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Oracle单实例数据库迁移到OracleRAC环境之--数据导出导入

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Jun 07, 2016 pm 02:52 PM

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Oracle单实例数据库迁移到Oracle RAC环境之--数据导出导入系统环境：操作系统：RedHat EL55 Oracle ： Oracle 11.2.0.1.0 集群软件：Oracle GI 11.2.0.1.0 本案例采用的是通过数据的导入导出（EXPDP/IMPDP)的迁移方式 650) this.width=650;" src="http://w

Oracle单实例数据库迁移到Oracle RAC环境之--数据导出导入

系统环境：

操作系统：RedHat EL55

Oracle ： Oracle 11.2.0.1.0

集群软件：Oracle GI 11.2.0.1.0

本案例采用的是通过数据的导入导出（EXPDP/IMPDP)的迁移方式

从单实例的库迁移数据到RAC环境，可以有多种方式，通过数据的导出和导入也可以，但前提是数据库采用相同的字符集。

1、数据库环境

单实例：

17:35:59 SYS@ test1>SELECT * FROM V$VERSION;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02

17:35:36 SYS@ test1>select userenv('LANGUAGE') FROM DUAL;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')
----------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

RAC 环境：

17:46:03 SYS@ prod1>SELECT * FROM V$VERSION;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Elapsed: 00:00:00.16

17:46:29 SYS@ prod1>select instance_name,status from gv$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS
---------------- ------------
prod1            OPEN
prod2            OPEN

17:45:40 SYS@ prod1>select userenv('LANGUAGE') FROM DUAL;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')
----------------------------------------------------
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

2、建立测试环境

单实例：

17:38:26 SYS@ test1>create tablespace test01

17:41:40 2 datafile '/dsk1/oradata/test1/test01.dbf' size 100m;

Tablespace created.

17:43:49 SYS@ test1>create user test1 identified by test1

17:44:00 2 default tablespace test01

17:44:00 3 temporary tablespace tmpgp1

17:44:00 4 quota unlimited on test01

17:44:00 5 account unlock;

17:44:00 SYS@ test1>grant connect ,resource to test1;

Grant succeeded.

17:50:34 SYS@ test1>conn test1/test1

Connected.

17:50:41 TEST1@ test1>create table testtb1 tablespace test01 as select * from scott.emp;

Table created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.25

17:50:52 TEST1@ test1>create index test_empno_ind on testtb1(empno) tablespace indx;

Index created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.05

如果做表空间传输，需要对表空间做自包含检测：

17:51:15 SYS@ test1>EXECUTE DBMS_TTS.TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK('test01', TRUE);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Elapsed: 00:01:04.07

17:52:25 SYS@ test1>SELECT * FROM TRANSPORT_SET_VIOLATIONS;

no rows selected

Elapsed: 00:00:00.05

创建导出传输目录：

17:52:43 SYS@ test1>create directory exp_dir as '/home/oracle/exp';

Directory created.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.07

17:53:24 SYS@ test1>grant read,write on directory exp_dir to test1;

Grant succeeded.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.06

17:53:39 SYS@ test1>!mkdir ~/exp

导出schema：

[oracle@rh6 exp]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:59:05 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02":  test1/******** directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1 
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 256 KB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
. . exported "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01"              139.4 KB    1073 rows
. . exported "TEST1"."TESTTB1"                           8.570 KB      14 rows
Master table "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for TEST1.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 is:
  /home/oracle/exp/test.dmp
Job "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully completed at 17:59:28

3、在RAC环境下导入数据：

从单实例传输dump文件到RAC环境下：

[oracle@rh6 exp]$ scp *.dmp 192.168.8.21:/u01/exp

The authenticity of host '192.168.8.21 (192.168.8.21)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 39:04:88:3b:54:34:3c:34:d2:df:74:37:fe:5f:92:2d.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.8.21' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@192.168.8.21's password: 
test.dmp                                                                                 100%  428KB 428.0KB/s   00:00

