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git-cherry - 查找尚未应用于上游的提交
概要
git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]
描述
确定在<head>..<upstream>那里的提交是否有与<limit>..<head>范围内的提交相同。
删除空格和行号后，基于 diff 等同性测试。因此， git-cherry 可以检测提交何时通过 git-cherry-pick [1]，git-am [1]或git-rebase [1] 被“复制”。
在<limit>..<head>输出每个提交的 SHA1 ，前缀-为<upstream>（<上游>）中的等价提交，以及不提交+的提交。
选项
-v
显示 SHA1 旁边的提交主题。
<upstream>
上游分支来搜索等效提交。默认为 HEAD 的上游分支。
<head>
工作分部；默认为 HEAD。
<limit>
不要报告提交到（包括）限制。
示例
补丁工作流程
git-cherry 经常用于基于补丁的工作流程（请参阅gitworkflows [7]）以确定上游维护人员是否应用了一系列补丁。在这样的工作流程中，您可以创建并发送如下主题分支：
$ git checkout -b topic origin/master # work and create some commits $ git format-patch origin/master $ git send-email ... 00*
稍后，您可以通过说（仍在topic）来查看您的更改是否已应用：
$ git fetch # update your notion of origin/master $ git cherry -v
具体的例子
在主题由三个提交组成的情况下，维护者应用其中两个提交时，情况可能如下所示：
$ git log --graph --oneline --decorate --boundary origin/master...topic* 7654321 (origin/master) upstream tip commit[... snip some other commits ...]* cccc111 cherry-pick of C* aaaa111 cherry-pick of A[... snip a lot more that has happened ...]| * cccc000 (topic) commit C| * bbbb000 commit B| * aaaa000 commit A|/o 1234567 branch point
在这种情况下，git-cherry 会显示一个尚未应用的简要摘要：
$ git cherry origin/master topic- cccc000... commit C+ bbbb000... commit B- aaaa000... commit A
在这里，我们看到提交 A 和 C（标记为-）可以从您的topic分支中删除，当您重新绑定它origin/master时，提交 B（标记为+）仍然需要保留，以便它将被发送以应用到origin/master。
使用限制
如果您的主题基于其他不在上游的工作，则可选<limit>非常有用。在前面的例子中展开，这可能看起来像：
$ git log --graph --oneline --decorate --boundary origin/master...topic* 7654321 (origin/master) upstream tip commit[... snip some other commits ...]* cccc111 cherry-pick of C* aaaa111 cherry-pick of A[... snip a lot more that has happened ...]| * cccc000 (topic) commit C| * bbbb000 commit B| * aaaa000 commit A| * 0000fff (base) unpublished stuff F[... snip ...]| * 0000aaa unpublished stuff A|/o 1234567 merge-base between upstream and topic
通过指定base限制，您可以避免列出base和topic之间的提交：
$ git cherry origin/master topic base- cccc000... commit C+ bbbb000... commit B- aaaa000... commit A