詳解Jedis對redis的操作
- coldplay.xixi轉載
- 2021-01-20 17:54:082494瀏覽
redis欄位本篇主要闡述Jedis對redis的五大類型的運算：字串、清單、雜湊、集合、有序集合。
推薦：redis教學（免費）
##JedisUtil
這裡的測試案例採用junit4進行運行，準備程式碼如下：
private static final String ipAddr = "10.10.195.112";
private static final int port = 6379;
private static Jedis jedis= null;
@BeforeClass
public static void init()
{
jedis = JedisUtil.getInstance().getJedis(ipAddr, port);
}
@AfterClass
public static void close()
{
JedisUtil.getInstance().closeJedis(jedis,ipAddr, port);
}
其中JedisUtil是jedis做的簡單封裝，程式碼如下：
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
public class JedisUtil
{
private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
private JedisUtil(){}
private static class RedisUtilHolder{
private static final JedisUtil instance = new JedisUtil();
}
public static JedisUtil getInstance(){
return RedisUtilHolder.instance;
}
private static Map<String,JedisPool> maps = new HashMap<String,JedisPool>();
private static JedisPool getPool(String ip, int port){
String key = ip+":"+port;
JedisPool pool = null;
if(!maps.containsKey(key))
{
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
config.setMaxActive(RedisConfig.MAX_ACTIVE);
config.setMaxIdle(RedisConfig.MAX_IDLE);
config.setMaxWait(RedisConfig.MAX_WAIT);
config.setTestOnBorrow(true);
config.setTestOnReturn(true);
pool = new JedisPool(config,ip,port,RedisConfig.TIMEOUT);
maps.put(key, pool);
}
else
{
pool = maps.get(key);
}
return pool;
}
public Jedis getJedis(String ip, int port)
{
Jedis jedis = null;
int count = 0;
do
{
try
{
jedis = getPool(ip,port).getResource();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
logger.error("get redis master1 failed!",e);
getPool(ip,port).returnBrokenResource(jedis);
}
}
while(jedis == null && count<RedisConfig.RETRY_NUM);
return jedis;
}
public void closeJedis(Jedis jedis, String ip, int port){
if(jedis != null)
{
getPool(ip,port).returnResource(jedis);
}
}
}
public class RedisConfig
{
//可用连接实例的最大数目，默认值为8；
//如果赋值为-1，则表示不限制；如果pool已经分配了maxActive个jedis实例，则此时pool的状态为exhausted(耗尽)。
public static int MAX_ACTIVE = 1024;
//控制一个pool最多有多少个状态为idle(空闲的)的jedis实例，默认值也是8。
public static int MAX_IDLE = 200;
//等待可用连接的最大时间，单位毫秒，默认值为-1，表示永不超时。如果超过等待时间，则直接抛出JedisConnectionException；
public static int MAX_WAIT = 10000;
public static int TIMEOUT = 10000;
public static int RETRY_NUM = 5;
}##鍵操作
@Test public void testKey() throws InterruptedException
{
System.out.println("清空数据："+jedis.flushDB());
System.out.println("判断某个键是否存在："+jedis.exists("username"));
System.out.println("新增<'username','zzh'>的键值对："+jedis.set("username", "zzh"));
System.out.println(jedis.exists("name"));
System.out.println("新增<'password','password'>的键值对："+jedis.set("password", "password"));
System.out.print("系统中所有的键如下：");
Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*");
System.out.println(keys);
System.out.println("删除键password:"+jedis.del("password"));
System.out.println("判断键password是否存在："+jedis.exists("password"));
System.out.println("设置键username的过期时间为5s:"+jedis.expire("username", 5));
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
System.out.println("查看键username的剩余生存时间："+jedis.ttl("username"));
System.out.println("移除键username的生存时间："+jedis.persist("username"));
System.out.println("查看键username的剩余生存时间："+jedis.ttl("username"));
System.out.println("查看键username所存储的值的类型："+jedis.type("username"));
}
輸出結果：
清空数据：OK 判断某个键是否存在：false 新增<'username','zzh'>的键值对：OK false 新增<'password','password'>的键值对：OK 系统中所有的键如下：[username, password] 删除键password:1 判断键password是否存在：false 设置键username的过期时间为5s:1 查看键username的剩余生存时间：3 移除键username的生存时间：1 查看键username的剩余生存时间：-1 查看键username所存储的值的类型：string
##字串運算
在Redis裡面，字串可以儲存三種類型的值：
- 位元組字串(byte string)
- 整數
- 浮點數
位元組字串
@Test public void testString() throws InterruptedException
{
