前言:
叢集是指透過新增伺服器的數量,提供相同的服務,讓如武器達到穩定、有效率的狀態。為什麼要使用redis叢集呢? redis集群可以強化的redis的讀寫能力。
下面我們就來正式學習下redis集群。
準備工作:
需要4個元件:Redis、Ruby語言運作環境、Redis的Ruby驅動redis-xxxx.gem、建立Redis叢集的工具redis-trib.rb。使用redis-trib.rb工具來建立Redis集群,由於該檔案是用ruby語言寫的,所以需要安裝Ruby開發環境,以及驅動redis-xxxx.gem。
1)下載Redis安裝檔:https://github.com/MSOpenTech/redis/releases/,Redis提供msi和zip格式的下載文件,這裡下載zip格式Redis-x64-3.2.100版本。
2)下載Ruby安裝檔:http://dl.bintray.com/oneclick/rubyinstaller/rubyinstaller-2.2.4-x64.exe
3)下載Ruby環境下Redis的驅動程式:https://rubygems.org/gems/redis/versions/3.2.2,考慮到相容性,這裡下載的是3.2.2版本
注意:下載在頁面右下角相關連接一項中
4)下載Redis官方提供的創建Redis叢集的ruby腳本檔案redis-trib.rb,路徑如下:https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MSOpenTech /redis/3.0/src/redis-trib.rb
安裝Redis
將下載到的Redis-x64-3.2.100.zip解壓縮即可,為了方便使用,建議放在磁碟機根目錄下,如:D:\Redis-Cluster\Redis-x64-3.2.100。
安裝Redis,並執行3個實例(Redis叢集需要至少3個以上節點,低於3個無法建立);
透過設定檔來啟動6個不同的Redis實例,由於Redis預設連接埠為6379,所以這裡使用了6380、6381、6382、6383、6384、6385來運行6個Redis實例。
注意:
(1)為了避免不必要的錯誤,設定檔盡量儲存為utf8格式,並且不要包含註解;
(2)設定檔中以下兩種保存日誌的方式(保存在檔案中、儲存到System Log中)請根據需求選擇其中一種即可:
loglevel notice #日志的记录级别,notice是适合生产环境的 logfile "D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/Logs/redis6380_log.txt" #指定log的保持路径,默认是创建在Redis安装目录下,如果有子目录需要手动创建,如此处的Logs目录 syslog-enabled yes #是否使用系统日志 syslog-ident redis6380 #在系统日志的标识名
這裡使用了保存在檔案中的方式,所以先在Redis目錄D:\Redis-Cluster\Redis-x64-3.2.100下新Logs資料夾。
在Redis安裝根目錄下,建立編碼格式為utf-8的設定檔:redis.6380.conf、redis.6381.conf、redis.6382.conf、redis.6383.conf、redis. 6384.conf、redis.6385.conf。
redis.6380.conf、
port 6380 loglevel notice logfile "D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/Logs/redis6380_log.txt" appendonly yes appendfilename "appendonly.6380.aof" cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.6380.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000 cluster-slave-validity-factor 10 cluster-migration-barrier 1 cluster-require-full-coverage yes
redis.6381.conf、
port 6381 loglevel notice logfile "D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/Logs/redis6381_log.txt" appendonly yes appendfilename "appendonly.6381.aof" cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.6381.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000 cluster-slave-validity-factor 10 cluster-migration-barrier 1 cluster-require-full-coverage yes
redis.6382.conf、
port 6382 loglevel notice logfile "D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/Logs/redis6382_log.txt" appendonly yes appendfilename "appendonly.6382.aof" cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.6382.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000 cluster-slave-validity-factor 10 cluster-migration-barrier 1 cluster-require-full-coverage yes
redis.6383.conf、
port 6383 loglevel notice logfile "D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/Logs/redis6383_log.txt" appendonly yes appendfilename "appendonly.6383.aof" cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.6383.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000 cluster-slave-validity-factor 10 cluster-migration-barrier 1 cluster-require-full-coverage yes
redis.6384.conf、
port 6384 loglevel notice logfile "D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/Logs/redis6384_log.txt" appendonly yes appendfilename "appendonly.6384.aof" cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.6384.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000 cluster-slave-validity-factor 10 cluster-migration-barrier 1 cluster-require-full-coverage yes
redis.6385.conf
port 6385 loglevel notice logfile "D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/Logs/redis6385_log.txt" appendonly yes appendfilename "appendonly.6385.aof" cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.6385.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000 cluster-slave-validity-factor 10 cluster-migration-barrier 1 cluster-require-full-coverage yes
