關於升級PHP7操作MongoDB

前言

使用 PHP MongoDB 的使用者很多，因為 MongoDB 對非結構化資料的儲存很方便。在 PHP5 及以前，官方提供了兩個擴展，Mongo 和 MongoDB，其中 Mongo 是對以 MongoClient 等幾個核心類別為基礎的類別群進行操作，封裝得很方便，所以基本上都會選擇 Mongo 擴展。

詳情請見官方手冊：https://www.php.net/manual/zh/book.mongo.php

但是隨著PHP5 升級到PHP7，官方不再支援Mongo擴展，只支援MongoDB，而PHP7 的效能提升巨大，讓人無法割捨，所以怎麼把Mongo 替換成MongoDB 成為了一個亟待解決的問題。 MongoDB 引入了命名空間，但是功能封裝非常差，如果非要用原生的擴展，幾乎意味著寫原生的 Mongo 語句。這種想法很違反 ORM 簡化 DB IO 操作帶來的語法問題而專注邏輯優化的思路。

詳情也可參考官方手冊：https://www.php.net/manual/zh/set.mongodb.php

在這種情況之下，MongoDB 官方忍不住了，為了方便使用，增加市場佔有率，推出了基於MongoDB 擴充功能的函式庫：https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-php-library

該函式庫的詳細文件請見：https:/ /docs.mongodb.com/php-library/current/reference/

#MongoDB 驅動程式

##如果使用原始驅動的話，大致語法如下：

<?php
use MongoDB\Driver\Manager;
use MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;
use MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern;
use MongoDB\Driver\Query;
use MongoDB\Driver\Command;
class MongoDb {
    protected $mongodb;
    protected $database;
    protected $collection;
    protected $bulk;
    protected $writeConcern;
    protected $defaultConfig
        = [
            &#39;hostname&#39; => &#39;localhost&#39;,
            &#39;port&#39; => &#39;27017&#39;,
            &#39;username&#39; => &#39;&#39;,
            &#39;password&#39; => &#39;&#39;,
            &#39;database&#39; => &#39;test&#39;
        ];
    public function __construct($config) {
        $config = array_merge($this->defaultConfig, $config);
        $mongoServer = "mongodb://";
        if ($config[&#39;username&#39;]) {
            $mongoServer .= $config[&#39;username&#39;] . &#39;:&#39; . $config[&#39;password&#39;] . &#39;@&#39;;
        }
        $mongoServer .= $config[&#39;hostname&#39;];
        if ($config[&#39;port&#39;]) {
            $mongoServer .= &#39;:&#39; . $config[&#39;port&#39;];
        }
        $mongoServer .= &#39;/&#39; . $config[&#39;database&#39;];
        $this->mongodb = new Manager($mongoServer);
        $this->database = $config[&#39;database&#39;];
        $this->collection = $config[&#39;collection&#39;];
        $this->bulk = new BulkWrite();
        $this->writeConcern = new WriteConcern(WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 100);
    }
    public function query($where = [], $option = []) {
        $query = new Query($where, $option);
        $result = $this->mongodb->executeQuery("$this->database.$this->collection", $query);
        return json_encode($result);
    }
    public function count($where = []) {
        $command = new Command([&#39;count&#39; => $this->collection, &#39;query&#39; => $where]);
        $result = $this->mongodb->executeCommand($this->database, $command);
        $res = $result->toArray();
        $count = 0;
        if ($res) {
            $count = $res[0]->n;
        }
        return $count;
    }
    public function update($where = [], $update = [], $upsert = false) {
        $this->bulk->update($where, [&#39;$set&#39; => $update], [&#39;multi&#39; => true, &#39;upsert&#39; => $upsert]);
        $result = $this->mongodb->executeBulkWrite("$this->database.$this->collection", $this->bulk, $this->writeConcern);
        return $result->getModifiedCount();
    }
    public function insert($data = []) {
        $this->bulk->insert($data);
        $result = $this->mongodb->executeBulkWrite("$this->database.$this->collection", $this->bulk, $this->writeConcern);
        return $result->getInsertedCount();
    }
    public function delete($where = [], $limit = 1) {
        $this->bulk->delete($where, [&#39;limit&#39; => $limit]);
        $result = $this->mongodb->executeBulkWrite("$this->database.$this->collection", $this->bulk, $this->writeConcern);
        return $result->getDeletedCount();
    }
}

這樣的語法和之前差異太大，改變不方便，換PHP MongoDB 函式庫

MongoDB 函式庫

1.連接

原

new MongoClient();

新

new MongoDB\Client();

2.新增

原

$collention->insert($array, $options);

新

$resultOne = $collention->insertOne($array, $options);//单
$lastId = $resultOne->getInsertedId();
$resultMany = $collention->insertMany($array, $options);//多
$count = $resultMany->getInsertedCount();

3.修改

原

$collention->update($condition, [
    '$set' => $values
,[
    'multiple' => true//多条，单条false
]);

新

$collection->updateOne(
    ['state' => 'ny'],
    ['$set' => ['country' => 'us']]
);
$updateResult = $collection->updateMany(
    ['state' => 'ny'],
    ['$set' => ['country' => 'us']]
);
$count = $updateResult->getModifiedCount();

4.查詢

############################################################################################# #原###

$cursor = $collection->find($condition, [
    'name' => true//指定字段
]);
$cursor->skip(5);
$cursor->limit(5);
$cursor->sort([
    'time' => -1
]);

###新###

$cursor = $collection->find($condition, [
    'skip' => 5,
    'limit' => 5,
    'sort' => [
        'time' => -1
    ],//排序
    'projection' => [
        'name' => 1//指定字段
    ]
]);

######5.刪除##########原始###

$collention->remove($condition, [
    'justOne' => false//删单条
]);
$collention->remove([]);//删所有

###新###

$result = $collention->deleteOne($condition, $options);
$collention->deleteMany($condition, $options);
$result->getDeletedCount();

###################################################### #補充#########有些人可能習慣以類似MySQL 的自增ID 來處理數據，以前可能使用findAndModify() 方法來查詢並修改：###

$collention->findAndModify([
    '_id' => $tableName//我在自增表中用其它的表名作主键
], [
    '$inc' => ['id' => 1]//自增
], [
    '_id' => 0
], [
    'new' => 1//返回修改后的结果，默认是修改前的
]);

###現在使用MongoDB 函式庫的話需要修改為：###

$collention->findOneAndUpdate([
    '_id' => $tableName
], [
    '$inc' => ['id' => 1]
], [
    'projection' => ['id' => 1],
    'returnDocument' => MongoDB\Operation\FindOneAndUpdate::RETURN_DOCUMENT_AFTER
]);

###類似的還有findOneAndDelete() findOneAndReplace()，更多內容可見###文檔#####

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