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("===========增加数据===========");
System.out.println(jedis.set("key1","value1"));
System.out.println(jedis.set("key2","value2"));
System.out.println(jedis.set("key3", "value3"));
System.out.println("删除键key2:"+jedis.del("key2"));
System.out.println("获取键key2:"+jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("修改key1:"+jedis.set("key1", "value1Changed"));
System.out.println("获取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("在key3后面加入值："+jedis.append("key3", "End"));
System.out.println("key3的值："+jedis.get("key3"));
System.out.println("增加多个键值对："+jedis.mset("key01","value01","key02","value02","key03","value03"));
System.out.println("获取多个键值对："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03"));
System.out.println("获取多个键值对："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03","key04"));
System.out.println("删除多个键值对："+jedis.del(new String[]{"key01","key02"}));
System.out.println("获取多个键值对："+jedis.mget("key01","key02","key03"));
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("===========新增键值对防止覆盖原先值==============");
System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key1", "value1"));
System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key2", "value2"));
System.out.println(jedis.setnx("key2", "value2-new"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("===========新增键值对并设置有效时间=============");
System.out.println(jedis.setex("key3", 2, "value3"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key3"));
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3);
System.out.println(jedis.get("key3"));
System.out.println("===========获取原值，更新为新值==========");//GETSET is an atomic set this value and return the old value command.
System.out.println(jedis.getSet("key2", "key2GetSet"));
System.out.println(jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("获得key2的值的字串："+jedis.getrange("key2", 2, 4));
}輸出結果：===========增加数据=========== OK OK OK 删除键key2:1 获取键key2:null 修改key1:OK 获取key1的值：value1Changed 在key3后面加入值：9 key3的值：value3End 增加多个键值对：OK 获取多个键值对：[value01, value02, value03] 获取多个键值对：[value01, value02, value03, null] 删除多个键值对：2 获取多个键值对：[null, null, value03] ===========新增键值对防止覆盖原先值============== 1 1 0 value1 value2 ===========新增键值对并设置有效时间============= OK value3 null ===========获取原值，更新为新值========== value2 key2GetSet 获得key2的值的字串：y2G#memcached和redis同樣有append的操作，但是memcached有prepend的操作，redis中並沒有。
整數與浮點數
@Test public void testNumber()
{
jedis.flushDB();
jedis.set("key1", "1");
jedis.set("key2", "2");
jedis.set("key3", "2.3");
System.out.println("key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("key1的值加1："+jedis.incr("key1"));
System.out.println("获取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("key2的值减1："+jedis.decr("key2"));
System.out.println("获取key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));
System.out.println("将key1的值加上整数5："+jedis.incrBy("key1", 5));
System.out.println("获取key1的值："+jedis.get("key1"));
System.out.println("将key2的值减去整数5："+jedis.decrBy("key2", 5));
System.out.println("获取key2的值："+jedis.get("key2"));
}
#輸出結果：在redis2.6以上版本中有這個指令：incrbyfloat，即將鍵儲存的值加上浮點數amount，jedis-2.1.0中不支援此運算。key1的值：1 key2的值：2 key1的值加1：2 获取key1的值：2 key2的值减1：1 获取key2的值：1 将key1的值加上整数5：7 获取key1的值：7 将key2的值减去整数5：-4 获取key2的值：-4
##列表 @Test public void testList()
{
jedis.flushDB(); System.out.println("=新增一個list
#=");
jedis.lpush(“collections”, “ArrayList” , “Vector”, “Stack”, “HashMap”, “WeakHashMap”, “LinkedHashMap”);
jedis.lpush(“collections”, “HashSet”);
jedis.lpush(“collections”, “ TreeSet”);
jedis.lpush(“collections”, “TreeMap”);
System.out.println(“collections的內容：” jedis.lrange(“collections”, 0, -1)); //-1代表倒數第一個元素，-2代表倒數第二個元素 System.out.println(“collections區間0-3的元素：” jedis.lrange(“collections”,0,3) ); System.out.println("=
#");
// 刪除清單指定的值，第二個參數為刪除的個數（有重複時），後add進去的值先被刪，類似出棧
