搜尋
首頁資料庫mysql教程Percona XtraDB Cluster安装部署手册_MySQL

 Percona XtraDB Cluster安装部署手册

编写此文档,供PerconaXtraDB Cluster部署时使用。

系统维护人员及实施人员。

通过阅读该手册,让读者明确PerconaXtraDB Cluster的安装、配置和维护情况,为后续数据库运维工作提供指导。

应用部署方案

环境准备

服务器列表

序号

IP

用途

HOSTNAME

操作系统

1

192.168.0.7

Percona XtraDB Cluster

RedHat 6.3

2

192.168.0.9

Percona XtraDB Cluster

RedHat 6.3

3

192.168.0.15

LVS+Keepalived

RedHat 5.6

4

192.168.0.17

LVS+Keepalived

RedHat 5.6

列表

序号

名称

IP

1

LVS-DR-VIP

192.168.0.110

2

LVS-DR-Master

192.168.0.15

3

LVS-DR-BACKUP

192.168.0.17

4

MySQL1-Realserver

192.168.0.7

5

MySQL2-Realserver

192.168.0.9

6

GateWay

192.168.0.1

配置网易的YUM源

1. 导入证书(证书的位置http://mirrors.163.com/centos/)

rpm -importhttp://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

2. 使用网易的源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo

3. 修改文件(把所有$releasever替换成5,保存)

vim CentOS5-Base-163.repo

4. 更新yum

yum -y update

LVS安装

1.    安装

yum install ipvsadm –y

Installing : ipvsadm-1.25-9.el6.i686 1/1

Installed:

ipvsadm.i686 0:1.25-9.el6

Complete!

2.   Ipvsadm命令参数

-C 清除表中所有的记录

ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.3.187:80 -s rr

-A --add-service在服务器列表中新添加一条新的虚拟服务器记录

-t 表示为tcp服务

-u 表示为udp服务

-s --scheduler 使用的调度算法, rr | wrr | lc | wlc | lblb |lblcr | dh | sh | sed | nq 默认调度算法是 wlc

ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.3.187:80 -r 192.168.200.10:80 -m-w 1

-a --add-server 在服务器表中添加一条新的真实主机记录

-t --tcp-service 说明虚拟服务器提供tcp服务

-u --udp-service 说明虚拟服务器提供udp服务

-r --real-server 真实服务器地址

-m --masquerading 指定LVS工作模式为NAT模式

-w --weight 真实服务器的权值

-g --gatewaying 指定LVS工作模式为直接路由器模式(也是LVS默认的模式)

-i --ipip 指定LVS的工作模式为隧道模式

-p 会话保持时间,定义流量呗转到同一个realserver的会话存留时间

调度算法

rr 轮询 round robin, wrr 加强轮询 weighted round robin,

新的请求被轮流分配到RealServer上,它假设服务器处理性能都相同,不管服务器当前的连接数和响应速度,不适合服务器性能不同的集群,这会导致服务器间的负载不平衡

dh 目的地址散列调度destination hashing

Keepalived安装

1.    gcc

安装命令:yum install gcc gcc-c++

2.    openssl-devel ,openssl

安装命令:yum install openssl-developenssl

3.    源码内核的

安装命令:yum install kernel-devel kernel

建立软连接:ln -s /usr/src/kernels/内核名称/   /usr/src/linux

4.    popt-devel,libnl-devel

安装命令:yum install popt-devellibnl-devel

5.    安装keepalived

#wgethttp://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz

#tar xvzf keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz

#cd keepalived-1.2.12

#uname –r

# ln -sv /usr/src/kernels/`uname-r`-`uname -m`/ /usr/src/linux # 必须做不然,编译会出错

#./configure --sysconf=/usr/local/keepalived--prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

# make && make install

#cp/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

#cp/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived/etc/init.d/

#mkdir /etc/keepalived

#vi/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

#chkconfig --add keepalived

#chkconfig keepalived on #做成系统服务

#service keepalivedstart|stop|status

配置

1.    主服务器配置keepalived.conf

global_defs{

notification_email {

duhj@c-sunrise.com

}

notification_email_from duhj@c-sunrise.com

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id mysql-ha

}

vrrp_instanceVI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 100

advert_int 1

nopreempt  #不抢占,只在priority高的节点上设置

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.0.110

}

}

virtual_server192.168.0.110 3306 {

delay_loop 2

lb_algo wrr

lb_kind DR

persistence_timeout 60

protocol TCP

real_server 192.168.0.7 3306

weight 3

# notify_down /root/sh/mysql.sh

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

}

real_server 192.168.0.9 3306

weight 3

# notify_down /root/sh/mysql.sh

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

}

}

2.    从服务器配置/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

global_defs {

notification_email {

duhj@c-sunrise.com

}

notification_email_from duhj@c-sunrise.com

smtp_server 127.0.0.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id mysql-ha