##
port 6380 #端口号 loglevel notice #日志的记录级别,notice是适合生产环境的 logfile "Logs/redis6380_log.txt" #指定log的保持路径,默认是创建在Redis安装目录下,如果有子目录需要手动创建,如此处的Logs目录 syslog-enabled yes #是否使用系统日志 syslog-ident redis6380 #在系统日志的标识名 appendonly yes #数据的保存为aof格式 appendfilename "appendonly.6380.aof" #数据保存文件 cluster-enabled yes #是否开启集群 cluster-config-file nodes.6380.conf cluster-node-timeout 15000 cluster-slave-validity-factor 10 cluster-migration-barrier 1 cluster-require-full-coverage yes(學習影片分享:redis影片教學)設定解釋如下:
D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-install D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6380.conf --service-name redis6380 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-install D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6381.conf --service-name redis6381 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-install D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6382.conf --service-name redis6382 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-install D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6383.conf --service-name redis6383 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-install D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6384.conf --service-name redis6384 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-install D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6385.conf --service-name redis6385將上述設定檔儲存到Redis目錄下,並使用這些設定檔安裝6個redis服務,指令如下:
D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-uninstall D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6380.conf --service-name redis6380 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-uninstall D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6381.conf --service-name redis6381 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-uninstall D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6382.conf --service-name redis6382 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-uninstall D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6383.conf --service-name redis6383 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-uninstall D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6384.conf --service-name redis6384 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-uninstall D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis.6385.conf --service-name redis6385注意:1)redis.6380.conf等設定檔最好使用完整路徑,避免重啟Redis叢集出現問題# 2)卸載指令為:
D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-start --service-name redis6380 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-start --service-name redis6381 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-start --service-name redis6382 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-start --service-name redis6383 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-start --service-name redis6384 D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-server.exe --service-start --service-name redis6385啟動這6個服務,指令如下:
gem install --local path_to_gem/filename.gem執行結果:
##安裝ruby
(1)Ruby環境安裝。
雙擊下載的「rubyinstaller-2.2.4-x64.exe」安裝即可,同樣,為了操作方便,也是建議安裝在磁碟機根目錄下,如: C:\Ruby22-x64 ,安裝時這裡選取後兩個選項,
意思是將ruby加入系統的環境變數中,在cmd指令中能直接使用ruby的指令
(1)安裝Ruby環境下Redis的驅動程式
將下載的"Ruby環境下Redis的驅動程式檔案(redis-3.2.2.gem)"拷貝到Ruby安裝根目錄(C:\Ruby22- x64)下。
然後執行安裝指令如下:
D:\Redis-Cluster\Redis-x64-3.2.100>redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:6380 127.0.0.1:6381 127.0.0.1:6382 127.0.0.1:6383 127.0.0.1:6384 127.0.0.1:6385 >>> Creating cluster Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6380: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6381: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6382: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6383: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6384: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6385: OK >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... Using 3 masters: 127.0.0.1:6380 127.0.0.1:6381 127.0.0.1:6382 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6383 to 127.0.0.1:6380 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6384 to 127.0.0.1:6381 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6385 to 127.0.0.1:6382 M: bb6ef615bb0ae13275943caec0db9d30b9f35c5e 127.0.0.1:6380 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master M: