java - 對於notify()/wait()的一點疑惑

Question

class MyObject{
    private Queue<String> queue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<String>();
    public synchronized void set(String s){
            while(queue.size() >= 10){
                try {
                    wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            queue.add(s);
            notify();
    }
}

class Producer implements Runnable{
    private MyObject myObj;
    
    public Producer(MyObject myObj) {
        this.myObj= myObj;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        // 每条线程执行30次set
        for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            this.myObj.set("obj:" + i);
        }
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args){
    Producer producer = new Producer(new MyObject());
        
    // 生成30条线程
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(producer);
        thread.start();
    }
    // 运行结果是只set了30次
}

我的疑惑是notify()發布通知，為什麼不會讓其他執行緒的wait()方法繼續執行下去呢？

Answer 1

當你隊列的數量大於10的時候, 你每個線程都是先wait()住了, 不会走到notify()的啊. 你需要一个单独的线程去监控队列的大小, 大于10的时候notify(), 例如可以把你的稍微改一下

class MyObject {
    private Queue<String> queue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<String>();

    private volatile int limit = 10;

    public synchronized void set(String s) {
      if (queue.size() >= limit) {
        try {
          wait();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
      queue.add(s);
    }

    public synchronized void delta() {
      if (queue.size() >= limit) {
        limit += 10;
        notify();
      }
    }
}

然後有個監控線程

class Monitor implements Runnable {

    private MyObject myObj;

    public Monitor(MyObject myObj) {
      this.myObj = myObj;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
      while (true) {
        myObj.delta();
      }
    }
}