}

vrrp_instanceVI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 51

priority 88

advert_int 1

nopreempt  #不抢占,只在priority高的节点上设置

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

192.168.0.110

}

}

virtual_server192.168.0.110 3306 {

delay_loop 2

lb_algo wrr

lb_kind DR

persistence_timeout 60

protocolTCP

real_server192.168.0.7 3306

weight 3

#notify_down /root/sh/mysql.sh

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

}

real_server 192.168.0.9 3306

weight 3

# notify_down /root/sh/mysql.sh

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 10

nb_get_retry 3

delay_before_retry 3

connect_port 3306

}

}

}s

Percona XtraDB Cluster安装

安装说明

安装准备

Ø 服务器版本查看

# cat /etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)

Ø 新建目录:

#mkdir -p /softwares

Ø 下载RPM包

l 下载XTRADB Cluster包

wget http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wgethttp://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56-debuginfo-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wgethttp://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel6/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-client-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

wget

http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-devel-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wgethttp://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-full-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wgethttp://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-galera-3-3.4-1.213.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wget

http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-galera-3-debuginfo-3.4-1.213.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wget

http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-server-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wget

http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-shared-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

wget

http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-56/LATEST/RPM/rhel5/x86_64/Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-test-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel5.x86_64.rpm

l 下载XTRABACKUP包

wgethttp://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/binary/redhat/5/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-2.2.3-4982.el5.x86_64.rpm

wget

http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/binary/redhat/5/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-debuginfo-2.2.3-4982.el5.x86_64.rpm

wget

ttp://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/binary/redhat/5/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-test-2.2.3-4982.el5.x86_64.rpm

Ø 安装依赖包

l 安装包准备

安装光盘package目录下:perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

wgethttp://repo.webtatic.com/yum/el6/x86_64/libmysqlclient16-5.1.69-1.w6.x86_64.rpm

wget     http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el6/en/x86_64/rpmforge/RPMS/socat-1.7.2.4-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm

wget

http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/nc-1.84-22.el6.x86_64.rpm

l 安装

rpm -ivhlibmysqlclient16-5.1.69-1.w6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivhperl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm socat-1.7.2.4-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpmnc-1.84-22.el6.x86_64.rpm

Ø 删除原有软件包

rpm -qa | grep mysql  | xargs sudo rpm -e –nodeps

安装Percona XtraDB Cluster

Ø 安装percona-xtrabackup

rpm -ivhpercona-xtrabackup-2.1.9-744.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

Ø 安装Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-galera

rpm -ivhPercona-XtraDB-Cluster-galera-3-3.5-1.216.rhel6.x86_64.rpmPercona-XtraDB-Cluster-galera-3-debuginfo-3.5-1.216.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

Ø 安装Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-client

rpm -ivhPercona-XtraDB-Cluster-client-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

Ø 安装libmysqlclient16-5.1.69-1.w6.x86_64

rpm -ivhlibmysqlclient16-5.1.69-1.w6.x86_64.rpm

Ø 安装Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-server

rpm -ivhPercona-XtraDB-Cluster-server-56-5.6.15-25.5.759.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

配置第一个节点

1、编辑配置文件

find / -name 'my-default.cnf'

cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]

# CLIENT #

port                           = 3306

socket                         =/data/munion_db/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

# GENERAL #

user                           = mysql

default-storage-engine         = InnoDB

skip-name-resolve

character-set-server           = utf8

socket                         =/data/munion_db/mysql.sock

pid-file                       =/data/munion_db/mysql.pid

# MyISAM #

key-buffer-size                = 32M

myisam-recover                 = FORCE,BACKUP

# SAFETY #

max-allowed-packet             = 16M

max-connect-errors             = 1000000

skip-name-resolve

sysdate-is-now                 = 1

innodb                         = FORCE

# DATA STORAGE #

datadir                        = /data/munion_db

# BINARY LOGGING #

log-bin                        =/data/munion_db/mysql-bin

expire-logs-days               = 14

sync-binlog                    = 1

# REPLICATION #

relay-log                      =/data/munion_db/relay-bin

slave-net-timeout              = 60

# CACHES AND LIMITS #

tmp-table-size                 = 250M

max-heap-table-size            = 250M

query-cache-type               = 0

query-cache-size               = 0

max-connections                = 2000

thread-cache-size              = 100

open-files-limit               = 65535

table-definition-cache         = 4096

table-open-cache               = 6000

# INNODB #

innodb-flush-method            = O_DIRECT

innodb-log-files-in-group      = 4

innodb-log-file-size           = 1g

innodb_log_buffer_size         = 30M

innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit = 2

innodb-file-per-table          = 1

innodb-buffer-pool-size        = 25G

innodb_buffer_pool_instances   = 24

innodb_thread_sleep_delay      = 40

innodb_change_buffer_max_size  = 50

innodb_adaptive_hash_index     = 1

init_connect='SET autocommit=0'

