MySQL CASE語句如何在預存程序中使用？

實際上，CASE語句具有IF-THEN-ELSE語句的功能。它的語法如下：

CASE
WHEN condition_1 THEN
   {...statements to execute when condition_1 is TRUE...}
[ WHEN condition_2 THEN
   {...statements to execute when condition_2 is TRUE...} ]
[ WHEN condition_n THEN
   {...statements to execute when condition_n is TRUE...} ]
[ ELSE
   {...statements to execute when all conditions were FALSE...} ]
END CASE;

CASE語句將在沒有任何WHEN子句被執行時執行ELSE子句。

為了示範在MySQL預存程序中使用CASE語句的用法，我們建立了以下基於表格'student_info'的預存過程，其值如下所示：

mysql> Select * from student_info;
+------+---------+------------+------------+
| id   | Name    | Address    | Subject    |
+------+---------+------------+------------+
| 101  | YashPal | Amritsar   | History    |
| 105  | Gaurav  | Jaipur     | Literature |
| 125  | Raman   | Shimla     | Computers  |
+------+---------+------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

下面的查詢將會建立一個名為'coursedetails_CASE'的預存過程，其中包含一個CASE語句−

mysql> Delimiter //
mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE coursedetails_CASE(IN S_subject Varchar(20), OUT S_Course Varchar(50))
   -> BEGIN
   -> DECLARE SUB VArchar(20);
   -> SELECT SUBJECT INTO Sub
   -> FROM Student_Info WHERE S_Subject = Subject;
   -> CASE S_Subject WHEN 'Computers' THEN
   -> SET S_Course = 'B.Tech(CSE)’;
   -> WHEN 'History' THEN
   -> SET S_Course = 'Masters in History';
   -> WHEN 'Literature' THEN
   -> SET S_Course = 'Masters in English';
   -> ELSE
   -> SET S_Course = 'Subject not in the table';
   -> END CASE ;
   -> END //
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

現在，當我們呼叫這個過程時，我們可以看到下面的結果−

mysql> DELIMITER ;
mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('Computers', @S_course);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> Select @S_Course;
+-------------+
| @S_Course   |
+-------------+
| B.Tech(CSE) |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('literature', @S_course);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> Select @S_Course;
+--------------------+
| @S_Course          |
+--------------------+
| Masters in English |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('Math', @S_course);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> Select @S_Course;
+--------------------------------+
| @S_Course                      |
+--------------------------------+
| Subject Not in the table       |
+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('History', @S_course);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> Select @S_Course;
+--------------------+
| @S_Course          |
+--------------------+
| Masters in History |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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