System.out.println(“刪除指定元素個數：” jedis.lrem(“collections”, 2, “HashMap”));
System.out.println(“collections的內容：” jedis. lrange(“collections”, 0, -1));
System.out.println(“刪除下表0-3區間之外的元素：” jedis.ltrim(“collections”, 0, 3));
System.out.println(“collections的內容：” jedis.lrange(“collections”, 0, -1));
System.out.println(“collections列表出棧（左端）：” jedis .lpop(“collections”));
System.out.println(“collections的內容：” jedis.lrange(“collections”, 0, -1));
System.out.println(“collections加入元素，從列表右端，與lpush相對應：” jedis.rpush(“collections”, “EnumMap”));
System.out.println(“collections的內容：” jedis.lrange(“collections”, 0, -1));
System.out.println(“collections列表出棧（右端）：” jedis.rpop(“collections”));
System.out.println(“collections的內容： ” jedis.lrange(“collections”, 0, -1));
System.out.println(“修改collections指定下標1的內容：” jedis.lset(“collections”, 1, “LinkedArrayList”) ); System.out.println(“collections的內容：” jedis.lrange(“collections”, 0, -1)); System.out.println("
##=");
System.out.println( “collections的長度：” jedis.llen(“collections”));
System.out.println(“獲取collections下標為2的元素：” jedis.lindex(“collections”, 2));
System.out.println("===============================");
jedis.lpush(“ sortedList”, “3”,“6”,“2”,“0”,“7”,“4”);
System.out.println(“sortedList排序前：” jedis.lrange(“sortedList” , 0, -1));
System.out.println(jedis.sort(“sortedList”));
System.out.println(“sortedList排序後：” jedis.lrange(“sortedList”, 0, -1));
輸出結果：Redis中還有阻塞式的列表彈出命令以及在列表之間移動元素的命令：blpop, brpop , rpoplpush, brpoplpush等。===========添加一个list=========== collections的内容：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap, WeakHashMap, HashMap, Stack, Vector, ArrayList] collections区间0-3的元素：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap] =============================== 删除指定元素个数：1 collections的内容：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap, WeakHashMap, Stack, Vector, ArrayList] 删除下表0-3区间之外的元素：OK collections的内容：[TreeMap, TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap] collections列表出栈（左端）：TreeMap collections的内容：[TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap] collections添加元素，从列表右端，与lpush相对应：4 collections的内容：[TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap, EnumMap] collections列表出栈（右端）：EnumMap collections的内容：[TreeSet, HashSet, LinkedHashMap] 修改collections指定下标1的内容：OK collections的内容：[TreeSet, LinkedArrayList, LinkedHashMap] =============================== collections的长度：3 获取collections下标为2的元素：LinkedHashMap =============================== sortedList排序前：[4, 7, 0, 2, 6, 3] [0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7] sortedList排序后：[4, 7, 0, 2, 6, 3]
##集合（Set）
@Test public void testSet()
{
jedis.flushDB();
System.out.println("============向集合中添加元素============");
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet", "e1","e2","e4","e3","e0","e8","e7","e5"));
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet", "e6"));
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet", "e6"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("删除一个元素e0："+jedis.srem("eleSet", "e0"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("删除两个元素e7和e6："+jedis.srem("eleSet", "e7","e6"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("随机的移除集合中的一个元素："+jedis.spop("eleSet"));
System.out.println("随机的移除集合中的一个元素："+jedis.spop("eleSet"));
System.out.println("eleSet的所有元素为："+jedis.smembers("eleSet"));
System.out.println("eleSet中包含元素的个数："+jedis.scard("eleSet"));
System.out.println("e3是否在eleSet中："+jedis.sismember("eleSet", "e3"));
System.out.println("e1是否在eleSet中："+jedis.sismember("eleSet", "e1"));
System.out.println("e1是否在eleSet中："+jedis.sismember("eleSet", "e5"));
System.out.println("=================================");
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet1", "e1","e2","e4","e3","e0","e8","e7","e5"));
