P粉2880690452023-08-28 18:15:19
這是所涉及的 SQL 的一個簡單而粗略的範例。我認為沒有必要用 php 來混淆這個概念。只需像檢索其他集合一樣檢索該集合即可。
在此範例中,有許多名稱和許多顏色。人們可以有不只一種喜歡的顏色,而且很多人可以有相同的喜歡的顏色。因此是多對多。
***** Tables ********** person -------- id - int name - varchar favColor ------------- id - int color - varchar person_color ------------ person_id - int (matches an id from person) color_id - int (matches an id from favColor) ****** Sample Query ****** SELECT name, color FROM person LEFT JOIN person_color ON (person.id=person_id) LEFT JOIN favColor ON (favColor.id=color_id) ****** Results From Sample Query ******* Name - Color --------------- John - Blue John - Red Mary - Yellow Timmy - Yellow Suzie - Green Suzie - Blue etc...
這有幫助嗎?
P粉0072885932023-08-28 15:27:40
範例場景:大學的學生和課程。某個學生可能會參加多門課程,自然而然,一門課程通常會有很多學生。
範例表,簡單設計:
CREATE TABLE `Student` ( `StudentID` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `FirstName` VARCHAR(25), `LastName` VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`StudentID`) ) ENGINE=INNODB CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci CREATE TABLE `Course` ( `CourseID` SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `Code` VARCHAR(10) CHARACTER SET ascii COLLATE ascii_general_ci NOT NULL, `Name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`CourseID`) ) ENGINE=INNODB CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci CREATE TABLE `CourseMembership` ( `Student` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, `Course` SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`Student`, `Course`), CONSTRAINT `Constr_CourseMembership_Student_fk` FOREIGN KEY `Student_fk` (`Student`) REFERENCES `Student` (`StudentID`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE, CONSTRAINT `Constr_CourseMembership_Course_fk` FOREIGN KEY `Course_fk` (`Course`) REFERENCES `Course` (`CourseID`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE ) ENGINE=INNODB CHARACTER SET ascii COLLATE ascii_general_ci
找出註冊課程的所有學生:
SELECT `Student`.* FROM `Student` JOIN `CourseMembership` ON `Student`.`StudentID` = `CourseMembership`.`Student` WHERE `CourseMembership`.`Course` = 1234
找出所有指定學生修讀的課程:
SELECT `Course`.* FROM `Course` JOIN `CourseMembership` ON `Course`.`CourseID` = `CourseMembership`.`Course` WHERE `CourseMembership`.`Student` = 5678