SpringBoot整合Retry如何實作錯誤重試

引入依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
</dependency>

完整依賴pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.7</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring-retry -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

開啟spring-retry

啟動類別上增加註解@EnableRetry

package com.example.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.retry.annotation.EnableRetry;
@EnableRetry
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

使用重試註解

@Retryable註解

• value，可重試的例外類型。含義同include。預設為空(如果excludes也為空，則重試所有異常)

• include：可重試的例外類型。預設為空(如果excludes也為空，則重試所有異常)

• #exclude：無需重試的例外類型。預設為空(如果includes也為空，則重試所有例外)

• #maxAttempts：最大重試次數(包括第一次失敗)，預設為3次

• backoff：重試等待策略,下面會在@Backoff中介紹

• #recover：表示重試次數到達最大重試次數後的回呼方法

@Backoff註解

• delay，重試之間的等待時間(以毫秒為單位)

• maxDelay，重試之間的最大等待時間(以毫秒為單位)

• #multiplier，指定延遲的倍數

• delayExpression ，重試之間的等待時間表達式

• maxDelayExpression，重試之間的最大等待時間表達式

• multiplierExpression，指定延遲的倍數表達式

• random，隨機指定延遲時間

#使用範例

package com.example.demo.component;
import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Recover;
import org.springframework.retry.annotation.Retryable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class HttpRequest {
    private int count = 0;
    /**
     * 模拟网络请求异常
     * @return
     */
    @Retryable(recover = "errorHandler")
    public String getResponse() {
        count++;
        System.out.println("time: " + count);
        if (count < 4) {
            throw new RuntimeException("count: " + count);
        }
        return "success";
    }
    /**
     * 错误处理函数
     * 注意：需要返回 String，否则会抛出方法找不到异常
     * org.springframework.retry.ExhaustedRetryException: Cannot locate recovery method
     *
     * @param e
     * @return
     */
    @Recover
    public String errorHandler(RuntimeException e) {
        System.out.println("errorHandler");
        return "ok";
    }
}

測試

package com.example.demo.component;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
public class HttpRequestTest {
    @Autowired
    private HttpRequest httpRequest;
    @Test
    public void getResponse(){
        httpRequest.getResponse();
    }
}

輸出結果

time: 1
time: 2
time: 3
errorHandler

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