基礎教學:掌握Java中處理多維JSON陣列的技巧
#引言:
在現代的軟體開發中,隨著前後端分離的普及, JSON(JavaScript Object Notation)已成為資料傳輸和儲存的常用標準。而在實際的開發過程中,常會遇到多維JSON數組的處理。本文將介紹幾種在Java中處理多維JSON數組的技巧,並提供對應的程式碼範例。
import com.google.gson.Gson; import com.google.gson.JsonArray; import com.google.gson.JsonElement; import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
{ "students": [ { "name": "张三", "age": 18, "courses": [ { "name": "数学", "score": 90 }, { "name": "语文", "score": 85 } ] }, { "name": "李四", "age": 20, "courses": [ { "name": "英语", "score": 95 }, { "name": "物理", "score": 88 } ] } ] }
我們可以透過Gson函式庫將其解析為Java中的JsonObject物件:
String json = "{...}"; // 假设这里是上述JSON数据 Gson gson = new Gson(); JsonObject jsonObject = gson.fromJson(json, JsonObject.class);
JsonArray students = jsonObject.getAsJsonArray("students"); for (JsonElement studentElement : students) { JsonObject studentObj = studentElement.getAsJsonObject(); String name = studentObj.get("name").getAsString(); int age = studentObj.get("age").getAsInt(); System.out.println("姓名:" + name + ",年龄:" + age); }
JsonArray students = jsonObject.getAsJsonArray("students"); for (JsonElement studentElement : students) { JsonObject studentObj = studentElement.getAsJsonObject(); String name = studentObj.get("name").getAsString(); JsonArray courses = studentObj.getAsJsonArray("courses"); for (JsonElement courseElement : courses) { JsonObject courseObj = courseElement.getAsJsonObject(); String courseName = courseObj.get("name").getAsString(); int score = courseObj.get("score").getAsInt(); System.out.println("姓名:" + name + ",课程:" + courseName + ",成绩:" + score); } }
class Student { private String name; private int age; private List<Course> courses; // getter和setter方法 } class Course { private String name; private int score; // getter和setter方法 }
然後,我們可以透過以下程式碼將多維JSON陣列轉換為Java物件:
JsonArray students = jsonObject.getAsJsonArray("students"); List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>(); for (JsonElement studentElement : students) { JsonObject studentObj = studentElement.getAsJsonObject(); String name = studentObj.get("name").getAsString(); int age = studentObj.get("age").getAsInt(); JsonArray courses = studentObj.getAsJsonArray("courses"); List<Course> courseList = new ArrayList<>(); for (JsonElement courseElement : courses) { JsonObject courseObj = courseElement.getAsJsonObject(); String courseName = courseObj.get("name").getAsString(); int score = courseObj.get("score").getAsInt(); Course course = new Course(); course.setName(courseName); course.setScore(score); courseList.add(course); } Student student = new Student(); student.setName(name); student.setAge(age); student.setCourses(courseList); studentList.add(student); }
總結:
本文介紹了在Java中處理多維JSON數組的技巧,包括解析、獲取資料、處理嵌套資料以及轉換為Java物件等。透過掌握這些技巧,我們能更有彈性地處理多維JSON數組,並提升開發效率。希望本文對讀者在實際的開發工作上有所幫助。
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