perform different tasks such as scientific calculations, architecture designing, structure designing, building maps, etc. This document discusses several basic, trigonometric, logarithmic and angular math functions in detail with sample programs and examples.

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