Linux環境如何安裝PHP7.0

這篇文章跟大家介紹Linux環境安裝PHP7.0的方法。有一定的參考價值，有需要的朋友可以參考一下，希望對大家有幫助。

PHP7和HHVM比較

PHP7的在真實場景的性能確實已經和HHVM相當, 在一些場景甚至超過了HHVM。 HHVM的運維複雜, 是多線程模型, 這就代表著如果一個線程導致crash了, 那麼整個服務就掛了, 並且它不會自動重啟。另外它採用JIT, 那麼意味著, 重啟以後要預熱, 沒有預熱的情況下, 性能較為糟糕。並且多執行緒模型調試困難, 這對於追求穩定來說的Web服務來說, 是非常不適合的。

Nginx以及PHP7.0之前的版本可以參考此文：Linux環境Nginx安裝與調試以及PHP安裝

PHP7.0正式版已經在2015年11月份左右發布，目前是PHP7.0.2版本，本人最早是從2015年8月php7的第一個測試版跟起，現在正式版發布。

linux版本：64位元CentOS 6.6

Nginx版本：nginx1.8.0

php版本：php-7.0.2

#

# wget  http://php.net/get/php-7.0.2.tar.gz/from/a/mirror

建議安裝之前先看看安裝說明檔INSTALL

解壓縮安裝

# tar zxvf php-7.0.2.tar.gz
# cd php-7.0.2

#先查看安裝說明

# ./configure   --help
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
 --with-curl \
 --with-freetype-dir \
 --with-gd \
 --with-gettext \
 --with-iconv-dir \
 --with-kerberos \
 --with-libdir=lib64 \
 --with-libxml-dir \
 --with-mysqli \
 --with-openssl \
 --with-pcre-regex \
 --with-pdo-mysql \
 --with-pdo-sqlite \
 --with-pear \
 --with-png-dir \
 --with-xmlrpc \
 --with-xsl \
 --with-zlib \
 --enable-fpm \
 --enable-bcmath \
 --enable-libxml \
 --enable-inline-optimization \
 --enable-gd-native-ttf \
 --enable-mbregex \
 --enable-mbstring \
 --enable-opcache \
 --enable-pcntl \
 --enable-shmop \
 --enable-soap \
 --enable-sockets \
 --enable-sysvsem \
 --enable-xml \
 --enable-zip

如果設定錯誤，需要安裝需要的模組，直接yum一併安裝依賴函式庫

# yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel mysql pcre-devel

注意：安裝php7beta3的時候有幾處配置不過去，需要yum一下，現在php-7.0.2已經不用這樣了。

# yum -y install curl-devel
# yum -y install libxslt-devel

編譯安裝

# make &&  make install

#設定檔

#  cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
# 
 cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf # 
 cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
# 
 cp -R ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

要注意的是php7中www.conf這個設定檔配置phpfpm的連接埠號碼等信息，如果你修改預設的9000埠號碼需在這裡改，再改nginx的設定

啟動

#  /etc/init.d/php-fpm

查看phpinfo()

#php7和php5效能分析比較

<?php
//time /usr/local/php5/bin/php search_by_key.php
$a = array();
    for($i=0;$i<600000;$i++){
        $a[$i] = $i;
        }

    foreach($a as $i)
    {
        array_key_exists($i, $a);
    }
?>

產生一個60 萬個元素的數組，透過尋找key 的方式，來確定key是否存在。

PHP 5.4.44 版

[root@localhost www5.4.44]# time /usr/local/php5.4.44/bin/php search_by_key.php

real    0m0 .351s

user    0m0.300s

sys     0m0.050s

##PHP 5.5.28 版

[root@localhost www]# time /usr/ local/php/bin/php search_by_key.php

real    0m0.361s

user    0m0.304s

sys     0m0.057s##real##PHP ##sys     0m0.057s##real##.P ##sys#.0.版

[root@localhost www7]# time /usr/local/php7/bin/php search_by_key.php

real    0m0.114s

user    0m0.097s

sys     0m0.017s

很明顯php7的效能是php5的3倍！

設定opcache

官網位址：http://php.net/opcache

使用下列建議設定來獲得較好的效能：

opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
opcache.fast_shutdown=1
opcache.enable_cli=1

你也可以停用opcache.save_comments 並且啟用opcache.enable_file_override。需要提醒的是，在生產環境中使用上述配置之前，必須經過嚴格測試。因為上述配置存在一個已知問題，它會引發一些框架和應用的異常， 尤其是在存在文檔使用了備註註解的時候。

vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini

# 加入

重啟

# killall php-fpm
#  /etc/init.d/php-fpm

#如果上圖不太明白，可以使用文末Opcache 狀態測試程式碼(https:/ /gist.github.com/ck-on/4959032) 進行示範：



Opcache 狀態測試程式碼(https://gist.github.com /ck-on/4959032) 進行示範：

<?php /*
OCP - Opcache Control Panel (aka Zend Optimizer+ Control Panel for PHP)
Author: _ck_ (with contributions by GK, stasilok)
Version: 0.1.6
Free for any kind of use or modification, I am not responsible for anything, please share your improvements
 