b4d120f2983ad683f7b68992e1ba414722238db7 127.0.0.1:6381 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master M: 837779b3965e2c9d4dd4385750aaaaf9a9039fb0 127.0.0.1:6382 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master S: 5d154137180284d926ef51a91fc75f9438249ef8 127.0.0.1:6383 replicates bb6ef615bb0ae13275943caec0db9d30b9f35c5e S: ad151680a3e36cf2083ef822be0bdb075a7d36de 127.0.0.1:6384 replicates b4d120f2983ad683f7b68992e1ba414722238db7 S: 9a2260a5a6a2add84b622a453a6a7b86a29d180d 127.0.0.1:6385 replicates 837779b3965e2c9d4dd4385750aaaaf9a9039fb0 Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes >>> Nodes configuration updated >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster Waiting for the cluster to join... >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 127.0.0.1:6380)M: bb6ef615bb0ae13275943caec0db9d30b9f35c5e 127.0.0.1:6380 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master M: b4d120f2983ad683f7b68992e1ba414722238db7 127.0.0.1:6381 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master M: 837779b3965e2c9d4dd4385750aaaaf9a9039fb0 127.0.0.1:6382 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master M: 5d154137180284d926ef51a91fc75f9438249ef8 127.0.0.1:6383 slots: (0 slots) master replicates bb6ef615bb0ae13275943caec0db9d30b9f35c5e M: ad151680a3e36cf2083ef822be0bdb075a7d36de 127.0.0.1:6384 slots: (0 slots) master replicates b4d120f2983ad683f7b68992e1ba414722238db7 M: 9a2260a5a6a2add84b622a453a6a7b86a29d180d 127.0.0.1:6385 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 837779b3965e2c9d4dd4385750aaaaf9a9039fb0 [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
建立Redis叢集
將下載的「建立Redis叢集的ruby腳本檔案redis- trib.rb」檔案拷貝到Redis安裝根目錄(D:\Redis-Cluster\Redis-x64-3.2.100)下。
(1)使用redis-trib.rb來建立Redis叢集
MD下切換到Redis目錄(D:\Redis-Cluster\Redis-x64-3.2.100)
D:/Redis-Cluster/Redis-x64-3.2.100/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:6380 127.0.0.1:6381 127.0.0.1:6382 1:27. 0.1:6384 127.0.0.1:6385
、create:创建集群 、check:检查集群 、info:查看集群信息 、fix:修复集群 、reshard:在线迁移slot 、rebalance:平衡集群节点slot数量 、add-node:将新节点加入集群 、del-node:从集群中删除节点 、set-timeout:设置集群节点间心跳连接的超时时间 、call:在集群全部节点上执行命令 、import:将外部redis数据导入集群
備註:
(1)--replicas #指定集群中每个主节点配备几个从节点,这里设置为1。
(2)redis-trib.rb工具的使用
、create:创建集群 、check:检查集群 、info:查看集群信息 、fix:修复集群 、reshard:在线迁移slot 、rebalance:平衡集群节点slot数量 、add-node:将新节点加入集群 、del-node:从集群中删除节点 、set-timeout:设置集群节点间心跳连接的超时时间 、call:在集群全部节点上执行命令 、import:将外部redis数据导入集群
(2)检验是否真的创建成功
输入以下命令:
redis-trib.rb check 127.0.0.1:6380
如果现实信息如下,则说明创建的Redis集群是没问题。
D:\Redis-Cluster\Redis-x64-3.2.100>redis-trib.rb check 127.0.0.1:6380 Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6380: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6383: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6382: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6384: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6385: OK Connecting to node 127.0.0.1:6381: OK >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 127.0.0.1:6380) M: bb6ef615bb0ae13275943caec0db9d30b9f35c5e 127.0.0.1:6380 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) S: 5d154137180284d926ef51a91fc75f9438249ef8 127.0.0.1:6383 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates bb6ef615bb0ae13275943caec0db9d30b9f35c5e M: 837779b3965e2c9d4dd4385750aaaaf9a9039fb0 127.0.0.1:6382 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) S: ad151680a3e36cf2083ef822be0bdb075a7d36de 127.0.0.1:6384 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates b4d120f2983ad683f7b68992e1ba414722238db7 S: 9a2260a5a6a2add84b622a453a6a7b86a29d180d 127.0.0.1:6385 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 837779b3965e2c9d4dd4385750aaaaf9a9039fb0 M: b4d120f2983ad683f7b68992e1ba414722238db7 127.0.0.1:6381 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered. D:\Redis-Cluster\Redis-x64-3.2.100>
(3)信息查询
使用Redis客户端Redis-cli.exe来查看数据记录数,以及集群相关信息
原文作者:cctext
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/yy3b2007com/p/11033009.html
相关推荐:redis数据库教程
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