SLT <模板>
XSLT <xsl:template> 元素
XSL 樣式表由一個或多套被稱為模板(template)的規則組成。
每個範本含有當某個指定的節點被比對時所應用的規則。
<xsl:template> 元素
<xsl:template> 元素用來建立範本。
match 屬性用於關聯 XML 元素和範本。 match 屬性也可用於為整個 XML 文件定義範本。 match 屬性的值是 XPath 表達式(舉例,match="/" 定義整個文件)。
好了,讓我們來看看上一章中的XSL 檔案的簡化版本:
#實例
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <catalog> <cd> <title>Empire Burlesque</title> <artist>Bob Dylan</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Columbia</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1985</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Hide your heart</title> <artist>Bonnie Tyler</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>CBS Records</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1988</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Greatest Hits</title> <artist>Dolly Parton</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>RCA</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1982</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Still got the blues</title> <artist>Gary Moore</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Virgin records</company> <price>10.20</price> <year>1990</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Eros</title> <artist>Eros Ramazzotti</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>BMG</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1997</year> </cd> <cd> <title>One night only</title> <artist>Bee Gees</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Polydor</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1998</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Sylvias Mother</title> <artist>Dr.Hook</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>CBS</company> <price>8.10</price> <year>1973</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Maggie May</title> <artist>Rod Stewart</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Pickwick</company> <price>8.50</price> <year>1990</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Romanza</title> <artist>Andrea Bocelli</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Polydor</company> <price>10.80</price> <year>1996</year> </cd> <cd> <title>When a man loves a woman</title> <artist>Percy Sledge</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Atlantic</company> <price>8.70</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Black angel</title> <artist>Savage Rose</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Mega</company> <price>10.90</price> <year>1995</year> </cd> <cd> <title>1999 Grammy Nominees</title> <artist>Many</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Grammy</company> <price>10.20</price> <year>1999</year> </cd> <cd> <title>For the good times</title> <artist>Kenny Rogers</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Mucik Master</company> <price>8.70</price> <year>1995</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Big Willie style</title> <artist>Will Smith</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Columbia</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1997</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Tupelo Honey</title> <artist>Van Morrison</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Polydor</company> <price>8.20</price> <year>1971</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Soulsville</title> <artist>Jorn Hoel</artist> <country>Norway</country> <company>WEA</company> <price>7.90</price> <year>1996</year> </cd> <cd> <title>The very best of</title> <artist>Cat Stevens</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Island</company> <price>8.90</price> <year>1990</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Stop</title> <artist>Sam Brown</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>A and M</company> <price>8.90</price> <year>1988</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Bridge of Spies</title> <artist>T`Pau</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Siren</company> <price>7.90</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Private Dancer</title> <artist>Tina Turner</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>Capitol</company> <price>8.90</price> <year>1983</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Midt om natten</title> <artist>Kim Larsen</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Medley</company> <price>7.80</price> <year>1983</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Pavarotti Gala Concert</title> <artist>Luciano Pavarotti</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>DECCA</company> <price>9.90</price> <year>1991</year> </cd> <cd> <title>The dock of the bay</title> <artist>Otis Redding</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>Atlantic</company> <price>7.90</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Picture book</title> <artist>Simply Red</artist> <country>EU</country> <company>Elektra</company> <price>7.20</price> <year>1985</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Red</title> <artist>The Communards</artist> <country>UK</country> <company>London</company> <price>7.80</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> <cd> <title>Unchain my heart</title> <artist>Joe Cocker</artist> <country>USA</country> <company>EMI</company> <price>8.20</price> <year>1987</year> </cd> </catalog>
#運行實例»
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實例解釋
由於XSL 樣式表本身也是XML 文檔,因此它總是由XML 宣告起始:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>.
下一個元素,<xsl: stylesheet>, ,定義此文件是XSLT 樣式表文件(連同版本編號和XSLT 命名空間屬性)。
<xsl:template> 元素定義了一個範本。而 match="/" 屬性則把此範本與 XML 來源文件的根連結起來。
<xsl:template> 元素內部的內容定義了寫到輸出結果的 HTML 程式碼。
最後兩行定義了模板的結尾及樣式表的結尾。
這個實例的結果有一點小缺陷,因為資料沒有從 XML 文件被複製到輸出。在下一章中,您將學習如何使用 <xsl:value-of> 元素從 XML 元素選取值。