* revision history
0.1.6 2013-04-12 moved meta to footer so graphs can be higher and reduce clutter
0.1.5 2013-04-12 added graphs to visualize cache state, please report any browser/style bugs
0.1.4 2013-04-09 added "recheck" to update files when using large revalidate_freq (or validate_timestamps=Off)
0.1.3 2013-03-30 show host and php version, can bookmark with hashtag ie. #statistics - needs new layout asap
0.1.2 2013-03-25 show optimization levels, number formatting, support for start_time in 7.0.2
0.1.1 2013-03-18 today Zend completely renamed Optimizer+ to OPcache, adjusted OCP to keep working
0.1.0 2013-03-17 added group/sort indicators, replaced "accelerator_" functions with "opcache_"
0.0.6 2013-03-16 transition support as Zend renames product and functions for PHP 5.5 (stasilok)
0.0.5 2013-03-10 added refresh button (GK)
0.0.4 2013-02-18 added file grouping and sorting (click on headers) - code needs cleanup but gets the job done
0.0.2 2013-02-14 first public release
 
* known problems/limitations:
Unlike APC, the Zend OPcache API
- cannot determine when a file was put into the cache
- cannot change settings on the fly
- cannot protect opcache functions by restricting execution to only specific scripts/paths
 
* todo:
Extract variables for prefered ordering and better layout instead of just dumping into tables
File list filter
 
*/
 
// ini_set(&#39;display_errors&#39;,1); error_reporting(-1);
if ( count(get_included_files())>1 || php_sapi_name()=='cli' || empty($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ) { die; } // weak block against indirect access
 
$time=time();
define('CACHEPREFIX',function_exists('opcache_reset')?'opcache_':(function_exists('accelerator_reset')?'accelerator_':''));
 
if ( !empty($_GET['RESET']) ) {	
if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'reset') ) { call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'reset'); }
header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) );
exit;
}
 
if ( !empty($_GET['RECHECK']) ) {
if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate') ) {
$recheck=trim($_GET['RECHECK']); $files=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status');
if (!empty($files['scripts'])) {
foreach ($files['scripts'] as $file=>$value) {
if ( $recheck==='1' || strpos($file,$recheck)===0 ) call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate',$file);
}
}
header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) );
} else { echo 'Sorry, this feature requires Zend Opcache newer than April 8th 2013'; }
exit;
}
 
?>nbsp;html>


<title>OCP - Opcache Control Panel</title>
<meta>
 
<style>
body {background-color: #fff; color: #000;}
body, td, th, h1, h2 {font-family: sans-serif;}
pre {margin: 0px; font-family: monospace;}
a:link,a:visited {color: #000099; text-decoration: none;}
a:hover {text-decoration: underline;}
table {border-collapse: collapse; width: 600px; }
.center {text-align: center;}
.center table { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;}
.center th { text-align: center !important; }
.middle {vertical-align:middle;}
td, th { border: 1px solid #000; font-size: 75%; vertical-align: baseline; padding: 3px; }
h1 {font-size: 150%;}
h2 {font-size: 125%;}
.p {text-align: left;}
.e {background-color: #ccccff; font-weight: bold; color: #000; width:50%; white-space:nowrap;}
.h {background-color: #9999cc; font-weight: bold; color: #000;}
.v {background-color: #cccccc; color: #000;}
.vr {background-color: #cccccc; text-align: right; color: #000; white-space: nowrap;}
.b {font-weight:bold;}
.white, .white a {color:#fff;}
img {float: right; border: 0px;}
hr {width: 600px; background-color: #cccccc; border: 0px; height: 1px; color: #000;}
.meta, .small {font-size: 75%; }
.meta {margin: 2em 0;}
.meta a, th a {padding: 10px; white-space:nowrap; }
.buttons {margin:0 0 1em;}
.buttons a {margin:0 15px; background-color: #9999cc; color:#fff; text-decoration:none; padding:1px; border:1px solid #000; display:inline-block; width:5em; text-align:center;}
#files td.v a {font-weight:bold; color:#9999cc; margin:0 10px 0 5px; text-decoration:none; font-size:120%;}
#files td.v a:hover {font-weight:bold; color:#ee0000;}
.graph {display:inline-block; width:145px; margin:1em 0 1em 1px; border:0; vertical-align:top;}
.graph table {width:100%; height:150px; border:0; padding:0; margin:5px 0 0 0; position:relative;}
.graph td {vertical-align:middle; border:0; padding:0 0 0 5px;}
.graph .bar {width:25px; text-align:right; padding:0 2px; color:#fff;}
.graph .total {width:34px; text-align:center; padding:0 5px 0 0;}
.graph .total p {border:1px dashed #888; border-right:0; height:99%; width:12px; position:absolute; bottom:0; left:17px; z-index:-1;}
.graph .total span {background:#fff; font-weight:bold;}
.graph .actual {text-align:right; font-weight:bold; padding:0 5px 0 0;}
.graph .red {background:#ee0000;}
.graph .green {background:#00cc00;}
.graph .brown {background:#8B4513;}
</style>
<!--[if lt IE 9]><script type="text/javascript" defer="defer">
window.οnlοad=function(){var i,t=document.getElementsByTagName(&#39;table&#39;);for(i=0;i<t.length;i++){if(t[i].parentNode.className==&#39;graph&#39;)t[i].style.height=150-(t[i].clientHeight-150)+&#39;px&#39;;}}
</script><![endif]-->