System.out.println(jedis.sadd("eleSet2", "e1","e2","e4","e3","e0","e8"));
System.out.println("将eleSet1中删除e1并存入eleSet3中："+jedis.smove("eleSet1", "eleSet3", "e1"));
System.out.println("将eleSet1中删除e2并存入eleSet3中："+jedis.smove("eleSet1", "eleSet3", "e2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet1"));
System.out.println("eleSet3中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet3"));
System.out.println("============集合运算=================");
System.out.println("eleSet1中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet1"));
System.out.println("eleSet2中的元素："+jedis.smembers("eleSet2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1和eleSet2的交集:"+jedis.sinter("eleSet1","eleSet2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1和eleSet2的并集:"+jedis.sunion("eleSet1","eleSet2"));
System.out.println("eleSet1和eleSet2的差集:"+jedis.sdiff("eleSet1","eleSet2"));//eleSet1中有，eleSet2中没有
}
輸出結果：關於Set還有一些其他指令：srandmember, sdiffstore, sinterstore, sunionstore等。============向集合中添加元素============ 8 1 0 eleSet的所有元素为：[e3, e4, e1, e2, e0, e8, e7, e6, e5] 删除一个元素e0：1 eleSet的所有元素为：[e3, e4, e1, e2, e8, e7, e6, e5] 删除两个元素e7和e6：2 eleSet的所有元素为：[e3, e4, e1, e2, e8, e5] 随机的移除集合中的一个元素：e5 随机的移除集合中的一个元素：e2 eleSet的所有元素为：[e3, e4, e1, e8] eleSet中包含元素的个数：4 e3是否在eleSet中：true e1是否在eleSet中：true e1是否在eleSet中：false ================================= 8 6 将eleSet1中删除e1并存入eleSet3中：1 将eleSet1中删除e2并存入eleSet3中：1 eleSet1中的元素：[e3, e4, e0, e8, e7, e5] eleSet3中的元素：[e1, e2] ============集合运算================= eleSet1中的元素：[e3, e4, e0, e8, e7, e5] eleSet2中的元素：[e3, e4, e1, e2, e0, e8] eleSet1和eleSet2的交集:[e3, e4, e0, e8] eleSet1和eleSet2的并集:[e3, e4, e1, e2, e0, e8, e7, e5] eleSet1和eleSet2的差集:[e7, e5]
##散列
@Test public void testHash()
{
jedis.flushDB();
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("key1","value1");
map.put("key2","value2");
map.put("key3","value3");
map.put("key4","value4");
jedis.hmset("hash",map);
jedis.hset("hash", "key5", "value5");
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));//return Map<String,String>
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键为："+jedis.hkeys("hash"));//return Set<String>
System.out.println("散列hash的所有值为："+jedis.hvals("hash"));//return List<String>
System.out.println("将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6："+jedis.hincrBy("hash", "key6", 6));
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
System.out.println("将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6："+jedis.hincrBy("hash", "key6", 3));
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
System.out.println("删除一个或者多个键值对："+jedis.hdel("hash", "key2"));
System.out.println("散列hash的所有键值对为："+jedis.hgetAll("hash"));
System.out.println("散列hash中键值对的个数："+jedis.hlen("hash"));
System.out.println("判断hash中是否存在key2："+jedis.hexists("hash","key2"));
System.out.println("判断hash中是否存在key3："+jedis.hexists("hash","key3"));
System.out.println("获取hash中的值："+jedis.hmget("hash","key3"));
System.out.println("获取hash中的值："+jedis.hmget("hash","key3","key4"));
}
輸出結果：
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4, key3=value3, key5=value5, key2=value2, key1=value1}
散列hash的所有键为：[key4, key3, key5, key2, key1]
散列hash的所有值为：[value4, value3, value1, value2, value5]
将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6：6
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4, key3=value3, key6=6, key5=value5, key2=value2, key1=value1}
将key6保存的值加上一个整数，如果key6不存在则添加key6：9
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4, key3=value3, key6=9, key5=value5, key2=value2, key1=value1}
删除一个或者多个键值对：1
散列hash的所有键值对为：{key4=value4, key3=value3, key6=9, key5=value5, key1=value1}
散列hash中键值对的个数：5
判断hash中是否存在key2：false
判断hash中是否存在key3：true
获取hash中的值：[value3]
获取hash中的值：[value3, value4]
##有序集合
@Test public void testSortedSet()
{
jedis.flushDB();