在RAC下建立表空间和Schema：

18:16:28 SYS@ prod1>create tablespace test01;
Tablespace created.
Elapsed: 00:00:06.27
18:19:19 SYS@ prod1>create tablespace indx;
Tablespace created.
Elapsed: 00:00:05.81
18:19:36 SYS@ prod1>select file_name,file_id,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME                                             FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME                BYTES/1024/1024
-------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------------------------
+DG1/prod/datafile/users.259.852387481                      4 USERS                                        5
+DG1/prod/datafile/undotbs1.258.852292707                   3 UNDOTBS1                                   105
+DG1/prod/datafile/sysaux.257.852292707                     2 SYSAUX                                     630
+DG1/prod/datafile/system.256.852292703                     1 SYSTEM                                     690
+DG1/prod/datafile/example.264.852292891                    5 EXAMPLE                                103.125
+DG1/prod/datafile/undotbs2.265.852293259                   6 UNDOTBS2                                    50
+DG1/prod/datafile/tbs1.269.852376681                       7 TBS1                                       100
+DG1/prod/datafile/test01.273.852574753                     8 TEST01                                     100
+DG1/prod/datafile/indx.274.852574771                       9 INDX                                       100
9 rows selected.

18:14:34 SYS@ prod1>create user test1 identified by test1
18:14:49   2      default tablespace users
18:14:49   3      temporary tablespace temp
18:14:49   4     quota unlimited on  users
18:14:49   5    account unlock;
User created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.15
18:14:50 SYS@ prod1>
18:14:50 SYS@ prod1>grant connect,resource to test1;
Grant succeeded.

建立数据导入目录：

18:15:31 SYS@ prod1>create directory imp_dir as '/u01/exp';
Directory created.
18:16:08 SYS@ prod1>grant read,write on directory imp_dir to test1;
Grant succeeded.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.16
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/exp
[root@node1 ~]# chown -R oracle:dba /u01/exp

导入数据：

[root@node1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@node1 ~]$ cd /u01/exp

[oracle@node1 exp]$ ls

test.dmp

[oracle@node1 exp]$ impdp test1/test1 directory=imp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 18:21:05 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01":  test1/******** directory=imp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1 
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01"              139.4 KB    1073 rows
. . imported "TEST1"."TESTTB1"                           8.570 KB      14 rows
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Job "TEST1"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 18:21:42

数据导入成功！

4、验证：

18:19:45 SYS@ prod1>conn test1/test1
Connected.
18:22:20 TEST1@ prod1>select * from tab;
TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01           TABLE
TESTTB1                        TABLE
Elapsed: 00:00:00.08
18:22:24 TEST1@ prod1>select * from testtb1;
     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    40
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10
14 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02
18:22:34 TEST1@ prod1>
17:47:08 SYS@ prod2>conn test1/test1
Connected.
18:22:54 TEST1@ prod2>select * from testtb1;
     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    40
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10
14 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.31

数据导入错误案例：

错误（1）：

[oracle@rh6 ~]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=~/exp/test.dmp logfile=~/exp/test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:55:21 2014

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39002: invalid operation

ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.

ORA-39088: file name cannot contain a path specification

在dumpfile和logfile指定的参数不能指定路径！

错误（2）：

[oracle@rh6 ~]$ cd exp

[oracle@rh6 exp]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:56:19 2014

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": test1/******** directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

UDE-04031: operation generated ORACLE error 4031

ORA-04031: unable to allocate 32 bytes of shared memory ("shared pool","SELECT job_id FROM v$datapum...","SQLA","tmp")

ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPV$FT_INT", line 2904

ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPC$QUE_INT", line 572

ORA-25254: time-out in LISTEN while waiting for a message

ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_DATAPUMP", line 3263

ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_DATAPUMP", line 4488

ORA-06512: at line 1

出现了ORA-04031错误，应该和share pool 有关系！

查看系统共享池：

17:57:59 SYS@ test1>show parameter shared

NAME                                 TYPE                             VALUE
------------------------------------ -------------------------------- -------------------
hi_shared_memory_address             integer                          0
max_shared_servers                   integer
shared_memory_address                integer                          0
shared_pool_reserved_size            big integer                      12M
shared_pool_size                     big integer                      112M
shared_server_sessions               integer
shared_servers                       integer                          0

调整share pool的size：

17:58:01 SYS@ test1>alter system set shared_pool_size=200m ;

System altered.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.65

调整后重新导出成功：

[oracle@rh6 exp]$ expdp test1/test1 directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 10 17:59:05 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02":  test1/******** directory=exp_dir dumpfile=test.dmp logfile=test.log schemas=test1 
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 256 KB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
. . exported "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01"              139.4 KB    1073 rows
. . exported "TEST1"."TESTTB1"                           8.570 KB      14 rows
Master table "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for TEST1.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 is:
  /home/oracle/exp/test.dmp
Job "TEST1"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02" successfully completed at 17:59:28

@至此，数据迁移完成！

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