 

<p>
 
</p><h1 id="a-Opcache-Control-Panel-a"><a>Opcache Control Panel</a></h1>
 
<p>
<a>Details</a>
<a>Files</a>
<a>Reset</a>
<?php  if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.&#39;invalidate&#39;) ) { ?>
<a>Recheck</a>
<?php  } ?>
<a>Refresh</a>
</p>
 
<?php  
if ( !function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.&#39;get_status&#39;) ) { echo &#39;<h2>Opcache not detected?'; die; }
 
if ( !empty($_GET['FILES']) ) { echo '<h2 id="files-cached">files cached</h2>'; files_display(); echo ''; exit; }
 
if ( !(isset($_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) && !$_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) && CACHEPREFIX=='opcache_') { graphs_display(); if ( !empty($_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) ) { exit; } }
 
ob_start(); phpinfo(8); $phpinfo = ob_get_contents(); ob_end_clean(); // some info is only available via phpinfo? sadly buffering capture has to be used
if ( !preg_match( '/module\_Zend (Optimizer\+|OPcache).+?(\

]*\>.+?\).+?(\]*\>.+?\)/s', $phpinfo, $opcache) ) { } // todo   if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration') ) { echo '

general

'; $configuration=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration'); }   $host=function_exists('gethostname')?@gethostname():@php_uname('n'); if (empty($host)) { $host=empty($_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'])?$_SERVER['HOST_NAME']:$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']; } $version=array('Host'=>$host); $version['PHP Version']='PHP '.(defined('PHP_VERSION')?PHP_VERSION:'???').' '.(defined('PHP_SAPI')?PHP_SAPI:'').' '.(defined('PHP_OS')?' '.PHP_OS:''); $version['Opcache Version']=empty($configuration['version']['version'])?'???':$configuration['version'][CACHEPREFIX.'product_name'].' '.$configuration['version']['version']; print_table($version);   if ( !empty($opcache[2]) ) { echo preg_replace('/\\

[^>]+\\

[0-9\,\. ]+\\/','',$opcache[2]); }   if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status') && $status=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status') ) { $uptime=array(); if ( !empty($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time']) ) { $uptime['uptime']=time_since($time,$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time'],1,''); } if ( !empty($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']) ) { $uptime['last_restart']=time_since($time,$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']); } if (!empty($uptime)) {print_table($uptime);} if ( !empty($status['cache_full']) ) { $status['memory_usage']['cache_full']=$status['cache_full']; } echo '

memory

'; print_table($status['memory_usage']); unset($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time'],$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']); echo '

statistics

'; print_table($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']); }   if ( empty($_GET['ALL']) ) { meta_display(); exit; } if ( !empty($configuration['blacklist']) ) { echo '

blacklist

'; print_table($configuration['blacklist']); }   if ( !empty($opcache[3]) ) { echo '

runtime

'; echo $opcache[3]; }   $name='zend opcache'; $functions=get_extension_funcs($name); if (!$functions) { $name='zend optimizer+'; $functions=get_extension_funcs($name); } if ($functions) { echo '

functions

'; print_table($functions); } else { $name=''; }   $level=trim(CACHEPREFIX,'_').'.optimization_level'; if (isset($configuration['directives'][$level])) { echo '

optimization levels

'; $levelset=strrev(base_convert($configuration['directives'][$level], 10, 2)); $levels=array( 1=>'Constants subexpressions elimination (CSE) true, false, null, etc.
Optimize series of ADD_STRING / ADD_CHAR
Convert CAST(IS_BOOL,x) into BOOL(x)
Convert INIT_FCALL_BY_NAME + DO_FCALL_BY_NAME into DO_FCALL', 2=>'Convert constant operands to expected types
Convert conditional JMP with constant operands
Optimize static BRK and CONT', 3=>'Convert $a = $a + expr into $a += expr
Convert $a++ into ++$a
Optimize series of JMP', 4=>'PRINT and ECHO optimization (defunct)', 5=>'Block Optimization - most expensive pass
Performs many different optimization patterns based on control flow graph (CFG)', 9=>'Optimize register allocation (allows re-usage of temporary variables)', 10=>'Remove NOPs' ); echo ''; foreach ($levels as $pass=>$description) { $disabled=substr($levelset,$pass-1,1)!=='1' || $pass==4 ? ' white':''; echo ''; } echo '

Pass	Description
'.$pass.'	'.$description.'

'; }   if ( isset($_GET['DUMP']) ) { if ($name) { echo '

ini

'; print_table(ini_get_all($name,true)); } foreach ($configuration as $key=>$value) { echo '

',$key,'

'; print_table($configuration[$key]); } exit; }   meta_display();   echo '

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