為什麼 DESC 在 MariaDB 上命令查詢速度變慢

Question

我有一個針對Maridb 運行的查詢，當我們以ASC 順序查詢時，優化器檢查較少數量的記錄（r_rows）並在大約500 毫秒內完成查詢，但是當將順序切換為DESC 時，則相同的查詢需要更多時間才能完成，r_rows 約為227 萬。

這是為什麼呢？為什麼 ASC/DESC 順序會影響查詢效能？

這是 SQL 查詢

#

SELECT x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s0.`sys_id`
FROM (
        x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s0
        LEFT JOIN x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m10s x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_maintena1 ON x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s0.`scheduled_maintenance` = x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_maintena1.`sys_id`
    )
WHERE x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s0.`status` = 'Pending'
    AND x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s0.`scheduled_date` >= '2022-02-15 06:00:00'
    AND x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_maintena1.`asset` IS NULL
ORDER BY x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s0.`sys_created_on` ASC
limit 0, 100

下面2個MariaDB分析輸出顯示執行計畫

#ASC 有序查詢完成約 503 毫秒

+---------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|                                                                             1 result(s):                                         
+---------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ANALYZE | {                                                                                                                      
|         |   "query_block": {                                                                                                     
|         |     "select_id": 1,                                                                                                    
|         |     "r_loops": 1,                                                                                                      
|         |     "r_total_time_ms": 503.93,                                                                                         
|         |     "table": {                                                                                                         
|         |       "table_name": "Table_A",                                                                                         
|         |       "access_type": "index",                                                                                          
|         |       "possible_keys": ["idx1"],                                                                                       
|         |       "key": "sys_created_on",                                                                                         
|         |       "key_length": "6",                                                                                               
|         |       "used_key_parts": ["sys_created_on"],                                                                            
|         |       "r_loops": 1,                                                                                                    
|         |       "rows": 2695302,                                                                                                 
|         |       "r_rows": 234328,                                                                                                
|         |       "r_total_time_ms": 476.64,                                                                                       
|         |       "filtered": 50,                                                                                                  
|         |       "r_filtered": 0.1903,                                                                                            
|         |       "attached_condition": "Table_A.`status` = 'Pending' and Table_A.scheduled_date >= '2022-02-15 06:00:00'"         
|         |     },    
+---------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DESC ASC 有序查詢完成 ~9118 毫秒

r_rows significantly Larger as comparing to ASC. 

+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|                                                                             1 result(s):                                        
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ANALYZE | {                                                                                                                     
|         |   "query_block": {                                                                                                    
|         |     "select_id": 1,                                                                                                   
|         |     "r_loops": 1,                                                                                                     
|         |     "r_total_time_ms":9118.4,                                                                                              
|         |     "table": {                                                                                                        
|         |       "table_name": "Table_A",                                                                                        
|         |       "access_type": "index",                                                                                         
|         |       "possible_keys": ["idx1"],                                                                                      
|         |       "key": "sys_created_on",                                                                                        
|         |       "key_length": "6",                                                                                              
|         |       "used_key_parts": ["sys_created_on"],                                                                           
|         |       "r_loops": 1,                                                                                                   
|         |       "rows": 2695302,                                                                                                
|         |       "r_rows": 2.27e6,                                                                                               
|         |       "r_total_time_ms": 4380.1,                                                                                      
|         |       "filtered": 50,                                                                                                 
|         |       "r_filtered": 70.102,                                                                                           
|         |       "attached_condition": "Table_A.`status` = 'Pending' and Table_A.scheduled_date >= '2022-02-15 06:00:00'" |
|         |     },  
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answer 1

索引優化建議

表索引 x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s（狀態、scheduled_date、scheduled_maintenance、sys_created_on） x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m10s ( sys_id )

然後，修改為沒有 (parens) 和 ticks，但也使用了預定 vs 維護的更乾淨的別名。第一個表格具有適當的索引來優化 WHERE 和 JOIN 標準將會有所幫助。但建立完成覆蓋索引也將有助於查詢，因為所有元素都可以來自索引，而不是返回每個資料表的原始資料頁。

SELECT 
        sched.sys_id
    FROM 
        x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m9e_e8s sched
            LEFT JOIN x_nuvo_eam_scheduled_m10s maint
                ON sched.scheduled_maintenance = maint.sys_id
    WHERE 
            sched.status = 'Pending'
        AND sched.scheduled_date >= '2022-02-15 06:00:00'
        AND maint.asset IS NULL
    ORDER BY 
        sched.sys_created_on ASC
    limit 
        0, 100