這篇筆記用來整理Collection 在Laravel 的實際應用場景。
求和
需求:遍歷$orders 數組,求price 的和。
<?php // 引入package require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php'; $orders = [[ 'id' => 1, 'user_id' => 1, 'number' => '13908080808', 'status' => 0, 'fee' => 10, 'discount' => 44, 'order_products'=> [ ['order_id'=>1,'product_id'=>1,'param'=>'6寸','price'=>555.00,'product'=>['id'=>1,'name'=>'蛋糕名称','images'=>[]]], ['order_id'=>1,'product_id'=>1,'param'=>'7寸','price'=>333.00,'product'=>['id'=>1,'name'=>'蛋糕名称','images'=>[]]], ], ]];1.使用傳統的foreach 方式進行遍歷:
$sum = 0; foreach ($orders as $order) { foreach ($order['order_products'] as $item) { $sum += $item['price']; } } echo $sum;2.使用集合的map、flatten、sum:
$sum = collect($orders)->map(function($order){ return $order['order_products']; })->flatten(1)->map(function($order){ return $order['price']; })->sum(); echo $sum;
map:遍歷集合,傳回一個新的集合。
flatten:將多維數組轉換為一維。
sum:傳回數組的和。
$sum = collect($orders)->flatMap(function($order){ return $order['order_products']; })->pluck('price')->sum(); echo $sum;
flatMap:和map
類似,不過差別在於flatMap
可以直接使用傳回的新集合。
$sum = collect($orders)->flatMap(function($order){ return $order['order_products']; })->sum('price');
sum:可以接收一個列名作為參數來求和。
格式化資料
需求:將如下結構的數組,格式化成下面的新數組。
// 带格式化数组 $gates = [ 'BaiYun_A_A17', 'BeiJing_J7', 'ShuangLiu_K203', 'HongQiao_A157', 'A2', 'BaiYun_B_B230' ]; // 新数组 $boards = [ 'A17', 'J7', 'K203', 'A157', 'A2', 'B230' ];1.使用foreach 進行遍歷:
$res = []; foreach($gates as $key => $gate) { if(strpos($gate, '_') === false) { $res[$key] = $gate; }else{ $offset = strrpos($gate, '_') + 1; $res[$key] = mb_substr($gate , $offset); } } var_dump($res);2.使用集合的map以及php 的explode、end:
$res = collect($gates)->map(function($gate) { $parts = explode('_', $gate); return end($parts); });3.使用集合的map、explode、last、toArray:
$res = collect($gates)->map(function($gate) { return collect(explode('_', $gate))->last(); })->toArray();
explode:將字串分割成陣列
last:取得最後一個元素
統計GitHub Event
#首先,透過此連結取得到個人事件json。
一個PushEvent計
5 分,一個CreateEvent
計4 分,一個IssueCommentEvent計
3 分,一個IssueCommentEvent
#計2 分,除此之外的其它類型的事件計1 分,計算當前用戶的時間得分總和。
$opts = [ 'http' => [ 'method' => 'GET', 'header' => [ 'User-Agent: PHP' ] ] ]; $context = stream_context_create($opts); $events = json_decode(file_get_contents('http://api.github.com/users/0xAiKang/events', false, $context), true);1.傳統foreach 方式:
$eventTypes = []; // 事件类型 $score = 0; // 总得分 foreach ($events as $event) { $eventTypes[] = $event['type']; } foreach($eventTypes as $eventType) { switch ($eventType) { case 'PushEvent': $score += 5; break; case 'CreateEvent': $score += 4; break; case 'IssueEvent': $score += 3; break; case 'IssueCommentEvent': $score += 2; break; default: $score += 1; break; } }2.使用集合的map、pluck、sum 方法:
$score = $events->pluck('type')->map(function($eventType) { switch ($eventType) { case 'PushEvent': return 5; case 'CreateEvent': return 4; case 'IssueEvent': return 3; case 'IssueCommentEvent': return 2; default: return 1; } })->sum();
使用集合的鍊式編程,可以很好地解決上面那種多次遍歷的問題。