Map<Double,String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put(1.2,"key2");
map.put(4.0, "key3");
map.put(5.0,"key4");
map.put(0.2,"key5");
System.out.println(jedis.zadd("zset", 3,"key1"));
System.out.println(jedis.zadd("zset",map));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrange("zset", 0, -1));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrangeWithScores("zset", 0, -1));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrangeByScore("zset", 0,100));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrangeByScoreWithScores("zset", 0,100));
System.out.println("zset中key2的分值："+jedis.zscore("zset", "key2"));
System.out.println("zset中key2的排名："+jedis.zrank("zset", "key2"));
System.out.println("删除zset中的元素key3："+jedis.zrem("zset", "key3"));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrange("zset", 0, -1));
System.out.println("zset中元素的个数："+jedis.zcard("zset"));
System.out.println("zset中分值在1-4之间的元素的个数："+jedis.zcount("zset", 1, 4));
System.out.println("key2的分值加上5："+jedis.zincrby("zset", 5, "key2"));
System.out.println("key3的分值加上4："+jedis.zincrby("zset", 4, "key3"));
System.out.println("zset中的所有元素："+jedis.zrange("zset", 0, -1));
}
輸出結果：有序集合還有zinterstore, zunionstore, zremrangebyscore, zremrangebyrank, zrevrank, zrevrange, zrangebyscore等指令。1 4 zset中的所有元素：[key5, key2, key1, key3, key4] zset中的所有元素：[[[107, 101, 121, 53],0.2], [[107, 101, 121, 50],1.2], [[107, 101, 121, 49],3.0], [[107, 101, 121, 51],4.0], [[107, 101, 121, 52],5.0]] zset中的所有元素：[key5, key2, key1, key3, key4] zset中的所有元素：[[[107, 101, 121, 53],0.2], [[107, 101, 121, 50],1.2], [[107, 101, 121, 49],3.0], [[107, 101, 121, 51],4.0], [[107, 101, 121, 52],5.0]] zset中key2的分值：1.2 zset中key2的排名：1 删除zset中的元素key3：1 zset中的所有元素：[key5, key2, key1, key4] zset中元素的个数：4 zset中分值在1-4之间的元素的个数：2 key2的分值加上5：6.2 key3的分值加上4：4.0 zset中的所有元素：[key5, key1, key3, key4, key2]
##排序sort
@Test public void testSort()
{
jedis.flushDB();
jedis.lpush("collections", "ArrayList", "Vector", "Stack", "HashMap", "WeakHashMap", "LinkedHashMap");
System.out.println("collections的内容："+jedis.lrange("collections", 0, -1));
SortingParams sortingParameters = new SortingParams();
System.out.println(jedis.sort("collections",sortingParameters.alpha()));
System.out.println("===============================");
jedis.lpush("sortedList", "3","6","2","0","7","4");
System.out.println("sortedList排序前："+jedis.lrange("sortedList", 0, -1));
System.out.println("升序："+jedis.sort("sortedList", sortingParameters.asc()));
System.out.println("升序："+jedis.sort("sortedList", sortingParameters.desc()));
System.out.println("===============================");
jedis.lpush("userlist", "33");
jedis.lpush("userlist", "22");
jedis.lpush("userlist", "55");
jedis.lpush("userlist", "11");
jedis.hset("user:66", "name", "66");
jedis.hset("user:55", "name", "55");
jedis.hset("user:33", "name", "33");
jedis.hset("user:22", "name", "79");
jedis.hset("user:11", "name", "24");
jedis.hset("user:11", "add", "beijing");
jedis.hset("user:22", "add", "shanghai");
jedis.hset("user:33", "add", "guangzhou");
jedis.hset("user:55", "add", "chongqing");
jedis.hset("user:66", "add", "xi'an");
sortingParameters = new SortingParams();
sortingParameters.get("user:*->name");
sortingParameters.get("user:*->add");
System.out.println(jedis.sort("userlist",sortingParameters));
}###輸出結果：###collections的内容：[LinkedHashMap, WeakHashMap, HashMap, Stack, Vector, ArrayList] [ArrayList, HashMap, LinkedHashMap, Stack, Vector, WeakHashMap] =============================== sortedList排序前：[4, 7, 0, 2, 6, 3] 升序：[0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7] 升序：[7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 0] =============================== [24, beijing, 79, shanghai, 33, guangzhou, 55, chongqing]
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