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Linux下Apache+Mysql+PHP的安装与配置

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Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:45 PM

alinux安裝配置

（1）Apache的安装与配置思路：首先在官网下载APACHE源码，本系统下载版本为httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz，下面几步为在终端的配置命令 tar zxvf httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz cd httpd-2.2.17 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache make make install service httpd sta

（1） Apache的安装与配置

思路：首先在官网下载APACHE源码，本系统下载版本为httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz，下面几步为在终端的配置命令

tar zxvf httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz

cd httpd-2.2.17

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache

make

make install

service httpd start

如果出现：

Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 222.31.76.227 for ServerName

[ OK ]

说明安装成功！

如果希望apache开机自启动的话，可以通过以下命令在/etc/rc.d/rc.local加入自启动命令：

echo "service httpd start">>/etc/rc.d/rc.local

测试Apache

在/var/www/html目录下建立index.html文件

Welcome to Apache!!

保存后，在浏览器上输入http://XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX（Web服务器的IP）查看结果

注意：iptables必须关闭或者将80端口加到iptables中

（2） Mysql-client的安装与配置

思路：由于MYSQL没有源码包可以下载，所以本系统使用MYSQL的二进制安装包，使用版本为mysql-5.5.10-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz，下面几步为在终端的配置命令（可直接粘贴）

tar zxvf mysql-5.5.10-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

cd /usr/local

ln -s /home/software/mysql-5.5.10-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql

cd mysql/

vi INSTALL-BINARY

看到以下部分为安装步骤

To install and use a MySQL binary distribution, the basic command

sequence looks like this:

shell> groupadd mysql

shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql

shell> cd /usr/local

shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz

shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql

shell> cd mysql

shell> chown -R mysql .

shell> chgrp -R mysql .

shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

shell> chown -R root .

shell> chown -R mysql data

# Next command is optional

shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# Next command is optional

shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server //开机自启动(后面还需几步)

如果已经安装在安装操作系统时已经安装过MYSQL，那么前6步（高亮部分）目前已经完成

（需要注意的是 data目录下存放的就是一个又一个数据库，所以，必须将权限设置为mysql，否则，mysql本身进不去，配置就会失败）

chown -R mysql.mysql .

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

chown -R root .

chown -R mysql data

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

service mysqld start

若显示：

Starting MySQL.. [ OK ]

则说明mysql已成功启用！

使用 mysql_install_db --user=mysql 创建新的MySQL授权表，使用者为mysql

使用 mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 以用户名user_name或数字用户ID user_id运行mysqld服务器。(本文中的“用户”指系统登录账户，而不是授权表中的MySQL用户)

让MYSQL自启动

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

如果遇到以下问题：

启动MYSQL出错，提示：
Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
STOPPING server from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/xmcncn.pid
061103 15:25:32 mysqld ended
解决方法：
vi /etc/my.cnf
看看[mysqld]下有没有
port = 3306
添加上就可以了
touch /tmp/mysql.sock
killall -9 mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe -user=mysql &
成功启动

（3）php的安装与配置

首先，安装php前，以下包可能会需要安装：zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz、libpng-1.2.24.tar.gz、freetype-2.3.11.tar.gz、libtool-2.4.tar.gz、jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz、autoconf-2.61.tar.gz、gd-2.0.35.tar.gz、libxml2-2.7.3.tar.gz

在官网下载php源码，本系统下载版本为php-5.3.6.tar，下面几步为在终端的配置命令（可直接粘贴）

cd /home/software/

tar -xvf php-5.3.6.tar

cd php-5.3.6

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl-dir=/usr/lib/openssl --with-openssl

配置后若如下显示License，则说明成功，否侧可能还缺少上述的包。

…

checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no

checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so

checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate

checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes

…

creating libtool

appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool

Generating files

updating cache ./config.cache

creating ./config.status

…

creating main/internal_functions.c

creating main/internal_functions_cli.c

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| License: |

| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |

| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |

| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |

| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |

| the installation process at this point. |

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

make

make test //可以不做

make install

cp php.ini-development /etc/php.ini

vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

加入一句话：

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

cd /var/www/html

vi index.php

新建php测试代码为：

phpinfo();

重启apache，重启前要先修改/etc/selinux/config，将SELINUX=enforcing 改成SELINUX=disabled：

vi /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

# disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.

SELINUX=disabled

# SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible values are:

# targeted - Only targeted network daemons are protected.

# strict - Full SELinux protection.

SELINUXTYPE=targeted

service httpd restart

出现以下语句说明重启成功：

Stopping httpd: [ OK ]

Starting httpd: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 222.31.76.227 for ServerName

[ OK ]

在浏览器输入http://XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/index.php，若显示phpinfo信息说明php配置成功。

若能显示phpinfo信息，但发现无法连接数据库(没有MYSQL的信息)，说明php与mysql相连的模块包没有安装成功，可尝试下载安装php-mysql的rpm包(php-mysql-5.1.6-27.el5.x86_64.rpm)，安装它还需先安装php-pdo的rpm包(php-pdo-5.1.6-27.el5.x86_64.rpm)，pdo就是专门用于连接php和mysql的。