wait_timeout=100

#interactive_timeout=100

# LOGGING #

log-error                      =/data/munion_db/mysql-error.log

log-queries-not-using-indexes  = 1

slow-query-log                 = 1

slow-query-log-file            = /data/munion_db/mysql-slow.log

#config for wsrep

wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/libgalera_smm.so

wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.25.141.55,10.25.141.56

binlog_format=ROW

default_storage_engine=InnoDB

innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

wsrep_node_address=10.25.141.55

wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2

wsrep_cluster_name=my_centos_cluster

wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cret"

wsrep_slave_threads=8

wsrep_provider_options='gcs.max_packet_size=10485760;gcache.size=2147483648;replicator.commit_order=3'

wsrep_max_ws_rows=10485760

wsrep_max_ws_size=2147483648

#config for others

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

配置第二个节点

[mysql]

# CLIENT #

port                           = 3306

socket                         =/data/munion_db/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

# GENERAL #

user                           = mysql

default-storage-engine         = InnoDB

skip-name-resolve

character-set-server           = utf8

socket                         =/data/munion_db/mysql.sock

pid-file                       =/data/munion_db/mysql.pid

# MyISAM #

key-buffer-size                = 32M

myisam-recover                 = FORCE,BACKUP

# SAFETY #

max-allowed-packet             = 16M

max-connect-errors             = 1000000

skip-name-resolve

sysdate-is-now                 = 1

innodb                         = FORCE

# DATA STORAGE #

datadir                        = /data/munion_db

# BINARY LOGGING #

log-bin                        = /data/munion_db/mysql-bin

expire-logs-days               = 14

sync-binlog                    = 1

# REPLICATION #

relay-log                      =/data/munion_db/relay-bin

slave-net-timeout              = 60

# CACHES AND LIMITS #

tmp-table-size                 = 32M

max-heap-table-size            = 32M

query-cache-type               = 0

query-cache-size               = 0

max-connections                = 3000

thread-cache-size              = 100

open-files-limit               = 65535

table-definition-cache         = 4096

table-open-cache               = 3000

# INNODB #

innodb-flush-method            = O_DIRECT

innodb-log-files-in-group      = 4

innodb-log-file-size           = 1g

innodb_log_buffer_size         = 30M

innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit = 2

innodb-file-per-table          = 1

innodb-buffer-pool-size        = 25G

innodb_buffer_pool_instances   = 12

innodb_thread_sleep_delay      = 40

init_connect='SET autocommit=0'

wait_timeout=100

interactive_timeout=100

# LOGGING #

log-error                      =/data/munion_db/mysql-error.log

log-queries-not-using-indexes  = 1

slow-query-log                 = 1

slow-query-log-file            = /data/munion_db/mysql-slow.log

#config for wsrep

wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/libgalera_smm.so

wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.25.141.55,10.25.141.56

binlog_format=ROW

default_storage_engine=InnoDB

innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2

wsrep_node_address=10.25.141.56

wsrep_cluster_name=my_centos_cluster

#wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2

wsrep_sst_method=rsync

wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cret"

wsrep_slave_threads=8

wsrep_provider_options='gcs.max_packet_size=10485760;gcache.size=2147483648;replicator.commit_order=3'

wsrep_max_ws_rows=10485760

wsrep_max_ws_size=2147483648

#config for others

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

LVS+Keepalived配合脚本

#vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/realserver.sh

#!/bin/bash

# description: Config realserver lo andapply noarp

SNS_VIP=192.168.0.110

# /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

case "$1" in

start)

ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP

/sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1

echo "RealServer Start OK"

;;

stop)

ifconfig lo:0 down

route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

echo "RealServer Stoped"

;;

*)

echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"

exit 1

esac

exit 0

启动相关服务

Ø 主备LVS

#servicekeepalived start #启动keepalived服务

Ø MySQL Cluster中的2台SQL节点

#cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/

#chmod 755 realserver.sh

#./realserver.sh

测试

方法一:

#telnet192.168.0.110 3306

方法二:

使用mysql的各种客户端工具连接mysql。

陳述
本文內容由網友自願投稿,版權歸原作者所有。本站不承擔相應的法律責任。如發現涉嫌抄襲或侵權的內容,請聯絡admin@php.cn
MySQL的許可與其他數據庫系統相比如何?MySQL的許可與其他數據庫系統相比如何?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:26 AM

