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MySQL透視表查詢:利用動態列實現資料分析

<p>我正在使用以下表格來儲存產品資料:</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">mysql> SELECT * FROM product; --------------- --------------- -------- | id | name | description | stock | --------------- --------------- -------- | 1 | product1 | first product | 5 | | 2 | product2 | second product| 5 | --------------- --------------- -------- mysql> SELECT * FROM product_additional; ----------------- ------------ | id | fieldname | fieldvalue | ----------------- ------------ | 1 | size | S | | 1 | height | 103 | | 2 | size | L | | 2 | height | 13 | | 2 | color | black | ----------------- ------------ </pre> <p>使用以下查詢從兩個表中選擇記錄:</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">mysql> SELECT p.id , p.name , p.description ,MAX(IF(pa.fieldname = 'size', pa.fieldvalue, NULL)) as `size` ,MAX(IF(pa.fieldname = 'height', pa.fieldvalue, NULL)) as `height` ,MAX(IF(pa.fieldname = 'color', pa.fieldvalue, NULL)) as `color` FROM product p LEFT JOIN product_additional AS pa ON p.id = pa.id GROUP BY p.id --------------- --------------- -------- --------- --- ----- | id | name | description | size | height | color | --------------- --------------- -------- --------- --- ----- | 1 | product1 | first product | S | 103 | null | | 2 | product2 | second product| L | 13 | black | --------------- --------------- -------- --------- --- ----- </pre> <p>一切都正常運作 :) </p> <p>因為我動態填入「additional」表,所以如果查詢也是動態的就好了。這樣我就不必每次輸入新的欄位名稱和欄位值時都要更改查詢。 </p>
P粉101708623P粉101708623446 天前575

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  • P粉046387133

    P粉0463871332023-08-23 11:13:47

    我有一個稍微不同的方法來完成這個任務,與接受的答案不同。這種方法可以避免使用預設情況下有1024個字元限制的GROUP_CONCAT,並且如果你有很多字段,它將無法工作,除非你改變限制。

    SET @sql = '';
    SELECT
        @sql := CONCAT(@sql,if(@sql='','',', '),temp.output)
    FROM
    (
        SELECT
          DISTINCT
            CONCAT(
             'MAX(IF(pa.fieldname = ''',
              fieldname,
              ''', pa.fieldvalue, NULL)) AS ',
              fieldname
            ) as output
        FROM
            product_additional
    ) as temp;
    
    SET @sql = CONCAT('SELECT p.id
                        , p.name
                        , p.description, ', @sql, ' 
                       FROM product p
                       LEFT JOIN product_additional AS pa 
                        ON p.id = pa.id
                       GROUP BY p.id, p.name, p.description');
    
    PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
    EXECUTE stmt;
    DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

    點擊此處查看示範

    #

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  • P粉768045522

    P粉7680455222023-08-23 00:34:41

    在MySQL中,唯一動態執行此操作的方法是使用預處理語句。以下是一篇關於它們的好文章:

    動態透視表(將行轉換為列)

    #你的程式碼將如下所示:

    SET @sql = NULL;
    SELECT
      GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT
        CONCAT(
          'MAX(IF(pa.fieldname = ''',
          fieldname,
          ''', pa.fieldvalue, NULL)) AS ',
          fieldname
        )
      ) INTO @sql
    FROM product_additional;
    
    SET @sql = CONCAT('SELECT p.id
                        , p.name
                        , p.description, ', @sql, ' 
                       FROM product p
                       LEFT JOIN product_additional AS pa 
                        ON p.id = pa.id
                       GROUP BY p.id, p.name, p.description');
    
    PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
    EXECUTE stmt;
    DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

    查看示範

    注意:GROUP_CONCAT函數的字元限制為1024個字元。請參閱參數group_concat_max_len

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