3.使用集合中的map、pluck、get 方法:$score = $events->pluck('type')->map(function($eventType) { return collect([ 'PushEvent'=> 5, 'CreateEvent'=> 4, 'IssueEvent'=> 3, 'IssueCommentEvent'=> 2 ])->get($eventType, 1); // 如果不存在则默认等于1 })->sum();4.嘗試將該需求,封裝成一個類別:
class GithubScore { private $events; private function __construct($events){ $this->events = $events; } public static function score($events) { return (new static($events))->scoreEvents(); } private function scoreEvents() { return $this->events->pluck('type')->map(function($eventType){ return $this->lookupEventScore($eventType, 1); })->sum(); } public function lookupEventScore($eventType, $default_value) { return collect([ 'PushEvent'=> 5, 'CreateEvent'=> 4, 'IssueEvent'=> 3, 'IssueCommentEvent'=> 2 ])->get($eventType, $default_value); // 如果不存在则默认等于1 } } var_dump(GithubScore::score($events));
格式化資料
需求:將以下資料格式化成新的結構。
$messages = [ 'Should be working now for all Providers.', 'If you see one where spaces are in the title let me know.', 'But there should not have blank in the key of config or .env file.' ]; // 格式化之后的结果 - Should be working now for all Providers. \n - If you see one where spaces are in the title let me know. \n - But there should not have blank in the key of config or .env file.1.傳統foreach 的方式:
$comment = '- ' . array_shift($messages); foreach ($messages as $message) { $comment .= "\n - ${message}"; } var_dump($comment);2.使用集合的map、implode方法:
$comment = collect($messages)->map(function($message){ return '- ' . $message; })->implode("\n"); var_dump($comment);
多個陣列求差
需求:兩組資料分別代表去年的營收和今年的營收,求每個月的盈虧狀況。
$lastYear = [ 6345.75, 9839.45, 7134.60, 9479.50, 9928.0, 8652.00, 7658.40, 10245.40, 7889.40, 3892.40, 3638.40, 2339.40 ]; $thisYear = [ 6145.75, 6895.00, 3434.00, 9349350, 9478.60, 7652.80, 4758.40, 10945.40, 3689.40, 8992.40, 7588.40, 2239.40 ];1.傳統的foreach 方式:
$profit = []; foreach($thisYear as $key => $monthly){ $profit[$key] = $monthly - $lastYear[$key]; } var_dump($profit);2.使用集合的zip、first、last:
$profit = collect($thisYear)->zip($lastYear)->map(function($monthly){ return $monthly->first() - $monthly->last(); });
zip:將給定數組的值與相應索引處的原始集合的值合併在一起。
建立lookup 陣列
需求:將以下陣列格式化成下面的結果:
$employees = [ [ 'name' => 'example', 'email' => 'example@exmaple.com', 'company' => 'example Inc.' ], [ 'name' => 'Lucy', 'email' => 'lucy@example.com', 'company' => 'ibm Inc.' ], [ 'name' => 'Taylor', 'email' => 'toylor@laravel.com', 'company'=>'Laravel Inc.' ] ]; // 格式化之后的结果 $lookup = [ 'example' => 'example@example.com', 'Lucy' => ‘lucy@example.com’, 'Taylor'=> 'toylor@laravel.com' ];1.傳統的foreach 方式:
$emails = []; foreach ($employees as $key => $value) { $emails[$value['name']] = $value['email']; }2.使用集合的reduce 方法:
$emails = collect($employees)->reduce(function($emailLookup, $employee){ $emailLookup[$employee['name']] = $employee['email']; return $emailLookup; },[]);
reduce:將每次迭代的結果傳遞給下一次迭代直到集合減少為單一值。
3.使用集合的pluck 方法:$emails = collect($employees)->pluck('name', 'email');