MySQL使用的是GPL許可證。 1)GPL許可證允許自由使用、修改和分發MySQL,但修改後的分發需遵循GPL。 2)商業許可證可避免公開修改,適合需要保密的商業應用。

您什麼時候選擇InnoDB而不是Myisam,反之亦然?您什麼時候選擇InnoDB而不是Myisam,反之亦然?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:22 AM

選擇InnoDB而不是MyISAM的情況包括:1)需要事務支持,2)高並發環境,3)需要高數據一致性;反之,選擇MyISAM的情況包括:1)主要是讀操作,2)不需要事務支持。 InnoDB適合需要高數據一致性和事務處理的應用,如電商平台,而MyISAM適合讀密集型且無需事務的應用,如博客系統。

在MySQL中解釋外鍵的目的。在MySQL中解釋外鍵的目的。Apr 25, 2025 am 12:17 AM

在MySQL中,外鍵的作用是建立表與表之間的關係,確保數據的一致性和完整性。外鍵通過引用完整性檢查和級聯操作維護數據的有效性,使用時需注意性能優化和避免常見錯誤。

MySQL中有哪些不同類型的索引?MySQL中有哪些不同類型的索引?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:12 AM

MySQL中有四種主要的索引類型:B-Tree索引、哈希索引、全文索引和空間索引。 1.B-Tree索引適用於範圍查詢、排序和分組,適合在employees表的name列上創建。 2.哈希索引適用於等值查詢,適合在MEMORY存儲引擎的hash_table表的id列上創建。 3.全文索引用於文本搜索,適合在articles表的content列上創建。 4.空間索引用於地理空間查詢,適合在locations表的geom列上創建。

您如何在MySQL中創建索引?您如何在MySQL中創建索引?Apr 25, 2025 am 12:06 AM

toCreateAnIndexinMysql,usethecReateIndexStatement.1)forasingLecolumn,使用“ createIndexIdx_lastNameEnemployees(lastName); 2)foracompositeIndex,使用“ createIndexIndexIndexIndexIndexDx_nameOmplayees(lastName,firstName,firstName);” 3)forauniqe instex,creationexexexexex,

MySQL與Sqlite有何不同?MySQL與Sqlite有何不同?Apr 24, 2025 am 12:12 AM

MySQL和SQLite的主要區別在於設計理念和使用場景:1.MySQL適用於大型應用和企業級解決方案,支持高性能和高並發;2.SQLite適合移動應用和桌面軟件,輕量級且易於嵌入。

MySQL中的索引是什麼?它們如何提高性能?MySQL中的索引是什麼?它們如何提高性能?Apr 24, 2025 am 12:09 AM

MySQL中的索引是數據庫表中一列或多列的有序結構,用於加速數據檢索。 1)索引通過減少掃描數據量提升查詢速度。 2)B-Tree索引利用平衡樹結構,適合範圍查詢和排序。 3)創建索引使用CREATEINDEX語句,如CREATEINDEXidx_customer_idONorders(customer_id)。 4)複合索引可優化多列查詢,如CREATEINDEXidx_customer_orderONorders(customer_id,order_date)。 5)使用EXPLAIN分析查詢計劃,避

說明如何使用MySQL中的交易來確保數據一致性。說明如何使用MySQL中的交易來確保數據一致性。Apr 24, 2025 am 12:09 AM

在MySQL中使用事務可以確保數據一致性。 1)通過STARTTRANSACTION開始事務,執行SQL操作後用COMMIT提交或ROLLBACK回滾。 2)使用SAVEPOINT可以設置保存點,允許部分回滾。 3)性能優化建議包括縮短事務時間、避免大規模查詢和合理使用隔離級別。

See all articles

熱AI工具

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

人工智慧驅動的應用程序,用於創建逼真的裸體照片

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

用於從照片中去除衣服的線上人工智慧工具。

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

免費脫衣圖片

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI脫衣器

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

使用我們完全免費的人工智慧換臉工具,輕鬆在任何影片中換臉!

熱工具

WebStorm Mac版

WebStorm Mac版

好用的JavaScript開發工具

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser

Safe Exam Browser是一個安全的瀏覽器環境,安全地進行線上考試。該軟體將任何電腦變成一個安全的工作站。它控制對任何實用工具的訪問,並防止學生使用未經授權的資源。

SublimeText3 Linux新版

SublimeText3 Linux新版

SublimeText3 Linux最新版

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis是一個易於部署的基於Web的缺陷追蹤工具,用於幫助產品缺陷追蹤。它需要PHP、MySQL和一個Web伺服器。請查看我們的演示和託管服務。

SublimeText3 Mac版

SublimeText3 Mac版

神級程式碼編輯軟體(SublimeText3)