詳解如何透過SSH通道來存取MySQL

很多次當要使用Mysql時，會遇到以下情況：

1. 資訊比較重要，希望通訊被加密。

2. 一些端口，例如3306端口，被路由器禁用。

對第一個問題的一個比較直接的解決方法就是更改mysql的程式碼，或是使用一些證書，不過這種方法顯然不是很簡單。

相關學習影片教學推薦：mysql影片教學

這裡要介紹另一個方法，就是利用SSH通道來連接遠端的Mysql，方法相當簡單。

一、建立SSH通道

只需要在本機鍵入以下指令：

ssh -fNg -L 3307:127.0.0.1:3306 myuser@remotehost.com
The command tells ssh to log in to remotehost.com as myuser, go into the background (-f) and not execute any remote command (-N), and set up port-forwarding (-L localport:localhost:remoteport ). In this case, we forward port 3307 on localhost to port 3306 on remotehost.com.

二、連線Mysql

#現在，你就可以透過本地連線遠端的資料庫了，就像存取本地的資料庫一樣。

mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307 -u dbuser -p db
The command tells the local MySQL client to connect to localhost port 3307 (which is forwarded via ssh to remotehost.com:3306). The exchange of data between client and server is now sent over the encrypted ssh connection.

或用Mysql Query Brower來存取Client的3307埠。

類似的，用PHP存取：

<?php
$smysql = mysql_connect( "127.0.0.1:3307", "dbuser", "PASS" );
mysql_select_db( "db", $smysql );
?>
Making It A Daemon
A quick and dirty way to make sure the connection runs on startup and respawns on failure is to add it to /etc/inittab and have the init process (the, uh, kernel) keep it going.
Add the following to /etc/inittab on each client:
sm:345:respawn:/usr/bin/ssh -Ng -L 3307:127.0.0.1:3306 myuser@remotehost.com
And that should be all you need to do. Send init the HUP signal ( kill -HUP 1 ) to make it reload the configuration. To turn it off, comment out the line and HUP init again.

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